Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NEC)

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" rowspan="2" width=215 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" background="1d80ce82egerdp.png"> <bR> <div> <B>2002 NEC</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>155 QUESTIONS</B></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#computer___15_amp_circuit_1272005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Computer & 15 amp circuit</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#6_circuit_rule_1272005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>6 circuit rule</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#single_conductor_1282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Single conductor</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#max__amp_of_sub_panel_12182005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Max. amp of Sub-panel</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#branch_circuit_not_long_enough" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Branch circuit not long enough</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#wire_size_11252005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Wire size</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#changing_suppy_conductors_11182005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Changing supply conductors</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#maximum_conductors_in_12_in_conduit" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Maximum conductors in 1/2 IN </U></U></A><A HREF="id45_m.htm#maximum_conductors_in_12_in_conduit" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>conduit</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#maximum_conductors_in_12_in_conduit" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#kerny_11112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Kerny</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#kerny_11112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#catv_home_runs_11112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>CATV homeruns</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#romax_wiring_11112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Romax wiring</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#romax_wiring_11112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#differance_of_single___double_pole" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Difference on 1 & 2 pole breaker</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#tankless_water_heater_1122005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Tankless water heater</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#tankless_water_heater_1122005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#disconnecting_means_1112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Disconnecting means</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#outlet_under_kitchen_counter_10262005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Outlet under kitchen counter</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#600_volt_disconnect_10232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>600 volt disconnect</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#600_volt_disconnect_10232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#smoke_alarm_interconnect_10232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Smoke alarm interconnect</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#hvac_receptacle_10232005_1" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>HVAC receptacle</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#hvac_receptacle_10232005_1" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#reciprocal_bathlightfan_10172005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Reciprocal bath light/fan</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#afi_s_10102005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>AFCI'S</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#afi_s_10102005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#conductor_crosssection_1062005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Conductor cross section</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#receptacle_calculation_1032005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Receptacle calculation</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#transfer_switch_9282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Transfer switch</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#transfer_switch_9282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#pool_lights_9262005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Pool lights</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#pool_lights_9262005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#townhome_buildings_9232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Townhome buildings</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#i_need_help_9102005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>I need help</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#i_need_help_9102005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#paralleled_conductors_912005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Paralleled conductors</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#no_outside_disconnect_8232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>No outside disconnect</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#main_breaker_clearence_8152005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Main breaker clearance</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#resturant_outlets_8112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Restaurant outlets</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#resturant_outlets_8112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#underground_wiring_832005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Underground wiring</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#generator_hookup_542005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Generator hookup</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#let_the_code_decide_522005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Let the code decide</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#new_service_4272005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>New service</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#pool_wiring_7222005_1" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Pool wiring</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#pool_wiring_7222005_1" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#replacement_of_electrical_switch" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Replacement of electrical switch</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#afci_requirements_752005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>AFCI requirements</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#afci_requirements_752005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#code_requirement_of_bathroom_lightfan" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Code requirement of bathroom light/fan</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#code_requirement_of_bathroom_lightfan" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#residential_code_question_6302005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Residential code question</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#maximum_outlets_on_a_circuit_6242005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Max. outlets on a circuit</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#maximum_outlets_on_a_circuit_6242005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#plugs_on_countertop_6232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Plugs on countertop</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#spares_in_subpanel_6222005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Spares in Subpanel</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#spares_in_subpanel_6222005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#parallel_power_cable_6192005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Parallel power cable</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#changing_a_100_amp_to_200_amp_panel" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Changing 100amp to 200amp</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#general_recp___light_circuit" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>General recp & light cir/res</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#sub_panel_for_pool_642005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Sub Panel for pool</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#sub_panel_for_pool_642005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#control_panel_voltage_5252005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Control panel voltages</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#funneral_homes_over_100_people_5172005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Funeral home over 100</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#funneral_homes_over_100_people_5172005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#low_voltage_24vdc_solenoid_valve" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Low voltage 24VDC</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#branch_circuits_5162005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Branch circuits</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#switched_outlets_on_a_branch_circuit" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Switched outlets/branch cir</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#switched_outlets_on_a_branch_circuit" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#placement_of_a_panel_inside_building" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Placement of panel inside</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#placement_of_a_panel_inside_building" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#ecg_2292005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>ECG</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#fire_district_4282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Fire District</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#fire_district_4282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#generator_power_cord_size" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Generator power cord size</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#re_arc_welder_sizing_4222005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>RE: Arc welder sizing</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#re_arc_welder_sizing_4222005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#breakerpanel_compatibility_4222005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Breaker/panel compatibility</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#breakerpanel_compatibility_4222005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#interior_panel_wall_clearence_4202005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Interior panel clearance</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#interior_panel_wall_clearence_4202005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#using_romax_inside_conduit_4192005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Using romax inside conduit</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#using_romax_inside_conduit_4192005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#smoke_detector_wiring_4122005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Smoke detector wiring</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#smoke_detector_wiring_4122005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bonding_at_point_of_main_452005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bonding at point of main</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#copper_clad_wiring_3312005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Copper clad wiring</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bonding_hydromassage_tubs_2282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bonding hydromassage tubs</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#desk_in_kitchen_3282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Desk in kitchen</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#branch_circuit_basement_3242005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Branch circuit basement</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bathroom_wiring_3192005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bathroom wiring</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bathroom_circuit_3172005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bathroom circuit</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#bathroom_circuit_3172005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#mercury_vapor_light_3112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Mercury vapor light</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#mercury_vapor_light_3112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#ul_question_372005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>UL question</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#ul_question_372005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#fire_barrier_372005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Fire barrier</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#derate_wireway_362005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Derating wireway</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#afci_220v_outlets_312005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>AFCI 220V outlets</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#afci_220v_outlets_312005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bathroom_light_switch_2252005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bathroom light switch</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#transformers_2242005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Transformers</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#100_amp_vs_200_amp_2232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>100 amp vs 200 amp</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#sub_panel_2112005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Sub-panel</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#running_romax_cable_2102005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Running romax cable</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#running_romax_cable_2102005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#dryer_cords_292005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Dryer cords</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#code_reference_262005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Code reference</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#code_reference_262005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#down_sizing_wire_1312005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Down sizing wire</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#service_upgrade_1282005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Service upgrade</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#nec_article_336_1252005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>NEC Article 336</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#nec_article_336_1252005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#main___service_panel_grounding_1232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Main service panel grounding</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#the_2_6_12_rule_1232005_1" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>The 2-6-12 rules</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#outdoor_receptacles_1232005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Outdoor receptacles</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bathroom___wall_devices_in_dwellings" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bathroom & wall devices</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#generator_wire_gauge_size_132005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Generator wire gauge size</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#generator_wire_gauge_size_132005" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#legal_question_12302004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Legal question</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#legal_question_12302004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#exact_way_on_200_amp_service_12262004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Exact way on 200 amp service</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#mix_voltage_in_the_same_box_12222004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Mix voltage in same boxes</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#mix_voltage_in_the_same_box_12222004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#feed_through_receptacles_12202004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Feed through receptacles</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#12_volt_track_lights_12142004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>12 volt track lights</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#400_amp_residential_underground_service" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>400 amp underground service</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#computing_load_for_service_11252004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Computing load for service</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#subpanel_question_11252004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Subpanel </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#electrical_conduit_11222004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Electrical conduit</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#electrical_conduit_11222004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#arc_welder_sizing_11172004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Arc Welders</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#8_code_questions_11172004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>8 code questions</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bathroom_circuits_11142004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bathroom circuits</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#3_wire___ground_equipment_11142004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>3 Wire & grounding equipment</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#3_wire___ground_equipment_11142004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#switching_1172004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Switching</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#switching_1172004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#moble_home_10272004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Mobile homes</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#moble_home_10272004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#power_company_transformer_1132004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Power company transformer</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#power_company_transformer_1132004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#switch_mounting_height_10252004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Switch mounting height</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#200_amp_service_10192004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>200 amp service</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#afci_1072004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>AFCI in old Federal Pacific</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#panelboard_in_closets_9272004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Panelboard in closets</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#panelboard_in_closets_9272004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#bonding_tvss_9272004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Bonding TVSS</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#bonding_tvss_9272004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#commercial_kitchen_gfci_8282004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Commercial kitchen GFCI</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#receptacles_question_8182004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Receptacles question</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#licenses__8102004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Licenses</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#licenses__8102004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#branch_circuit_862004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Branch circuit</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#branch_circuit_862004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#low_voltage_gas_appliances_852004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Low voltage gas appliances</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#low_voltage_gas_appliances_852004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#equestrian_riding_arena_7162004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Equestrian riding arena</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm#equestrian_riding_arena_7162004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U> </U></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#wiring_a_fan_and_receptacle_to_existing" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Wiring a fan & receptacle</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#elevator_pits_6242004_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Elevator Pits</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#ok_i_need_your_help_6112004_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>OK I need your help C-tops </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#100_amp_underground_service_672004__3" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>100 Amp underground service </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#split_bolt_connectors_5242004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Split bolt connectors</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#great_web_page_strange_box_5242004_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Great web page, strange box</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#ungrounded_gfci_5192004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Ungrounded GFCI </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#smoke_detectors_5172004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Smoke detectors </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#let_there_be_light_562004_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Let there be light </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#quik_talk_question_562004_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Quik talk question</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#afci_breaker_4202004" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>AFCI Breaker 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TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>GFCI's in basements</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#arcing_fault_breakers_192004_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Arcing fault breakers </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#dimming_lights_122003_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Dimming lights </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#wire_identification_12112003_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Wire identification </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#sub_panel_of_detached_garage_11262003_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Sub-panel of detached garage </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#conduit_sizing_and_derating_1182003_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Conduit sizing and derating </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#residential_bathroom_circuits_1072003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Residential bathroom circuits </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#main_meter_in_modesto_ca__1052003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Main meter in Modesto, CA </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#sizing_soow_cord_9172003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Sizing SOOW cord</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#sizing_x_ray_equipment_9132003_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Sizing X-Ray equipment </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#job_trailers_8312003_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Job trailers</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#meter_main_upgrade_6252003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Meter/ main upgrade</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#required_old_wiring_upgrade_6152003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Required old wiring/upgrade</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#sizing_service_lateral_6142003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Sizing service lateral </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#jetted_tub_question_6102003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Jetted tub question </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#control_panels_6032003" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Control panels</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#grounds_53003_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Grounds</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#pool_voltage_gradients_52703" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Pool voltage gradients</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#electric_baseboard_heaters_52503" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Electric baseboard heaters</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#floating_neutral_51803" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Floating neutral </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#outside_disconnects_51603" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Outside disconnect </U></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#twist_lock_outlets_at_pools_5103" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Twist lock outlets at pools </U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#max_use_on_15_amp_circuit_32703" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Max. use on 15 amp circuit</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#too_many_wires_in_a_hole_13103_" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Two many wires in a hole</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <div> <U><IMG SRC="07db6040.png" border=0 width="182" height="4" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U>1999 NEC</U><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id43.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (1999, 1"><U><U>All Codes from 1999 and below, click here</U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id43_disconnects_121602_.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (1999, 1"><U><U>Disconnects</U></U></A><U> </U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U><IMG SRC="07db6040.png" border=0 width="182" height="4" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></FONT></div> <div> <U>1996 & lower NEC</U><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm#send_us_your_code_questio" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>bottom of page</U></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top </U></U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=95 BGCOLOR="#CC99CC" TEXT="#080000" background="1d7265f1ezuady.png"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><B>EDSTUBBS.COM                    Electrical Contractors Web Site</B></FONT><B>  </B><B> </B><B>|   </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="EDSTUBBS.COM Electric"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id18.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Code Classes and Master Electricians Exa"><U>Code Classes and Master Electricians Exam Review</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id19.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Books Reference"><U>Books & 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Jurisdiction</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id26.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Email List"><U>E-mail List</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id27.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="My Electrical Background"><U>My Electrical Background</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id29.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Gwinnett Tech Seminars / Continuing Educ"><U>Gwinnett Tech Seminars / Continuing Education</U></A></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" height=385 colspan=2 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <I>Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NEC)</I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B><IMG SRC="19a0e4a0.png" border=0 width="270" height="330" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <bR> <div> <B>In 1994 after being an electrical inspector for more than six years, question after question was asked about swimming pools and other questions on code, so I decided to write down the answers and hand them out. The first Quik (Quick) Talk article I wrote was about </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id43_ground_rods.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (1999, 1"><U><B><U>ground rods at a pool site</U></B></U></A></FONT><A HREF="id43_ground_rods.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (1999, 1"><U><B>.</B></U></A><B> It went over well with inspectors and contractors, so I decided to continue with the Quik Talk. This section is for those who want to go back before the 2005 NEC. Throughout the years, the NEC has made changes every three years to make a better and safer electrical system. Who knows, you might find the answer you were looking for.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> <I>Do you want to know in advanced about Seminars & Continuing Education Classes?</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id26.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Email List"><U><I><U>click here</U></I></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New" ><I> </I></FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#800080" FACE="Times New" ><I>and follow the instructions.</I></FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="17a1e250.gif" border=0 width="30" height="37" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="the_state_of_georgia_is"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>"The State of Georgia is now on the 2008 NEC"</B></div> <div> <B>Go to: </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New" ><A HREF="id25_want_to_see_if_your_city_or_county_has.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="The Authority Having Jurisdiction"><U><U>City and County</U></U></A></FONT> <B>for local amendments</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B><U>All questions below are answered under the 2002 NEC before adoption of the 2005 NEC</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B> <A NAME="computer___15_amp_circuit_1272005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Computer & 15 amp circuit 12/7/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Given a processor, and monitor, how many computers should I install on a single 15 amp circuit?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Paul</B></div> <bR> <div> You can figure that question out by reading the amp load on the label for each piece of equipment you have. Lets say one processor pulls 2 amps and one monitor pulls 2 amps. The total will be 4 amps. Article 210.20(A) shows a continuous load shall be 125%. 4 amps X 125% = 5. 15 amp breaker divided by 5 = 3 sets of equipment. A 20 amp breaker will allow 4 sets. Get it?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><U> </U></FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="6_circuit_rule_1272005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>6 circuit rule 12/7/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Mr. Stubbs -</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I hope this is an easy one...</B></div> <div> <B>We're selling our 1978 home. It's currently in escrow and we've just</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>received a copy of the buyer's inspection results. The inspector has noted</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>that the main panel requires a main disconnect breaker because the home has</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>more than 6 branch circuits. This home has never had a main breaker and has</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>always had more than 6 branch circuits. Is there an exception to this " >6</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>circuit" rule? If so, could you please let me know where I could get a copy</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>of the dialog. I plan to review this information with the buyer's inspector</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>& real estate agent.</B></div> <div> <B>My panel doesn't support a main breaker. If I must install a main breaker,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>could I simply mount an auxiliary main breaker box adjacent to the existing</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>panel with the appropriate conduit, ground bonding etc.? Would this</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>workaround pass inspection?</B></div> <div> <B>Thank you in advance for your response.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Greg</B></div> <bR> <div> There is no exception for your existing installation. I have no clue why your home passed the first inspection, unless your local jurisdiction has an ordinance. I don't know how many breakers that you have in the panelboard, but it is a violation of article 230.71.</div> <bR> <div> <B>230.71 Maximum Number of Disconnects.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) General.</B> The service disconnecting means for each service permitted by 230.2, or for each set of service-entrance conductors permitted by 230.40, Exception Nos. 1, 3, 4, or 5, shall consist of not more than six switches or sets of circuit breakers, or a combination of not more than six switches and sets of circuit breakers, mounted in a single enclosure, in a group of separate enclosures, or in or on a switchboard. There shall be no more than six sets of disconnects per service grouped in any one location. For the purpose of this section, disconnecting means used solely for power monitoring equipment, or the control circuit of the ground-fault protection system or power-operable service disconnecting means, installed as part of the listed equipment, shall not be considered a service disconnecting means.</div> <bR> <div> You can have a main installed next to the panelboard if it outside. If the panelboard is inside, a main disconnect must be installed outside with a four wire feeder cable to the panel inside. You need to get with an electrician to work out the details of the installation. Make the home safe for sell.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="single_conductor_1282005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Single conductor 12/8/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>May a 240 volt circuit be installed in the same conduit with 120 volts and 277 volt circuits ?</B></div> <div> Yes it can! The wiring shall have the same insulation rating if it is installed in the same cable or raceway. The rating cannot be lower then the highest rated conductor voltage being used in the same cable or raceway.</div> <bR> <div> <B>300.3 Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Conductors of Different Systems.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1) 600 Volts, Nominal, or Less.</B> <I>Conductors of circuits rated 600 volts, nominal, or less, ac circuits, and dc circuits shall be permitted to occupy the same equipment wiring enclosure, cable, or raceway. All conductors shall have an insulation rating equal to at least the maximum circuit voltage applied to any conductor within the enclosure, cable, or raceway.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="max__amp_of_sub_panel_12182005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Max. amp of Sub-panel 12/18/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I came across your web site, and I was curious to know if the NECA</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>specifies a maximum allowable ampacity for sub-panels as compared to the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>main panel that they are connected to.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>For example, if a residence has a 200-amp service to a 200-amp main</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>panel, what is the allowable ampacity of any connected sub-panels? Would it</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>be allowable to have a 100-, 125-, 150-, or even 200-amp sub-panel?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>What about multiple sub-panels? Would it be allowable to have:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>1)</B><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT><B>two 100-amp sub-panels?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>2)</B><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT><B>two 150-amp sub-panels?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>3)</B><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT><B>a 125-amp and two 40-amp sub-panels</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>With the combinations above, there would still be space for plenty of</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>branch circuits in what would appear to be an already heavily loaded main panel.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I haven't really seen any discussion of this anywhere. I look forward</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>to hearing your response.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Jeremy</B></div> <bR> <div> This is a good question, but let me clear up your question. Can you have a 200 amp main service, (outside I assume) and connect as many combination sub-panels down stream as long as they don't exceed 200 amps? The answer to that question is no. The sub-panels would not have the proper protection on the enclosures. If you do want a number of sub-panels down stream of the main, they all shall comply with Article 240.21(B)(1) and (B)(2) on the 10 & 25 foot tap rule, and Article 215.3. They also shall terminate to a single overcurrent device for that sub-panel. You may also have multiple sub-panels down stream without a main in the sub-panel if they have the same rating or greater then the main overcurrent device, but you cannot exceed the combination branch circuits connected loads that would cause the 200 amp main to trip. Even if you loaded them up, it doesn't mean you have exceeded the load on the main.</div> <bR> <div> 240.21 Location in Circuit. </div> <div> Overcurrent protection shall be provided in each ungrounded circuit conductor and shall be located at the point where the conductors receive their supply except as specified in 240.21(A) through (G). No conductor supplied under the provisions of 240.21(A) through (G) shall supply another conductor under those provisions, except through an overcurrent protective device meeting the requirements of 240.4. </div> <div> 215.3 Overcurrent Protection. </div> <div> Feeders shall be protected against overcurrent in accordance with the provisions of Part I of Article 240. Where a feeder supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous and noncontiguous loads, the rating of the overcurrent device shall not be less than the noncontiguous load plus 125 percent of the continuous load.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="branch_circuit_not_long_enough"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Branch circuit not long enough 11/29/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello </B></div> <div> <B>I hope you can help. I want to move my service panel in the basement because of a leak I need to repair that is dripping on the service panel. </B></div> <div> <B>The branch circuits won't be long enough! </B></div> <div> <B>Can I use a junction box to splice the branch circuits and make them long enough to reach the service panels new location. </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks </B></div> <div> <B>Curtis</B></div> <bR> <div> Yes you can! Just make sure the junction box that you install is big enough for all of the conductors you relocate. All of the equipment grounds have to be bonded together in the junction box or boxes and at least one shall be bonded to the metal enclosure if you don't use a plastic box. The neutrals of different circuits shall not be connected together. Go to Table 314.16(A) for box size and Table 314.16(B) for the square inches of the conductors.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="wire_size_11252005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Wire size 11/25/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>What size wire the support a 100 amp breaker.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Using the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT>60 degree column on table 310.16 for copper and aluminum, 1 AWG copper and 1/0 aluminum. This will be the smallest conductor you can use on this table. There is an exception for <B><U>single phase dwellings </U></B>on table 310.15(B)(6). </div> <div> <B>Table 310.15(B)(6) Conductor Types and Sizes for 120/240-Volt, 3-Wire, Single-Phase Dwelling Services and Feeders. Conductor Types RHH, RHW, RHW-2, THHN, THHW, THW, THW-2, THWN, THWN-2, XHHW, XHHW-2, SE, USE, USE-2</B></div> <bR> <div> For a 100 AMP breaker = 4 AWG copper or 2 AWG aluminum.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="changing_suppy_conductors_11182005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Changing supply conductors 11/18/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>My house was built in 1979 in New Jersey and has a 40 degree wire rating ( which I found on the circuit breaker box). I just recently purchased a ceiling light fixture which states to make sure your dwelling has a 90 degree wire rating. How do you upgrade supply conductors, is this something that MUST be done by an electrician and if so what is the approx. range of cost for such?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks </B></div> <div> <B>Andrea</B></div> <bR> <div> Well Andrea, as always, I will always suggest that an electrician handle all wiring in any home or structure. Secondly, I can never quote or suggest a price on any electrical system. There are 50 States and hundreds of thousands of contractors. </div> <bR> <div> First, the circuit breaker marked 40 degree is only the rating of the beaker. The wiring in the wall has a 60 degree or 90 degree rating on it. The reason for the 90 degree rating is for heat dissipation from the light bulb. If the heat is to high, the insulation can be damaged. The higher the wattage on the bulb, the higher the heat dissipation. Save your money and keep the wattage at 60 watts or less or have the electrician check the rating on the conductor. They may already be 90 degree rated</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="maximum_conductors_in_12_in_conduit"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Maximum conductors in 1/2 IN conduit 11/17/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Just a quick question. How many #12 THHN solid or stranded wire can be</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>pulled through 1/2" EMT ?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thank You. </B></div> <div> <B>Mitch, East Elmhurst, NY</B> </div> <bR> <div> 9 conductors </div> <div> Table C1 Maximum Number of Conductors or Fixture Wires in Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT) (Based on Table 1, Chapter 9) </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="kerny_11112005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Kerny 11/11/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi, found your site I find it very interesting, have found myself reading your Q&A and I'm very impressed have a few rookies on board and have recommended they visit once and awhile, </B></div> <div> <B>The question that had the term kerny in it, baffled me why, you would not know what that was, but then realized you may not have grown up with a father that worked and electrical line crew. Kerny was misspelled its kernsy or (split Bolt) kernsy was the name brand the only name. This reminds me of air admittance valve and ( studder vent). </B></div> <div> <B>Timothy D Evans </B></div> <div> <B>Chief Building Official, Town Of Leland NC </B></div> <bR> <div> Well Chief Evans: </div> <div> I want to thank you for that correct information. I have been in the business for over 38 years and I never caught that era. Most contractors and inspectors were taught layman's terms and never the correct code terms. If you see any more incorrect words, please let me know. </div> <div> Thanks, Ed Stubbs</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="catv_home_runs_11112005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>CATV homeruns 11/11/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks so much for your informative web site. I have one quick question....</B></div> <div> <B>The NEC doesn't seem to contain any design provisions for low-voltage wiring. Is there any reference to TIA-570, requiring home runs for low voltage wiring (Cable TV, Telephone, etc.)?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks, </B></div> <div> <B>Roman</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm sorry to inform you that the NEC is not a design publication. However, It does contain information on the minimum installation and safety requirements. Article 725, 760, and 800.</div> <bR> <div> <B>90.1 Purpose.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Practical Safeguarding.</B> <I>The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity. </I></div> <div> <B>(B) Adequacy. </B><I>This Code contains provisions that are considered necessary for safety. Compliance therewith and proper maintenance will result in an installation that is essentially free from hazard but not necessarily efficient, convenient, or adequate for good service or future expansion of electrical use</I> </div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>(C) Intention.</B></FONT><I> This Code is </I><I><B><U>not intended as a design specification</U></B></I><I> or an instruction manual for untrained persons.</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>725.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers remote-control, signaling, and power-limited circuits that are not an integral part of a device or appliance.</I> </div> <div> <B>760.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers the installation of wiring and equipment of fire alarm systems including all circuits controlled and powered by the fire alarm system.</I> </div> <div> <B>800.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers telephone, telegraph (except radio), outside wiring for fire alarm and burglar alarm, and similar central station systems; and telephone systems not connected to a central station system but using similar types of equipment, methods of installation, and maintenance.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question :<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="romax_wiring_11112005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Romax wiring 11/11/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I am a home inspector in Illinois. Recently had a client call me back three months after an inspection to tell me all of the romex wiring in her basement, and garage must be replaced, as electricians told her is was not a safe method of wiring, and did not comply with building codes. </B></div> <div> <B>I need a professional opinion here. Is or is not Romex a safe and reliable method of wiring in a home? is or is not Romex found in about 85% of the homes across the country? Should a home inspector who covers multiple towns, multiple counties, multiple villages, etc. be expected to know what the specific building codes are for each location he inspects? I know for a fact that this location falls under the National Electric Code 2002 version, according to their building codes posted on the municipality's web site. Doesn't the NEC 2002 plainly state that Romex is perfectly acceptable? Why then is this electrician trying to make her spend $5000 to replace all of the wiring with rigid conduit, when the code states Romex is acceptable? </B></div> <div> <B>Any advice, or input would be greatly appreciated as I am going to have to resolve this dispute hopefully avoiding the courtroom! </B></div> <div> <B>Sincerely, </B></div> <div> <B>John </B></div> <bR> <div> Your observations are correct. NM-B is approved for installation on all dwelling in the 2002 NEC. You have stated that the State of Illinois has adopted the 2002 NEC. I am sure that there are some municipalities that have some restrictions on the use of NM-B. One thing to remember, if you are inspecting in multiple counties, you need to know if the municipalities have local ordinances. Do some homework. You mentioned that you were called back three months later after an inspection. Are you talking about your inspection or an Illinois Inspectors inspection? Was the wiring existing or were you hired to inspect the electricians work? If the wiring is existing, the electrician can't force anyone to rewire their home. Is there a local government inspection department? If there is, give them a call. Maybe you should get the customer to get two more licensed electricians to look at the job and give her an estimate. I don't think court will be an issue.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="differance_of_single___double_pole"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Difference of single & double pole breaker 11/7/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello, </B></div> <div> <B>I'm adding 3 circuits to my home panel. I see there are single and double pole breakers but I don't know the difference and when either are required. </B></div> <div> <B>A) What is the difference between a single pole 20 amp circuit breaker and a double pole circuit breaker? </B></div> <div> <B>B) Are there any NEC codes that restrict the use of one over the other. </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks</B></div> <bR> <div> Since you are questionable about the difference from a single pole breaker and a double pole breaker, I am questionable about you installing any breakers inside your home panel. My advice is for you to have a qualified electrician to install the breakers. Opening a panel without electrical knowledge can cause you a serious shock or burn if not installed correctly. </div> <bR> <div> I can give you a simple explanation of a single and double pole breaker. 99% of the receptacle outlets in your home are 120 volts and are protected by a single pole breaker (or fuse from older panels). Those single pole breakers protect your kitchen, bedrooms, lights, bathrooms, outside outlets, basement, garage, etc. When you see a double pole breaker, they are used to control a circuit that requires twice the voltage. 120 volts on each breaker will give you 240 volts (220 volts or 230 volts in some states), depending on the power company. If you look at the label in the panel, it should tell you what circuit it is protecting. Most circuits that use 240 volts are your water heaters, range, oven, cook tops, air conditioners, electric heaters, furnace, dryer, outside pool pumps, etc.</div> <bR> <div> The panel can contain up to a maximum of 42 total (combination single or double pole) breakers without violating the connected load or the manufactures maximum listing or label of the panel. Be safe.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="tankless_water_heater_1122005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Tankless water heater 11/2/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed, </B></div> <div> <B>I just found your site today, thank you for all the information. I want to install a LP Tankless water heater. The unit I am looking at is sealed combustion unit, with outside air intake. Is there a minimum clearance it needs to be from my electrical service panel? </B></div> <div> <B>Thank You,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Craig Lee </B></div> <bR> <div> I don't think your question is complete. Is the Tankless water heater located in front of the service equipment? All service equipment shall have a minimum of 3 foot clearance in front and 30 inches wide.</div> <bR> <div> <B>110.26 Spaces About Electrical Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <I>Sufficient access and working space shall be provided and maintained about all electric equipment to permit ready and safe operation and maintenance of such equipment. Enclosures housing electrical apparatus that are controlled by lock and key shall be considered accessible to qualified persons</I>. </div> <div> <B>(A) Working Space</B>.<I> Working space for equipment operating at 600 volts, nominal, or less to ground and likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized shall comply with the dimensions of 110.26(A)(1), (2), and (3) or as required or permitted elsewhere in this Code.</I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="143586f0.png" border=0 width="600" height="367" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Please maintain your clearance.<FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id22_eric_i_can_see_what.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2005 NE"><U>(back to Eric)</U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="disconnecting_means_1112005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Disconnecting means 11/1/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>If you have a fused disconnect switch at a central point of distribution feeding a single building is there a need for your panel being fed by this disconnect to have a main breaker?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thank You,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Don</B></div> <bR> <div> No! Since this is a single building or structure, a second disconnect shall not be required. If you think about it, a single family dwelling or a single service building has a main fuse or circuit breaker outside and a feeder panelboard inside with up to 42 branch circuits per panel. </div> <div> If you had more than one building or structure on the same property under single management, then you have to comply with Article 225.30. You will have to have a single disconnect in or near the panelboard. </div> <bR> <div> <B>225.30 Number of Supplies.</B> </div> <div> <I>Where more than one building or other structure is on the same property and under single management, each additional building or other structure served that is on the load side of the service disconnecting means shall be supplied by one feeder or branch circuit unless permitted in 225.30(A) through (E). For the purpose of this section, a multiwire branch circuit shall be considered a single circuit.</I> </div> <div> <B>225.31 Disconnecting Means.</B> </div> <div> <I>Means shall be provided for disconnecting all ungrounded conductors that supply or pass through the building or structure.</I> </div> <div> <B>225.32 Location.</B> </div> <div> <I>The disconnecting means shall be installed</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I> either inside or outside of the building or structure served or where the conductors pass through the building or structure. The disconnecting means shall be at a readily accessible location nearest the point of entrance of the conductors.</I></FONT><I> For the purposes of this section, the requirements in 230.6 shall be permitted to be utilized.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="outlet_under_kitchen_counter_10262005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Outlet under kitchen counter 10/26/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I wish to install outlets on the bottom of my kitchen cabinets. They will be slightly more than 20 inches above the counter which I believer to be an issue. The intent is to avoid making holes in my back splash. </B></div> <div> <B>The best way to connect them would appear to make runs from the existing outlet boxes (which will be covered over with Granite) and bring them thru the wall between the granite and cabinet bottoms.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>How many code violations do you see? </B></div> <div> <B>I am going to do it one way or the other so could you recommend what I need to do for the run from the existing boxes to the outlets that will be on the bottom of the cabinets. </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you very much for this assistance</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>G. M. </B></div> <bR> <div> I see several violations from your statement. You already made the comment "slightly more than 20 inches above the countertop". I don't know what "slightly" means to you. The existing boxes shall be accessible if the conductors remain in the boxes. The conductors shall be no less than 1 1/4 inches back into the stud wall and there shall be a junction box for the receptacles or plug mold strips not greater than 20 inches above the countertop.</div> <bR> <div> <B>300.15 Boxes, Conduit Bodies, or Fittings — Where Required.</B> </div> <div> <I>Where the wiring method is conduit, tubing, Type AC cable, Type MC cable, Type MI cable, nonmetallic-sheathed cable, or other cables, a box or conduit body complying with Article 314 shall be installed at each conductor splice point, outlet point, switch point, junction point, termination point, or pull point, unless otherwise permitted in 300.15(A) through (M).</I> </div> <div> <B>(A) Wiring Methods with Interior Access</B>. <I>A box or conduit body shall not be required for each splice, junction, switch, pull, termination, or outlet points in wiring methods with removable covers, such as wireways, multi outlet assemblies, auxiliary gutters, and surface raceways. The covers shall be accessible after installation.</I> </div> <div> <B>300.4 Protection Against Physical Damage.</B> </div> <div> <I>Where subject to physical damage, conductors shall be adequately protected.</I> </div> <div> <B>(A) Cables and Raceways Through Wood Members</B>. </div> <div> <B>(1) Bored Holes</B>. <I>In both exposed and concealed locations, where a cable- or raceway-type wiring method is installed through bored holes in joists, rafters, or wood members, holes shall be bored so that the edge of the hole is not less than 32 mm (11/4 in.) from the nearest edge of the wood member. Where this distance cannot be maintained, the cable or raceway shall be protected from penetration by screws or nails by a steel plate or bushing, at least 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) thick, and of appropriate length and width installed to cover the area of the wiring.</I> </div> <div> <B>(B) Small Appliances.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Countertops.</B> <I>In kitchens and dining rooms of dwelling units, receptacle outlets for counter spaces shall be installed in accordance with 210.52(C)(1) through (5).</I> </div> <div> <B>(5) Receptacle Outlet Location</B>. <I>Receptacle outlets shall be located above, but not more than 500 mm (20 in.) above, the countertop. Receptacle outlets rendered not readily accessible by appliances fastened in place, appliance garages, or appliances occupying dedicated space shall not be considered as these required outlets.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="600_volt_disconnect_10232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>600 volt disconnect 10/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Can you mount a 600v 30amp disconnect switch directly over a 480 volt grinder by code ?</B></div> <bR> <div> By code, you would be in violation of 110.26 </div> <bR> <div> <B>110.26 Spaces About Electrical Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <I>Sufficient access and working space shall be provided and maintained about all electric equipment to permit ready and safe operation and maintenance of such equipment. Enclosures housing electrical apparatus that are controlled by lock and key shall be considered accessible to qualified persons.</I></div> <bR> <div> Key to understanding 110.26 is the division of requirements for spaces about electrical equipment in two separate and distinct categories: working space and dedicated equipment space. Working space generally applies to the protection of the worker, and dedicated equipment space applies to the space reserved for future access to electrical equipment and to protection of the equipment from intrusion by non electrical equipment. The performance requirements for all spaces about electrical equipment are set forth in the first sentence. Storage of materials that blocks access or prevents safe work practices must be avoided at all times. </div> <bR> <div> <B>(A) Working Space.</B> <I>Working space for equipment operating at 600 volts, nominal, or less to ground and likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized shall comply with the dimensions of 110.26(A)(1), (2), and (3) or as required or permitted elsewhere in this Code</I>.</div> <div> The intent of 110.26(A) is to provide enough space for personnel to perform any of the operations listed without jeopardizing worker safety. These operations include examination, adjustment, servicing, and maintenance of equipment. Examples of such equipment include panelboards, switches, circuit breakers, controllers, and controls on heating and air-conditioning equipment.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><U> It is important to understand that the word examination, as used in 110.26(A), includes such tasks as checking for the presence of voltage using a portable voltmeter. </U></FONT></div> <div> Minimum working clearances are not required if the equipment is such that it is not likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized. However, “sufficient” access and working space are still required by the opening paragraph of 110.26. </div> <bR> <div> <B>404.8 Accessibility and Grouping.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Location.</B> <I>All switches and circuit breakers used as switches shall be located so that they may be operated from a readily accessible place. They shall be installed so that the center of the grip of the operating handle of the switch or circuit breaker, when in its highest position, is not more than 2.0 m (6 ft 7 in.) above the floor or working platform.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="smoke_alarm_interconnect_10232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Smoke alarm interconnect 10/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I recently installed three alarms in my house, 120 volt, battery backup, w/ interconnect. I have inadvertently hooked my power supply to the yellow interconnect wire. Now that I have properly wired it the units work individually, but not all at once, Could I have damaged the alarms interconnect by doing this?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Greg</B></div> <bR> <div> Are you referring to alarms or smoke detectors? There is a great possibility of a definite confirmed maybe, that you may have damaged the smoke detector or alarm system. I have connected many alarms and smoke detectors, but didn't have a yellow wire. If you hook up smoke detectors that are interconnected, the three wire on the 120 volt side is black white and red. The other system is a heat detector. I'm not sure we are on the same page. Find the instructions manual and check your wiring method. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="hvac_receptacle_10232005_1"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>HVAC receptacle 10/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi. Who job is it to put the maintenance recp outside for a new air conditioner unit. Is it the HVAC person installing the unit or an electricians job. This is on an apartment complex. Thanks Vince</B></div> <bR> <div> Well Vince, that is a question only the State and local jurisdiction can answer. The State of Georgia has given the HVAC contractors the right to install a branch circuit from a panelboard to the equipment they are installing. They are limited a structure or building service that is limited to a 200 amp, single phase. They cannot install a service or feeder just to install a branch circuit.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="reciprocal_bathlightfan_10172005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Reciprocal bathlight/fan 10/17/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello, </B></div> <div> <B>As a reciprocal view of this is there a requirement to have the fan and light on the same switch leg if there is no window in the bathroom? See </B><A HREF="#code_requirement_of_bathroom_lightfan" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><B><U>Code requirement for bathroom light/fan 7/5/2005</U></B></U></A><B> </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks, </B></div> <div> <B>Tom</B></div> <bR> <div> The switch requirement doesn't change with or without a window. Some municipalities want the fan/light to be on one switch so that you can air out the bathroom at the same time the light is on. Without the window, you won't be able to remove the odor if the fan is not on. I personally install one switch in the bathrooms I wired up. We both know some people think their stuff don't stink.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="afi_s_10102005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>AFI'S 10/10/2005</B> </div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="624" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 153 WIDTH="620"><div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>Just had a new breaker box installed in my home. Electrician installed 3 AFI'S. Now I notice I have a hum coming from the box. When I turn off the AFI's the hum stops. Is this normal for AFI's to be a little noisy? Never have been exposed to these before, house had a fuse box originally. Could this just be the nature of the beast? Any information would be greatly appreciated. </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you, </B></div> <div> <B>Charles </B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> The AFI'S you are referring to are Arc-fault breakers. There are a few arc-fault breakers that are a little noisy. There are several possibilities that could be wrong. A defective breaker, loose connection, or a bad ballast connected on that circuit. Hopefully you had a qualified electrical contractor that can figure out the problem.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="conductor_crosssection_1062005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Conductor cross-section 10/6/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Where would I find the cross-sectional area of bare, stranded or solid conductors ? Is there a specific place to look ? Trying to learn the code Thank you.</B></div> <bR> <div> Table 9 Alternating-Current Resistance and Reactance for 600-Volt Cables, 3-Phase, 60 Hz, 75°C (167°F) — Three Single Conductors in Conduit (Page 625 in the soft paper back) 2002 NEC</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="receptacle_calculation_1032005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Receptacle calculation 10/3/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Greetings.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>In calculating load, I assume that "multiple outlet on a single yoke" is</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>a duplex receptacle and it is calculated as one? In other words is a</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>duplex receptacle considered as one or two outlets? </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Michael</B></div> <bR> <div> It is only counted as one outlet. The total calculated load on this outlet device is 180 volt amps. See diagram below </div> <bR> <div> <B>220.3 Computation of Branch Circuit Loads.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) </B>Other Loads — All Occupancies. </div> <div> <B>(9)</B><I> Receptacle Outlets. Except as covered in 220.3(B)(10), receptacle outlets shall be computed at not less than 180 volt-amperes for each single or for each multiple receptacle on one yoke. A single piece of equipment consisting of a multiple receptacle comprised of four or more receptacles shall be computed at not less than 90 volt-amperes per receptacle.</I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="1448fc10.png" border=0 width="399" height="193" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="transfer_switch_9282005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Transfer switch 9/28/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed -</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I saw your notes on minimum space around the breaker panel as 30" minimum.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Unfortunately, the builders put my breaker panel on a basement wall that is</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>30" wide, bounded by a concrete wall on one side and a window opening on the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>other. I am going to install a transfer switch for a generator, but don't</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>know how best to do this. Do I mount a panel on the concrete wall adjacent</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>to the main panel and connect the two via an elbowed/90 degree piece of</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>conduit?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks in advance!</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Chris</B></div> <bR> <div> Dear Chris: </div> <div> I'm sorry I didn't answer your question sooner. I just noticed the question was on the web site, but no answer. The location of the panelboard is not a problem at all. As long as you maintain your 3 foot clearance in front of the equipment and 30 inch wide elbow room you'll be OK. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="#main_breaker_clearence_8152005" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>see main breaker clearance</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="pool_lights_9262005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Pool lights 9/26/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>how far do lights have to be from the edge of the swimming pool</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Raul</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>San Antonio TX.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>680.22 Area Lighting, Receptacles, and Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Luminaries (Lighting Fixtures)</B>, Lighting Outlets, and Ceiling-Suspended (Paddle) Fans. </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> New Outdoor Installation Clearances. In outdoor pool areas, luminaries (lighting fixtures), lighting outlets, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans installed above the pool or the area extending 1.5 m <B>(5 ft) horizontally</B> <B>from the inside walls of the pool </B>shall be installed at a height not less than 3.7 m <B>(12 ft) above the maximum water level </B>of the pool.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="townhome_buildings_9232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Townhouse buildings 9/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>what can be done about county electrical inspection departments that are commonly miss interpreting the code ? they have no amendments and will not discuss the issues other than to say that's the way the see it. These are common things which they are getting wrong . badly they really seem lost. </B></div> <div> <B>2) when slab grounding a 6 unit Townhouse building using a meter pack on one end </B></div> <div> <B>is one stub out of building steel correct. If all the footing steel is tied together the units will drop 2 feet per unit </B></div> <bR> <div> (1). This is more of a legal question then a code question. There will always be some lack of knowledge of code in any municipality where there is no mandatory training or interest in their departments. It's not easy for some inspectors if they have to inspect more than one type of inspection. See: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="The Authority Having Jurisdiction"><U><U>The Authority Having Jurisdiction</U></U></A></FONT><A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="The Authority Having Jurisdiction"><U> </U></A></div> <div> (2). Your question is not clear to me. You said the meter pack is on one side, but are the mains over there also? </div> <div> Since Townhouses have come to light in the building it has become a great nightmare for contractors and inspectors to understand the proper wiring method. I will try to make it clear to all that reads this article. If the footing rebar's are bonded together, you still have to bond at each unit. I have yet to see the builder tie the footings together on firewall footings.</div> <bR> <div> I'll narrow it down to two choices: Meter packs without mains. Meter packs with mains. </div> <div> 1. Meter packs without mains<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > shall be bonded to the rebar in the footing or two ground rods (250.56). All of the service conductors shall be 3- wire insulated conductors (not SEU) run outside of each unit (like a back to back service) to a main overcurrent device inside. Each unit shall have the grounding electrode bonded to the rebar at that location. According to article 250.32 they are separate buildings. (What a pain!)</FONT></div> <div> <B>250.32 Two or More Buildings or Structures Supplied from a Common Service.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Grounding Electrode.</B> <I>Where two or more buildings or structures are supplied from a common ac service by a feeder(s) or branch circuit(s), the grounding electrode(s) required in Part III of this article at each building or structure shall be connected in the manner specified in 250.32(B) or (C). Where there are no existing grounding electrodes, the grounding electrode(s) required in Part III of this article shall be installed.</I> </div> <div> <B>(B) Grounded Systems.</B><I> For a grounded system at the separate building or structure, the connection to the grounding electrode and grounding or bonding of equipment, structures, or frames required to be grounded or bonded shall comply with either 250.32(B)(1) or (2).</I></div> <bR> <div> 2. Meter packs with 6 main disconnects <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >shall also be bonded to the rebar from the main or to two ground rods (250.56). You can still run a 3- wire service conductor or a 4-wire feeder conductor (not SEU or SER) run outside of each unit. You still have to have mains inside each unit and bond to the rebar at that unit. If you installed a 3-wire cable, the equipment ground and the neutral bar shall be bonded together with the main bond screw installed. If you installed a 4-wire cable (which is more costly), you have to bond the equipment ground to the rebar. Ground rods shall only be required in the same manor if no other grounding means were available.</FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="1458f780.png" border=0 width="399" height="376" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <B>(D) Disconnecting Means Located in Separate Building or Structure on the Same Premises.</B> <I>Where one or more disconnecting means supply one or more additional buildings or structures under single management, and where these disconnecting means are located remote from those buildings or structures in accordance with the provisions of 225.32, Exception Nos. 1 and 2, all of the following conditions shall be met: </I></div> <div> <I><B>(1)</B></I><I> The connection of the grounded circuit conductor to the grounding electrode at a separate building or structure shall not be made. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(2)</B></I><I> An equipment grounding conductor for grounding any non–current-carrying equipment, interior metal piping systems, and building or structural metal frames is run with the circuit conductors to a separate building or structure and bonded to existing grounding electrode(s) required in Part III of this article, or, where there are no existing electrodes, the grounding electrode(s) required in Part III of this article shall be installed where a separate building or structure is supplied by more than one branch circuit. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(3)</B></I><I> Bonding the equipment grounding conductor to the grounding electrode at a separate building or structure shall be made in a junction box, panelboard, or similar enclosure located immediately inside or outside the separate building or structure.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="i_need_help_9102005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>I need help 9/10/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>1. What size thwn copper conductors are required to supply continuous load of 13 amp. </B></div> <div> <B>2. the minimum length of free conductor required by NEC to be left in the boxes for splices is___measured from the point in the box where it emerges from its raceway. and what codes it can be found. </B></div> <div> <B>3. a circuit breaker that reads 20 on the handle can only be expected to trip___ times before it requires replacement. </B></div> <bR> <div> (1). Since you are asking about a singe branch circuit, the calculation shall be 125% of the continuous load. 1.25 X 13 = 16.25 amps. </div> <div> <B>210.19 Conductors — Minimum Ampacity and Size.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Branch Circuits Not More Than 600 Volts.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <I>General. Branch-circuit conductors shall have an ampacity not less than the maximum load to be served. Where a branch circuit supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous and noncontiguous loads, the minimum branch-circuit conductor size, before the application of any adjustment or correction factors, shall have an allowable ampacity not less than the noncontiguous load plus 125 percent of the continuous load.</I> </div> <div> The conductor size shall be based on the wiring method you are using. Since you mentioned THWN copper, I will assume that the wiring terminals and the devices are rated in the 75 degree column. Table 310.16 shows that a 14 awg conductor can be used. The overcurrent protection is another concern. It can be larger than a 15 amp overcurrent device if it is a motor or allowed elsewhere in this code.</div> <bR> <div> <B>240.4 Protection of Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <B>(D) Small Conductors. </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>Unless specifically permitted in 240.4(E) through (G),</I></FONT><I> the overcurrent protection shall not exceed 15 amperes for 14 AWG, 20 amperes for 12 AWG, and 30 amperes for 10 AWG copper; or 15 amperes for 12 AWG and 25 amperes for 10 AWG aluminum and copper-clad aluminum after any correction factors for ambient temperature and number of conductors have been applied.</I></div> <div> (2). <B>300.14 Length of Free Conductors at Outlets, Junctions, and Switch Points.</B> </div> <div> <I>At least 150 mm (6 in.) of free conductor, measured from the point in the box where it emerges from its raceway or cable sheath, shall be left at each outlet, junction, and switch point for splices or the connection of luminaries (fixtures) or devices. Where the opening to an outlet, junction, or switch point is less than 200 mm (8 in.) in any dimension, each conductor shall be long enough to extend at least 75 mm (3 in.) outside the opening.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception: Conductors that are not spliced or terminated at the outlet, junction, or switch point shall not be required to comply with 300.14.</I></div> <div> (3). This question can only be answered by the manufacture of that breaker. How many times can a cell battery be recharged? Every manufacture has a different level of reliability.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="paralleled_conductors_912005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Paralleled conductors 9/1/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>IF branch circuit, feeder, or service conductors must be paralleled because of the high magnitude of full load current, what is the minimum wire size that can be paralleled ? Thank you and GOD Bless.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>310.4 Conductors in Parallel.</B> </div> <div> <I>Aluminum, copper-clad aluminum, or copper conductors of</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><B> size 1/0 AWG and larger</B></I></FONT><I>, comprising each phase, neutral, or grounded circuit conductor, shall be permitted to be connected in parallel (electrically joined at both ends to form a single conductor).</I></div> <div> Conductors connected in parallel, in accordance with 310.4, are considered a single conductor with a total cross-sectional area of all conductors in parallel. Therefore, if individual conductors are tapped from conductors in parallel, the tap connection must include all the conductors in parallel for that particular phase. Tapping into only one of the parallel conductors will result in unbalanced distribution of tap load current between parallel conductors. This will result in one of the conductors carrying more than its share of the load, which can cause overheating and conductor insulation failure. For example, if a 250-kcmil conductor is tapped from a set of two 500-kcmil conductors in parallel, the splicing device must include both 500-kcmil conductors and the single 250-kcmil tap conductor. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="no_outside_disconnect_8232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>No outside disconnect 8/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, just came across your web site - lots of great information. I didn't see my question answered, so hopefully you can help. I'm looking at upgrading my service to 400 amp and have a question regarding bonding of the grounded conductor. Currently, the panel is located in the garage with the meter on the opposite side of the wall. There is no outside disconnect and the main is located in the panel. </B></div> <div> <B>I assume do to the close proximity of the meter to the panel, no outside disconnects will be required. Am I correct here? What I plan to do is use a 320 amp double lug meter socket and locate 2- 200 amp panels on the opposite side of the wall with the main breakers in the breaker panels. I assume I would need to attach the conductor from the ground rod in the meter socket itself. Can I attach the ground rod at the meter socket and run 3 wire cable to each 200 amp panel, using a bonding jumper in each panel? Or must I separate the ground and neutral in the panels and run 4 wire cable to the meter socket? </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks in advance for any help you can provide. </B></div> <div> <B>-Derek</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Hampton, Georgia</B></div> <bR> <div> From the information you have given me, it looks like you're going in the right direction. I will make a few points to you since I can't see your service. There are several articles you need to look at to insure that you are in compliance. </div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >(1) I noticed you said that you are installing a 320 amp double lug meter socket. The chances that your demand will exceed 320 amps is very slim, but possible. I don't know why you are going to a 400 amp service. </FONT><U>(</U><A HREF="#100_amp_vs_200_amp_2232005" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>See 100 amp vs 200 amp</U></U></A><U>)</U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (2) Be sure that both mains are grouped together in the garage. Article 230.70 & 230.72 and maintain 3 foot clearance in front of the main services. </div> <div> (3) Make sure that your local jurisdiction doesn't have a local ordinance restricting the new installation. </div> <div> (4) If there are water pipes in the garage, they shall be bonded. Article 250 grounding</div> <bR> <div> You don't need the 4 wire cable coming from the meter enclosure. Where are you going to terminate an equipment ground and a grounded conductor (neutral) in your main? Remember, if they both terminate on the ground bar in the meter and the ground in the main, wouldn't they be paralleled? If they are paralleled, they shall be the same size, type, insulation, etc. See 310.4 parallel conductors. I don't know of any manufactures that make the equipment ground the same size as the neutral. One more point, did you notice on <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>SEU Service</B></FONT> (3-wire) cable that the <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>grounded conductor</B></FONT> is bare and the <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B>SER Feeder</B></FONT><B> </B>(4-wire)<B> </B>cable has an<B> </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B>insulated neutral</B></FONT> conductor?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="main_breaker_clearence_8152005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Main breaker Clearance 8/15/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Mr. Stubbs,</B></div> <div> <B>I am planning on installing a media central wiring box for my </B></div> <div> <B>video/Internet/phone system, and I'd like to flush mount it underneath </B></div> <div> <B>(between the same two studs as) my flush-mounted main breaker panel in </B></div> <div> <B>my finished garage. As a result it will be approx 5 inches away from the </B></div> <div> <B>edge of the main panel. I am uncertain if the 36 x 30 rule would be </B></div> <div> <B>violated - does it apply to something that is flush mounted? The media </B></div> <div> <B>center cover sticks out about 1/4" from the wall.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Glenn</B></div> <bR> <div> Not a problem at all. The Clearance required by Article 110.26 and 110.32 are for a safe working Clearance in front of the equipment and basically elbow room to side of the equipment to be clear from making contact with a grounded surface. Since the equipment you plan to install will be flush to the finish surface, you still have the 30 inch wide space that is required.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="14690fe0.png" border=0 width="400" height="254" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: Mailto: edstubbs1@comcast.net</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="resturant_outlets_8112005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Restaurant outlets 8/11/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>What does the code require for receptacles in restaurants. How many are required for general use and how far apart? Not for kitchen.</B></div> <bR> <div> Not like single and multifamily dwellings, or motels and hotels, there are <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >no requirements</FONT> except for design by the owners or the engineers. Where dwelling<B> are</B> required, the NEC requires convenient outlets to reduce the use of extension cords and multiple plug-in adaptors. Commercial restaurants outlets are installed by demand and general use receptacles are the choice of the owner, engineer and the contractor. There is no minimum or maximum distance between outlets. Article 220 does require a general-use outlet of 1 watt /sq. ft. calculation for areas without outlets and 180 VA per outlet where outlets will be installed. Article 210 gives required outlet location and distance.</div> <bR> <div> <B>220.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article provides requirements for computing branch-circuit, feeder, and service loads.</I> </div> <div> <B>220.3 Computation of Branch Circuit Loads.</B> </div> <div> <I>Branch-circuit loads shall be computed as shown in 220.3(A) through (C)</I>. </div> <div> <B>(B) Other Loads</B> —<I> All Occupancies. In all occupancies, the minimum load for each outlet for general-use receptacles and outlets not used for general illumination shall not be less than that computed in 220.3(B)(1) through (11), the loads shown being based on nominal branch-circuit voltages.</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(9)</B></I><I> Receptacle Outlets. Except as covered in 220.3(B)(10), receptacle outlets shall be computed at not less than 180 volt-amperes for each single or for each multiple receptacle on one yoke. A single piece of equipment consisting of a multiple receptacle comprised of four or more receptacles shall be computed at not less than 90 volt-amperes per receptacle.</I> </div> <div> <I>This provision shall not be applicable to the receptacle outlets specified in 210.11(C)(1) and (2).</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(10)</B></I><I> Dwelling Occupancies. In one-family, two-family, and multifamily dwellings and in guest rooms of hotels and motels, the outlets specified in (1), (2), and (3) are included in the general lighting load calculations of 220.3(A). No additional load calculations shall be required for such outlets.</I> </div> <bR> <div> <B>III. Required Outlets</B> </div> <div> <B>210.50 General.</B> </div> <div> <I>Receptacle outlets shall be installed as specified in 210.52 through 210.63.</I> </div> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>This section provides requirements for 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacle outlets. Receptacle outlets required by this section shall be in addition to any receptacle that is part of a luminaries (lighting fixture) or appliance, located within cabinets or cupboards, or located more than 1.7 m (51/2 ft) above the floor.</B> </div> <bR> <div> <B>210.60 Guest Rooms.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) </B><I>General. Guest rooms in hotels, motels, and similar occupancies shall have receptacle outlets installed in accordance with 210.52(A) and 210.52(D). Guest rooms meeting the definition of a dwelling unit shall have receptacle outlets installed in accordance with all of the applicable rules in 210.52.</I></div> <div> As I stated before, Part III of Chapter 2 doesn't have minimum required outlets for other then dwelling occupancies.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="underground_wiring_832005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Underground wiring 8/3/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>hello.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>I am new to this game and would appreciate your thoughts.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>I am building a house. About 1600 square feet. Nothing unusual in regard to power requirements...200 amps.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>The meter pole is 150 away. I would like to run underground wiring from the pole to the house disconnect. My question is what size wire would I need for this so that I would not be concerned about voltage drop? Some say 2, others 3. Which is bigger? I cant find anything on the web that would help.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Randy</B></div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >As I mentioned in one of my earlier answers </FONT><U>(</U><A HREF="#new_service_4272005" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>New service 4/27/2005</U></U></A><U>)</U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >, the underground service conductor are usually installed by the power company. The customer installs the meter enclosure and the main. If you are in an area where the owners install their own service conductors, you need to get an electrical contractor to pick an approved wiring method. The electrician can install an approved burial cable or install a properly sized raceway with insulated service conductors of 2/0 copper or 4/0 aluminum. </FONT></div> <div> Be safe.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="generator_hookup_542005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Generator hookup 5/4/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>Because of intermittent power failures and the fact I am on a well (240 volt motor), I purchased a generator a number of years ago and had a transfer switch installed. Besides my well, I have circuits for my refrigerator, freezer and sump pump in the transfer box. My old Coleman generator had a NEMA 6-30 outlet 240v 30 amp receptacle, so my electrician made up a NEMA 6-30 cable with male on the generator end and female on the end that plugged into the house which had a male 'receptacle'. The cord is 3 wire. The outlet box is also 3 - wire going into the main breaker on the generator side of the transfer switch box. All has been fine with this setup to this point. However, I just purchased a new replacement generator that has a NEMA L14-30 outlet. This, of course, is intended for 4-wire. Is there any way to properly convert this to NEMA 6-30? I tend to think that to do the job properly, I need to create a 4 wire extension cord with NEMA L14-30 twist locks (male on one end female on the other), replace the 6-30 male receptacle with a L14-30 receptacle. If I do this, however, I will, I presume, have to change the feed from the outlet to the sub-panel to 4-wire. I guess what I am wondering is if it is proper to install both ground and neutral on the neutral bar in the transfer box then connect the hot wires to the 'generator side'. Or can I simply connect the 3 wire in some fashion to the outlet mounted on the house (seems too makeshift to me - and ungrounded). Or perhaps I need to do something else altogether. I am considering doing the job myself as I can simply throw the breaker on the main panel that feeds the transfer switch and change components out in complete safety. I can easily see how the old circuit (outlet to transfer switch) was wired by the electrician. My biggest issues are 1) what works and 2) what is in code. Please comment. </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you!! </B></div> <div> <B>A Wenger</B></div> <bR> <div> Mr. Wenger, I'm sorry that I didn't answer your question sooner. I overlooked it by mistake. I'm sure you have figured out how to resolve this question by now.</div> <bR> <div> If I am reading your question right, you electrician connected up a 3-wire generator to a 4-wire panelboard! </div> <div> Was there a ground rod driven near the generator? If not please do it. You can still use the 3-wire cable already installed as long as you ground the generator and not bond the ground and neutral together in the transfer box. You do not want the equipment grounding conductor to become a current carrying conductor. You also have to bond the generator frame to grounded bar to prevent a shock hazard, the same as your main service in the home. </div> <div> If you have decided to rewire for the 4-wire cable, you shall maintain the separate ground and neutral in the transfer box. The equipment ground and neutral shall be bonded together in the generator. This is not a separately derived system. (See article 250.30)</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="let_the_code_decide_522005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Let the code decide 5/2/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>I stumbled across your web site today in doing some research, and have been very impressed with your responses. Would you mind checking me on a few things? </B></div> <div> <B>I just moved into a home in Syracuse, Utah having 100 amp service (main) to a breaker panel load center in the attached garage (with no sub panels). From the Main, all the electrical routes up to the attic, and down to the respective rooms (including the basement). The wiring is, for the most part, old (I believe it's called BX...It's not Knob and Tube, it's whatever came after that) which shows signs of past problems (e.g., shorts, brittle insulation, etc.). </B></div> <div> <B>The home was "inspected" by the Veterans Affairs for the VA Backed Loan, and much to my surprise passed with flying colors. The day I moved in, I found burned outlets, and other 'scary' things which I decided to investigate further. Every outlet in the home is a three-prong receptacle...upon further inspection, no ground wire exists to any of the ground prongs and in many cases, there aren't even receptacle boxes--just holes in the wall where the receptacle is directly mounted to the wall. (I believe this to be in violation of NEC; I believe Utah's on the 2005 version now; but, even if we're still on the 2002, I'm sure it's a violation). I've found that the entire kitchen is wired directly from </B><B><U>one leg</U></B><B> of the 220V outlet supplying power to the stove; and much , much more. </B></div> <div> <B>Given the fact that the wiring is mostly old brittle cable, and no ground wires are run anywhere; not to mention the strange way they got power for the 110V outlets in the kitchen, I've decided to rewire the home as I remodel each room (One room at a time). Here's what I intend to do: </B></div> <div> <B>In the basement, directly beneath the wall where the current main is located, I would like to bring in an electrician to wire in a new 100 A sub panel. Then, instead of me routing new wiring up to the attic and back down to the respective circuits, I will run new wiring (going to use 12/2 instead of 14/2) 'up' to the respective circuits, connecting them into the new sub panel. As I eliminate the need for an old breaker from the main, I will terminate the old wires, and remove the breaker, until all of my wiring is thru the new sub panel. This will leave none of this old wiring in use. </B></div> <div> <B>Once all of the wiring has been replaced, I will once again call out an electrician to do two things. 1st, upgrade my service to 200 A service, and 2nd to replace the new sub panel with a new 200 A Main. (Next year, I'd like to add central air, and a few other 'amp heavy' items for which 200 A service would be preferred.) </B></div> <div> <B>Does this sound logical? </B></div> <div> <B>I had originally intended on purchasing a 200 A Main, and using it as a 100 A sub panel (with a 100 A breaker on the main) until the service was upgraded, so that I did not have to buy a whole new sub panel right after I get done rewiring, but, I wasn't sure if this would be considered 'legal'. </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks Much </B></div> <div> <B>Lance</B></div> <bR> <div> Sounds like you have a plan. From the information that you have given me, you do have wiring problems. It sounds like you the old armored cable (AC) without the bonding strip inside. The older BX is a brand name cable without the bonding strip inside. Article 320 requires a bond with the conductors.</div> <bR> <div> <B>320.100 Construction.</B> </div> <div> <I>Type AC cable shall have an armor of flexible metal tape and shall have an internal bonding strip of copper or aluminum in intimate contact with the armor for its entire length.</I> </div> <div> The armor of Type AC cable is recognized as an equipment grounding conductor by 250.118. The required internal bonding strip can be simply cut off at the termination of the armored cable, or it can be bent back on the armor. It is not necessary to connect it to an equipment grounding terminal. It reduces the inductive reactance of the spiral armor and increases the armor's effectiveness as an equipment ground. Many installers use this strip to help prevent the insulating bushing required by 320.40 (the “red head”) from falling out during rough wiring.</div> <div> You are correct about your grounding, missing boxes and your wiring not being legal. One thing I will not encourage you to do is to rewire your own house. Leave that up to the trained electrical contractor. I know prices may be high for some electrical contractors, but safe and proper wiring is more important. Think of all the homes including your that was wired up by unqualified persons. Can you see the hazards that are involved. Trust me when I say that I have inspected thousands of homes and buildings that have burned or was a disaster waiting to happen. </div> <div> Be safe.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="new_service_4272005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>New Service 4/27/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>I am thinking about adding service to a piece of land I own in the mountains, I've got a pretty good idea where I may build a cabin in the future. I currently camp up there with a camper, so my question is if I run service to the camper can I add length to the post with the receptacle to run the service to the cabin later when I build? Also the distance from the pole to the camper is about 250 feet, the cabin future location is about 50 feet more, for a 200 amp service what gauge wire would I need? I would be trenching all of this under ground, I think, unless it would be cheaper to add an additional pole and then trench a short run. Do you have any thoughts or suggestions. Thanks, Patrick</B></div> <bR> <div> I don't think I'm qualified to answer that question since I don't know want code your state is on nor if you have a local codes to comply with. Most counties have power companies that install service drops close to the property to avoid voltage drops. It would not be an advantage to you or the power company to have voltage drops or power loss. </div> <bR> <div> What you need to do is get with your local authority or an electrical contractor for accurate information.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="pool_wiring_7222005_1"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Pool wiring 7/22/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>My question is: Why does it state in the code that the wire running from</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>my above ground pool filter to plug can not be longer than three feet?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>(i.e. Why three feet and not three and a half?)</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>This may be a silly question, but I was wondering if you knew why?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks, Suzy Homemaker</B></div> <bR> <div> No such thing as a silly question. Why not 3 1/2 ft.? Why not 4 ft.? Article 680.21(A)(5)</div> <bR> <div> <B>680.21 Motors.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Wiring Methods.</B> </div> <div> <B>(5) Cord-and-Plug Connections.</B> <I>Pool-associated motors shall be permitted to employ cord-and-plug connections. The flexible cord shall not exceed 900 mm (3 ft) in length. The flexible cord shall include an equipment grounding conductor sized in accordance with 250.122 and shall terminate in a grounding-type attachment plug.</I></div> <div> Every article in this code was submitted by someone or organization for review. Each question must be submitted in your words and substantiate for the <B>code making panel's </B>review. Once submitted for review, the panel can except it, reject it, or except it in principle. There are 12 appointed code making panel members for one or more articles of NFPA-70 association. Once the submittal is accepted by the panel, it is moved to the international panel for final approval. </div> <div> Since I don't have the information when it was introduced to code, I can't answer your question. I can refer you to the correct panel that may know why.:</div> <div> National Fire Protection Association, Inc. </div> <div> One Batterymarch Park </div> <div> Quincy, Massachusetts 02269 </div> <div> <B>CODE-MAKING PANEL NO. 20</B> </div> <div> Articles 422, 424, <B>680</B> </div> <div> Robert M. Milatovich, Chair [E] </div> <div> Clark County, NV</div> <div> Rep. Intl Association of Electrical Inspectors </div> <div> Edward S. Charkey, American Insurance Services Group, Inc., NY [I] </div> <div> Robert J. Egan, IBEW Local, MO [L] </div> <div> Rep. Intl Brotherhood of Electrical Workers </div> <div> James N. Pearse, Leviton Mfg. Co. Inc., NY [M] </div> <div> Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association </div> <div> Marcos Ramirez, Mr. Electric Service Co., Inc., NY [IM] </div> <div> Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors </div> <div> William F. Ryan, Jr., The New York Board of Fire Underwriters, NY [E] </div> <div> Herbert P. Spiegel, Corona Industrial Electric, Inc., CA [IM] </div> <div> Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association </div> <div> Donald J. Talka, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT] </div> <div> Leon T. Uhl, Leon T. Uhl, PE, IL [M] </div> <div> Rep. Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers </div> <div> (VL 680) </div> <div> Robert M. Yurkanin, Electran Process Intl Inc., NJ [U] </div> <div> Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.</div> <div> <B>Alternates</B> </div> <div> Xen George Anchales, San Bernardino County/Dept. Of Bldg. & Safety, CA [E] </div> <div> (Alt. to R. M. Milatovich) </div> <div> Dennis L. Baker, Springs & Sons Electrical Contractors Inc., AZ [IM] </div> <div> (Alt. to M. Ramirez) </div> <div> Scott Cline, McMurtrey Electric, Inc., CA [IM] </div> <div> (Alt. to H. P. Spiegel) </div> <div> Neil F. LaBrake, Jr., Niagara Mohawk Power Corp., NY [UT] </div> <div> (Voting Alt. to ELPG/EEI Rep.) </div> <div> Earle L. McNairn, BICC Pyrotenax, ON, Canada [M] </div> <div> (Alt. to J. N. Pearse) </div> <div> Anthony Sardina, Carrier Corp., NY [M] </div> <div> (Alt. to L. K. VanTassel) </div> <div> (VL 422, 424) </div> <div> Stephen P. Schoemehl, IBEW Local, MO [L] </div> <div> (Alt. to R. J. Egan) </div> <div> John T. Weizeorick, Assn. of Home Appliance Manufacturers, IL [M] </div> <div> (Alt. to L. T. Uhl) </div> <div> (VL 422, 424) </div> <div> Robert E. Wisenburg, Coates Heater Co., Inc., WA [M] </div> <div> (Alt. to L. L. West) </div> <div> (VL 680)</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="replacement_of_electrical_switch"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Placement of electrical switch 7/19/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>We are finishing a basement room to be a library. The</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>entrance will be a set of French doors (glass) that</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>open into the room. We would like to place the light</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>switch on the wall next to the door just as you enter</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>the room. ARE THERE ANY CODES FOR GEORGIA THAT WOULD</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>REQUIRE THE LIGHT SWITCH TO BE PLACED INSIDE THE ROOM</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>OR CAN IT BE PLACED JUST OUTSIDE THE ROOM?</B></div> <bR> <div> This is a tricky question. Since Article 210.70(A)(1) requires switch <U>in</U> every habitable room, you would technically be in violation of this article.</div> <div> I have inspected location where there was no wall space to install a switch inside the room because of the builders design. Think about very small bathrooms. Practical application or judgment calls by the Authority Having Jurisdiction may apply. Be sure there is no place that the switch can be installed inside the room before you decide. You may find yourself repairing the finished wall if the inspector turns you down.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="afci_requirements_752005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>AFCI requirements 7/5/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Does the NEC require each bedroom to have its own AFCI or that all bedroom wiring be protected by an AFCI? Specifically, am I allowed to use one AFCI to protect two bedrooms circuitry?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Rocky</B></div> <bR> <div> Since the bedroom circuits are calculated under the general lighting load, there is no set requirement for the amount of arc-faults. With the high cost of arc-fault breakers, contractors don't want to invest in two many separate bedroom circuits. The code requires that the circuits be balanced throughout the dwelling.</div> <div> <A HREF="#some_contractors_inspectors" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Click here</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > for more information on arc-fault requirements.</FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="code_requirement_of_bathroom_lightfan"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Code requirement of bathroom light/fan 7/5/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Is there any code that prohibits bathroom fans/lights on the same single </B></div> <div> <B>switch? I know that a light in a bathroom must have a wall switch controlled </B></div> <div> <B>light, but if the fan always comes on, is that problem?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks, Jay</B></div> <bR> <div> No! There is no violation. Some contractors just don't want to spend the extra buck on a two gang switch or a stack switch and run a 14/3 awg or 12/3 awg cable.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="residential_code_question_6302005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Residential code question 6/30/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Does an exterior GFCI receptacle have to be 18" min. from grade?</B></div> <bR> <div> No! There is no minimum height, just a maximum height of 6 1/2 foot above grade. Article 210.52(E) </div> <div> Some local municipalities have handicap building codes that require all receptacles to be no lower than 18 inches above grade.</div> <bR> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>(E) Outdoor Outlets</B>. <I>For a one-family dwelling and each unit of a two-family dwelling that is at grade level, at least one receptacle outlet accessible at grade level and not more than 2.0 m (61/2 ft) above grade shall be installed at the front and back of the dwelling. See 210.8(A)(3).</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="maximum_outlets_on_a_circuit_6242005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Maximum outlets on a circuit 6/24/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>What is the maximum number of outlets that can be installed on one circuit breaker (commercial building, occupancy B)? Also, what is the minimum size of panel amperage required? State of Michigan if it make any difference. </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks a lot. </B></div> <div> <B>Mousse </B></div> <div> <B>DLZ Michigan, Inc</B></div> <bR> <div> When you go to Article 220.3(B)(9), it will show 180 volt amps per outlet. </div> <div> 120 v X 15 amps = 1800 watts (volt amps) / 180 watts = 10 outlets. </div> <div> 120 v X 20 amps = 2400 watts (volt amps) / 180 watts = 13 outlets. </div> <div> Got it?</div> <bR> <div> <B>220.3 Computation of Branch Circuit Loads.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Other Loads — All Occupancies.</B> <I>In all occupancies, the minimum load for each outlet for general-use receptacles and outlets not used for general illumination shall not be less than that computed in 220.3(B)(1) through (11), the loads shown being based on nominal branch-circuit voltages.</I> </div> <div> <B>(9) Receptacle Outlets.</B><I> Except as covered in 220.3(B)(10), receptacle outlets shall be computed at not less than 180 volt-amperes for each single or for each multiple receptacle on one yoke. A single piece of equipment consisting of a multiple receptacle comprised of four or more receptacles shall be computed at not less than 90 volt-amperes per receptacle.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="plugs_on_countertop_6232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Plugs on countertop 6/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I would like to know how high plugs should be when installing between a counter top and top cabinets in a kitchen?</B></div> <bR> <div> Not more than 500 mm (20 in) above the countertop. Article 220.52 (C)(5)</div> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>C) Countertops.</B><I> In kitchens and dining rooms of dwelling units, receptacle outlets for counter spaces shall be installed in accordance with 210.52(C)(1) through (5)</I> </div> <div> <B>(5) Receptacle Outlet Location.</B><I> Receptacle outlets shall be located above, but not more than 500 mm (20 in.) above, the countertop. Receptacle outlets rendered not readily accessible by appliances fastened in place, appliance garages, or appliances occupying dedicated space shall not be considered as these required outlets</I>.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="spares_in_subpanel_6222005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Spares in sub panel 6/22/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Sirs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>In reference to section 90-1 Adequacy of the NEC, is it necessary to have a minimum of one spare in a new installed sub panel to allow for expansion? Is this a code requirement or a design / standard of care issue?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thank you for your response. </B></div> <div> <B>John</B></div> <bR> <div> This code was not designed for future expansion, but intended for minimum requirements and maximum safety for equipment and personal. Who is to say that the existing service that was built will not be sufficient for future use? Is your gas tank big enough for future driving? Do you know how much you will need to save for your retirement, your children's college or life insurance? </div> <div> Most commercial buildings designed by engineers do calculate expansion for the future, but how much will the owners or stock holders allow to be expanded at their cost without over doing it. The calculations on residential and commercial are sized by a calculated demand and known demands. Is one spare circuit going to cover it? That's why 90.1 was entered in the code.</div> <bR> <div> <B>90.1 Purpose.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Practical Safeguarding.</B> <I>The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity. </I></div> <div> The NEC is prepared by the National Electrical Code Committee, which consists of a Technical Correlating Committee and 20 code-making panels. The code-making panels have specific subject responsibility within the Code. The scope of the National Electrical Code Committee follows: </div> <div> This committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on minimizing the risk of electricity as a source of electric shock and as a potential ignition source of fires and explosions. It shall also be responsible for text to minimize the propagation of fire and explosions due to electrical installations. </div> <div> In addition to its overall responsibility for the National Electrical Code, the Technical Correlating Committee is responsible for the Electrical Code for One- and Two-family Dwellings (NFPA 70A) and for the correlation of Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment Maintenance (NFPA 70B), Standard for Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces (NFPA 70E), Electrical Inspection Code for Existing Dwellings (NFPA 73), and Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery (NFPA 79). </div> <div> <B>(B) Adequacy.</B> <I>This Code contains provisions that are considered necessary for safety. Compliance therewith and proper maintenance will result in an installation that is essentially free from hazard but not necessarily efficient, convenient, or adequate for good service or future expansion of electrical use.</I> </div> <div> <I>FPN:Hazards often occur because of overloading of wiring systems by methods or usage not in conformity with this Code. This occurs because initial wiring did not provide for increases in the use of electricity. An initial adequate installation and reasonable provisions for system changes will provide for future increases in the use of electricity.</I></div> <div> Consideration should always be given to future expansion of the electrical system. Future expansion might be unlikely in some occupancies, but for others it is wise to plan an initial installation comprising service-entrance conductors and equipment, feeder conductors, and panelboards that allows for future additions, alterations, designs, and so on. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="parallel_power_cable_6192005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Parallel power cable 6/19/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I hope you can help me out with this question re above subject: </B></div> <div> <B>1) From transformer to utility there are approx. 40 ft. and there are two 500 mcm parallel cables for each phase. When I measure amps for each parallel cable the result differs by 50%. </B></div> <div> <B>Example: One is 125 amps and the other 200 </B></div> <div> <B>Can you explain why so much difference since the cables are connected together on the same termination bolt on transformer and utility. </B></div> <div> <B>2)Similar problem on other transformer/utility same distance/same size cables the difference is only 5% in amp. (125/131) </B></div> <div> <B>Cables properly insulated and connected. Cannot understand the above differences in amps. </B></div> <div> <B>I trust you can solve this problem for me. </B></div> <div> <B>Regards, Mr. Lazzari</B></div> <bR> <div> Since I am not there to troubleshoot with you, I'm not sure about what you are checking. For example, are you checking both conductors on phase A to get this reading, or your reading one on A and the other on B or C phase? If you are reading phase A and get 125 amps and phase B and getting 200 amps, then there is a possibility that under load, you have an unbalanced circuit. When the branch circuits were connected by you or somebody else, the branch circuits were not balanced out among the three phases.</div> <bR> <div> Now if you are reading only one phase between the two conductors on the same phase (example phase A only), then you do have a termination problem. Conductors of equal size, resistance and equal voltage will have the same ampacity across each on the same phase. Ohms law will give you that accurate answer. When reading parallel circuits, the amp meter shall clamp around <B><U>all</U></B> conductors on the same phase.</div> <div> The next time you decide to go out and read the current on the conductors, have someone else who is knowledgeable in measurements. Let me know your findings then. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="changing_a_100_amp_to_200_amp_panel"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Changing a 100 amp to 200 amp panel 6/13/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Recently we did some renovations to our house and there was a need to add circuits. Our current 100 amp panel no longer had the space for the additional circuits so we had a new panel installed rated for 200 amps. We did not upgrade our service but decided to go with 200 amps for future needs. Now here's my concern. The new panel has a main breaker rated for 200 amps. If we were to exceed 100 amps the main breaker would not trip. Should I have the main breaker replaced and with one rated for 100 amps? </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Paul</B></div> <bR> <div> YES,YES,YES! I wish I had opened this E-mail sooner. You are without a dought, subject to a major hazard if you don't reduce that main breaker to 100 amps. The conductors need to be protected from an overload or worse. A service short circuit ground fault condition.</div> <bR> <div> I hope you didn't hire an unlicensed electrical contractor to do this work. If you did, you need to hire a licensed electrician to see if the breaker can be modified from the manufactures listed equipment. Good luck and be safe. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="general_recp___light_circuit"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>General recp & light circuit residential 6/4/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>My question is, if you have a #12awg home run from the panel hitting general recps. and light switches, can you pull a #14awg wire from the switch location to the location of the light fixture if the home run is on a 15amp breaker? Thanks for your help KT. </B></div> <bR> <div> Yes you can if no one else on this plant is going to go in the panelboard and see a #12 awg conductor and up it to a 20 amp breaker. It is not good common practice to wire circuits in this manor. If you go to a strange home to do some trouble shooting and you find a circuit in the panel that is tripping on a 15 amp overcurrent device, what would you do to fix it? You like anyone else would replace it with another 15 amp device. Once you replace it and do a load test, you see that it is pulling over 15 amps. Well, you know why the 15 amp breaker was tripping. What would you do..............what will you do? Solution, you notice that the conductor is #12 awg. Wouldn't you and everybody else change the breaker to a 20 amp overcurrent device? I know, some of use are experts and no way would we not trace the complete circuit out to the switch and fixture. What about the ones who don't check? Let's go one step further. There was a #10 awg conductor at the same circuit, would you go up to a 30 amp overcurrent device? I don't think so. If we don't have standard wiring methods and guide lines, we would come closer to shock hazards and fires. </div> <div> Take away our traffic lights and dividing lines, and watch how dangerous driving becomes. This world is full of short cuts. Why would you think of short cutting you customer and the code? You did get paid to install it by code? I hope your mechanic doesn't think that a smaller break shoe would be OK on your car. Think about the short cuts your Doctor or Dentist could take...............Any questions?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="sub_panel_for_pool_642005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Sub panel for pool 6/4/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I'm running a sub panel for my pool. My house main is 240 V, 200 Amp.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Since the pool's new heat pump will require a 50 amp breaker (rated 30 amps,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>plus inrush current I guess they figure), and 1 pump for the pool (8A @</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>240V), a second for the waterfall/water feature (8A @ 240V), and some</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>miscellaneous low v and standard yard lighting (14A), I figured an 80 amp</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>circuit altogether. Since the run will be around 150 feet or so I derated</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>one wire size to #2 copper. Does that all sound right, or do you think I'm</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>cutting anything too close? With 3, 90 degree bends to get out there, what</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>size PVC pipe would you recommend?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Regards,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Hutchinson </B></div> <bR> <div> I'm sure that you have the right answer by now. I'm not going to go into detail on load calculations from Article 220. </div> <div> Looking at your noted size estimate calculation, I would say your size calculation is a little large, but just fine. The 200 amp service to your home is standard is just fine to supply your current demand and future demands.</div> <bR> <div> In rush current is not a factor in calculating wire size. The wire size will be based on the voltage drop distance and the total load on your feeder conductor. 30 X 125% = 37.5 + 8 + 8 + 14 = 67.5 amps from your information. Table 310.16- 75 degree column, shows #4 awg conductor. My voltage drop calculation is 18,00 cm = #6 conductor so, #4 would have met the code. Your 80 amp breaker is just fine.</div> <bR> <div> Since you ran 3 #2 cu THWN and one equipment ground, not being required to be larger than #8 THWN, your raceway can be sized for an 1 1/4 PVC.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="control_panel_voltage_5252005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Control panel voltage 5/25/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Is it permissible to have a lighting control panel with both 120 volts and 277 volts in the same panel? How about on the same contractor? </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks, </B></div> <div> <B>George</B></div> <bR> <div> Your question is general, but the general answer is yes. Let me put a little more information in your question. First, the lights are 277/480 volt rated on the line and load of the contractor. The contractor coil is rated at 208-230/480 volts with tap leads.</div> <div> Now we can reason out your question. Question #1 ask if 120 and 277volt can be in the same control panel. The answer is yes if your enclosure and conductors have the same voltage rating. Go to 110.3 listing and label.</div> <bR> <div> <B>110.3 Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) </B><I>Examination. In judging equipment, considerations such as the following shall be evaluated: </I></div> <div> <I><B>(1)</B></I><I> Suitability for installation and use in conformity with the provisions of this Code</I> </div> <div> <I><B>FPN:Suitability of equipment use may be identified by a description marked on or provided with a product to identify the suitability of the product for a specific purpose, environment, or application. Suitability of equipment may be evidenced by listing or labeling</B></I><I>. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(2)</B></I><I> Mechanical strength and durability, including, for parts designed to enclose and protect other equipment, the adequacy of the protection thus provided </I></div> <div> <I><B>(3)</B></I><I> Wire-bending and connection space </I></div> <div> <I><B>(4)</B></I><I> Electrical insulation </I></div> <div> <I><B>(5)</B></I><I> Heating effects under normal conditions of use and also under abnormal conditions likely to arise in service </I></div> <div> <I><B>(6) </B></I><I>Arcing effects </I></div> <div> <I><B>(7) </B></I><I>Classification by type, size, voltage, current capacity, and specific use </I></div> <div> <I><B>(8) </B></I><I>Other factors that contribute to the practical safeguarding of persons using or likely to come in contact with the equipment</I></div> <div> <B>(B) Installation and Use.</B> <I>Listed or labeled equipment shall be installed and used in accordance with any instructions included in the listing or labeling.</I></div> <bR> <div> Question #2 is also yes if the coil has multiple voltage ratings on it. </div> <div> Correct me if I am wrong, but are you thinking of putting one or two of the 120 volt conductors on the contractor and one or two of the 277 volt conductors on the other contractor? If so , you can create a dangerous situation for other contractors, plus you must identify your neutrals for the different voltages and phase conductors. You must also comply with Article 210.4, 240.20, 215.4, etc. That's only if I'm wrong about this question.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="funneral_homes_over_100_people_5172005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Funeral homes over 100 people 5/17/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed are all funeral homes, over 100 people considered public assembly if it's only viewing rooms?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thank you, Daniel </B></div> <bR> <div> What a morbit question! </div> <div> Yes, a funeral home would be classified as a place of assemble with 100 people or more. Since there is usually only one deceased person, it still is dangerous if a disaster should occur. The separate room of less than 100 would not.</div> <bR> <div> <B>518.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> This article covers all buildings or portions of buildings or structures designed or intended for the assembly of 100 or more persons. </div> <div> <B>518.2 General Classifications.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Examples.</B> Places of assembly shall include but not be limited to the following:</div> <div> Armories      Courtrooms </div> <div> Assembly halls       Dance halls </div> <div> Auditoriums       Dining facilities </div> <div> Auditoriums within Exhibition halls </div> <div> Business establishments       Gymnasiums </div> <div> Mercantile establishments       <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Mortuary chapels </B></FONT></div> <div> Other occupancies            Multipurpose rooms </div> <div> Schools Museums </div> <div> Bowling lanes             Places of awaiting transportation </div> <div> <B>Church chapels   </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > Pool rooms </FONT></div> <div> Club rooms        Restaurants </div> <div> Conference rooms     Skating rinks </div> <div> <B>(B) Multiple Occupancies</B>. <I>Occupancy of </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>any room or space</B></I></FONT><I> for assembly purposes by </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>less than 100 persons</B></I></FONT><I> in a building of other occupancy, and incidental to such other occupancy, shall be classified as part of the other occupancy and subject to the provisions applicable thereto. </I></div> <div> The exception is if the existing or new building has no fire rating on it. Electrical wiring may be installed differently, but your local fire Marshall my still uphold the 100 people or more ruling for safety.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="low_voltage_24vdc_solenoid_valve"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Low Voltage 24VDC solenoid valve interconnect cable 5/17/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I'm looking for some advice concerning NEC regulations using a 24VAC valve</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>to switch gas off to a cooktop stove. Our company sells fire suppressant</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>systems to the military and assisted living. My company currently sells a 9</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Volt valve with the suppressant system to do the switching. We are looking</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>at using a 24VAC Normally Closed(energized continually)valve to provide a</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>fail safe condition during operation. If power is interrupted the valve is</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>closed and can not be opened until manually reset occurs.</B></div> <div> <B>My question is it required by NEC to enclose the interconnect cable wires in</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>conduit from the electronic enclosure(that controls the valve) to the 24VAC</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>valve. Being that it is low voltage, I would think that it is not required,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>but I need help to clarify this. Thank you for any assistance that you can</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>provide.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Sincerely,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Charlie</B></div> <bR> <div> Sorry, I can't help you with that answer. This may be a question for the natural gas code or HVAC. There is no code section that I could find in the NEC addition.</div> <bR> <div> I can send you back to Article 110 of the NEC. </div> <div> <B>110.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers general requirements for the examination and approval, installation and use, access to and spaces about electrical conductors and equipment, and tunnel installations.</I> </div> <div> <B>110.2 Approval.</B> </div> <div> <I>The conductors and equipment required or permitted by this Code shall be acceptable only if approved.</I></div> <div> In our jurisdiction, we do work with our fellow departments and refer the conditions to make <U>all</U> operations safe for the public, and comply with all life safety implemented State and local adopted codes.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="branch_circuits_5162005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Branch circuits 5/16/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>Can two or three lighting circuits be put on a two pole or three pole breaker if they feed the same area and have a common neutral? </B></div> <div> <B>How about two or three circuits feeding single phase equipment? </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks, </B></div> <div> <B>Bob </B></div> <bR> <div> The answer is yes for the first question with a common neutral on a linear load.</div> <div> <B>310.15 Ampacity for Conductors Rated 0–2000 Volts.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Tables.</B> </div> <div> <B>(4) Neutral Conductor. </B></div> <div> <B>(c) </B><I>On a 4-wire, 3-phase wye circuit where the major portion of the load consists of nonlinear loads, harmonic currents are present in the neutral conductor; the neutral shall therefore be considered a current-carrying conductor.</I></div> <bR> <div> If you have a nonlinear load or harmonic currents on a three phase circuit, then each phase conductor shall be run with a separate neutral to each lighting load. When two or three lighting loads are on a linear load (incandescent lights), the common neutral can be used. The two or three breakers can be single or a multiphase breaker with handle ties.</div> <div> <B>240.20 Ungrounded Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Circuit Breaker as Overcurrent Device</B>. <I>Circuit breakers shall open all ungrounded conductors of the circuit unless otherwise permitted in 240.20(B)(1), (B)(2), and (B)(3).</I> </div> <div> <B>(1) Multiwire Branch Circuit.</B> <I>Except where limited by 210.4(B), individual single-pole circuit breakers, with or without approved handle ties, shall be permitted as the protection for each ungrounded conductor of multiwire branch circuits that serve only single-phase line-to-neutral loads.</I></div> <div> For question #2, if all phases are going to the same equipment or device, they shall be capable disconnecting at the same time. You don't want to leave part of a circuit on while attempting to repair it. See 240.20 (B) above.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="switched_outlets_on_a_branch_circuit"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Switched outlets on a branch circuit 5/13/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Question: </B></div> <div> <B>What is the maximum for controlling plug outlets from a switch? </B></div> <div> <B>Is there a code that covers this?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>If a 20A switch is used, should 15A or 20A outlets downstream be used?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>What gauge wire would be required? (Obvious adjustments for run length would be needed.)</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I assume that wire size would be based on longest distance from breaker to farthest away outlet?</B></div> <div> <B>Does commercial vs residential have different standards on this?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Especially if EMT conduit branch feed from breaker, to FMC connected outlets?</B></div> <div> <B>I saw one site that said 15A services could have up to 10 outlets (commercial) and 20A services could have up to 13 outlets on a single branch feed, and residential service had no limits, but I wondered if this changed if it was switched.</B></div> <div> <B>Outlets in my specific case will be controlling multiple low wattage (45 to 135 watt) toy train transformers in a Mall environment.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Houston, Texas area. </B></div> <div> <B>Mark</B></div> <bR> <div> Voltage drop is always a factor in calculating the wire size whether commercial or residential, but the overcurrent protection remains the same. Most contractors, engineers design branch circuits to be less than 100 ft from the panelboard/loadcenter. If the distance is greater inside or outside, or multiple conductors in a raceway or cable cause Derating to be implemented, conductors are increased in size for voltage drop. </div> <bR> <div> <B>310.15 Ampacities for Conductors Rated 0–2000 Volts</B>. </div> <div> <B>(B) Tables</B> </div> <div> <B>(2) Adjustment Factors.</B> </div> <div> <B>(a) </B><I>More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors in a Raceway or Cable. Where the number of current-carrying conductors in a raceway or cable exceeds three, or where single conductors or multiconductor cables are stacked or bundled longer than 600 mm (24 in.) without maintaining spacing and are not installed in raceways, the allowable ampacity of each conductor shall be reduced as shown in Table 310.15(B)(2)(a).</I> </div> <bR> <div> <B>210.19 Conductors — Minimum Ampacity and Size.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Branch Circuits Not More Than 600 Volts.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <I>General. Branch-circuit conductors shall have an ampacity not less than the maximum load to be served. Where a branch circuit supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous and noncontiguous loads, the minimum branch-circuit conductor size, before the application of any adjustment or correction factors, shall have an allowable ampacity not less than the noncontiguous load plus 125 percent of the continuous load.</I> </div> <div> <B>210.20 Overcurrent Protection.</B> </div> <div> <I>Branch-circuit conductors and equipment shall be protected by overcurrent protective devices that have a rating or setting that complies with 210.20(A) through (D).</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(A)</B></I><I> Continuous and Noncontinuous Loads. Where a branch circuit supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous and noncontinuous loads, the rating of the overcurrent device shall not be less than the noncontinuous load plus 125 percent of the continuous load. </I></div> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="14765b80.png" border=0 width="357" height="184" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <B>210.21 Outlet Devices.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Receptacles.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <I>Single Receptacle on an Individual Branch Circuit. A single receptacle installed on an individual branch circuit shall have an ampere rating not less than that of the branch circuit. </I></div> <div> <B>(3)</B> <I>Receptacle Ratings. Where connected to a branch circuit supplying two or more receptacles or outlets, receptacle ratings shall conform to the values listed in Table 210.21(B)(3), or where larger than 50 amperes, the receptacle rating shall not be less than the branch-circuit rating.</I></div> <div> Table 210.21(B)(3) Receptacle Ratings for Various Size Circuits </div> <bR> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="463" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> Circuit Rating (Amperes)</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Receptacle Rating (Amperes)</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="227"><div> 15</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="221"><div> Not over 15</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="227"><div> 20</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="221"><div> 15 or 20</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="227"><div> 30</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="221"><div> 30</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="227"><div> 40</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="221"><div> 40 or 50</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="227"><div> 50</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="221"><div> 50</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> <B>220.3 Computation of Branch Circuit Loads.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Other Loads — All Occupancies.</B> In all occupancies, the minimum load for each outlet for general-use receptacles and outlets not used for general illumination shall not be less than that computed in 220.3(B)(1) through (11), the loads shown being based on nominal branch-circuit voltages. </div> <div> <B>(9) Receptacle Outlets.</B> Except as covered in 220.3(B)(10), receptacle outlets shall be computed at not less than 180 volt-amperes for each single or for each multiple receptacle on one yoke. A single piece of equipment consisting of a multiple receptacle comprised of four or more receptacles shall be computed at not less than 90 volt-amperes per receptacle.</div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="1448fc10.png" border=0 width="399" height="193" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <B>The 180-volt-ampere load requirement of 220.3(B)(9) as applied to single- and multiple-receptacle outlets on single straps and the 360-volt-ampere load applied to each receptacle that consists of four receptacles. </B></div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B><IMG SRC="14990e50.png" border=0 width="400" height="229" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Maximum number of outlets permitted on 15- and 20-ampere branch circuits. </B></div> <bR> <div> <B>(10) Dwelling Occupancies. </B><I>In one-family, two-family, and multifamily dwellings and in guest rooms of hotels and motels, the outlets specified in (1), (2), and (3) are included in the general lighting load calculations of 220.3(A). No additional load calculations shall be required for such outlets. </I></div> <div> <B>404.14 Rating and Use of Snap Switches.</B> </div> <div> <I>Snap switches shall be used within their ratings and as indicated in 404.14(A) through (D).</I> </div> <div> <I>FPN No. 1:For switches on signs and outline lighting, see 600.6. </I></div> <div> <I>FPN No. 2:For switches controlling motors, see 430.83, 430.109, and 430.110.</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>(A) Alternating Current General-Use Snap Switch.</B> <I>A form of general-use snap switch suitable only for use on ac circuits for controlling the following: </I></div> <div> <I><B>(1)</B></I><I> Resistive and inductive loads, including electric-discharge lamps, not exceeding the ampere rating of the switch at the voltage involved </I></div> <div> <B>(2)</B> <I>Tungsten-filament lamp loads not exceeding the ampere rating of the switch at 120 volts </I></div> <div> <B>(3) </B><I>Motor loads not exceeding 80 percent of the ampere rating of the switch at its rated voltage</I> </div> <div> <B>(B) Alternating-Current or Direct-Current General-Use Snap Switch. </B><I>A form of general-use snap switch suitable for use on either ac or dc circuits for controlling the following: </I></div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <I>Resistive loads not exceeding the ampere rating of the switch at the voltage applied. </I></div> <div> <B>(2)</B> <I>Inductive loads not exceeding 50 percent of the ampere rating of the switch at the applied voltage. Switches rated in horsepower are suitable for controlling motor loads within their rating at the voltage applied. </I></div> <div> <B>(3)</B> <I>Tungsten-filament lamp loads not exceeding the ampere rating of the switch at the applied voltage if T-rated.</I></div> <div> Looking at these articles above, they will show you the allowable ampacity that can be used on your switch device outlets and your conductors. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="placement_of_a_panel_inside_building"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Placement of a panel inside building 5/7/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Article 230-6 defines when a conductor is considered outside a building. Suppose I have the meter on the outside wall of the structure. The load side conduit runs vertically to an elbow and then continues horizontally under the footing and below a concrete garage floor. Am I correct that the "point of entrance" into the building is where that horizontal run comes up again and enters the service panel, regardless as to where the conduit ran "outside" (in the 230.6 (1) sense) of the building? Or do I need a disconnect near the meter before the conduit runs under the slab? </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks </B></div> <div> <B>Bill</B></div> <bR> <div> You are correct for the "Point of entrance" in the article. </div> <bR> <div> <B>230.6 Conductors Considered Outside the Building.</B> </div> <div> Conductors shall be considered outside of a building or other structure under any of the following conditions: </div> <div> <B>(1) </B>Where installed under not less than 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete beneath a building or other structure </div> <div> <B>(2)</B> Where installed within a building or other structure in a raceway that is encased in concrete or brick not less than 50 mm (2 in.) thick</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="14a8f4b0.png" border=0 width="399" height="331" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> The conductors are considered outside if all of the listed conditions are met. The first disconnect shall be located at the nearest point of entrance to reduce the distance for safety of unprotected conductors. If you are in the electrical contracting business and see older homes and buildings, you will see that the service conductors, mains and meters were located inside the structure. Later through the years, only the meters were located outside so the power company could read them. </div> <bR> <div> The danger of unprotected conductors still remain and the safety of fire fighters is at large if the power company is not around to cut the power at the pole. Sure you can pull the meter out, but sometimes the service conductors are installed through the building before they are terminated in the meter enclosure. If the main is outside, two things are possible. One, the power can be removed without the power company and two, the main overcurrent device will open on any condition that causes a ground fault or short circuit.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="ecg_2292005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>ECG 4/29/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Really appreciate your web site, thanks.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>My question is this.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>NEC section 250.32(b)(2) assumes it is allowed to run a feeder to a separate building without an equipment-grounding conductor.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Understanding of course that there are no continuous metallic paths between the two buildings grounding system.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Such paths as water pipes or communications wiring/bonding is done later and often with no permit required.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Would it be right to require an ECG as a rule to avoid a hazardous condition if something is installed later?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Patrick </B></div> <bR> <div> It is always good to stay above the code for a better system. </div> <bR> <div> <B>90.1 Purpose.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A)</B><I> Practical Safeguarding. The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity. </I></div> <div> <B>B) Adequacy.</B> <I>This Code contains provisions that are considered necessary for safety. Compliance therewith and proper maintenance will result in an installation that is essentially free from hazard but not necessarily efficient, convenient, or adequate for good service or future expansion of electrical use.</I> </div> <div> <I>Also read 250.32(B)(2) again</I> </div> <div> <B>250.32 Two or More Buildings or Structures Supplied from a Common Service.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Grounded Systems.</B><I> </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>For a grounded system at the separate building or structure, the connection to the grounding electrode and grounding or bonding of equipment, structures, or frames required to be grounded or bonded shall comply with either 250.32(B)(1) or (2).</I></FONT> </div> <div> <B>(2) Grounded Conductor.</B> <I>Where (1) an equipment grounding conductor is not run with the supply to the building or structure, (2) there are no continuous metallic paths bonded to the grounding system in both buildings or structures involved, and (3) ground-fault protection of equipment has not been installed on the common ac service, the grounded circuit conductor run with the supply to the building or structure shall be connected to the building or structure disconnecting means and to the grounding electrode(s) and shall be used for grounding or bonding of equipment, structures, or frames required to be grounded or bonded. The size of the grounded conductor shall not be smaller than the larger of </I></div> <div> <I>(1) That required by 220.22 </I></div> <div> <I>(2) That required by 250.122</I></div> <div> The red shaded sentence shows that there shall be an electrode system installed (two ground rods to comply with 250.56) </div> <div> 250.32(A) &(B) gave you the option of not running an equipment grounding conductor. Both conditions required an electrode system. See the exception.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="fire_district_4282005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Fire district 4/28/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I have a building located in a historic downtown. They say it is in a fire district. And I would have to run MC cable. I was just wondering if that is the case even if it has it own fire sprinklers and 12" masonry walls. </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks</B></div> <bR> <div> I can't answer your question because I don't have enough information. Your local State or Municipality have building codes and fire ratings that I don't know about. Historic areas are not in the NEC.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="generator_power_cord_size"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Generator power cord size 4/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Mr. Stubbs:</B></div> <div> <B>I recently purchased a 20KW </B><B><U>towable</U></B><B> diesel generator. My home is </B></div> <div> <B>currently wired with a Manuel transfer switch and sub panel, with a 10KW </B></div> <div> <B>rating. After I have the transfer switch professionally rewired for </B></div> <div> <B>20KW capacity, what size wire do I need to use to make a generator </B></div> <div> <B>power cord 40 feet long--or is this even possible? The CS6365 250V 50A </B></div> <div> <B>plug needed for my generator accepts a #6 maximum wire size.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks, Al</B></div> <bR> <div> The answer I give will not be in your favor. I'll explain by calculation. </div> <div> Your first portable generator was rated at 10 KW. 10,000 / 240 = 41.6 amps X 125% = 52 amps. The power cord shall be used from table 400.5, which is a #6 awg. The largest cord & plug you can use is 60 amps. Go to article 406.6 and 406.7 for the proper plug and receptacle.</div> <div> You haven't had the generator increased to a 20 KW capacity yet. As you know, doubling your watts won't double your pleasure with cord and plug having a maximum of 60 amps capacity. Unless this generator is hard wired, your maximum over current protection shall not be greater than 60 amps.</div> <div>  </div> <div> <B>240.6 Standard Ampere Ratings.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Fuses and Fixed-Trip Circuit Breakers</B>.<I> The standard ampere ratings for fuses and inverse time circuit breakers shall be considered 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>50, 60</I></FONT><I>, 70, 80, 90, 100, ............etc.</I></div> <div> If you use the 50 amp rated plug, then the maximum protection shall not be greater than 50 amps: </div> <div> <B>240.5 Protection of Flexible Cords, Flexible Cables, and Fixture Wires.</B> </div> <div> <I>Flexible cord and flexible cable, including tinsel cord and extension cords, and fixture wires shall be protected against overcurrent by either 240.5(A) or (B).</I> </div> <div> <B>(A) Ampacities</B>. <I>Flexible cord and flexible cable shall be protected by an overcurrent device in accordance with their ampacity as specified in Table 400.5(A) and Table 400.5(B). Fixture wire shall be protected against overcurrent in accordance with its ampacity as specified in Table 402.5. Supplementary overcurrent protection, as in 240.10, shall be permitted to be an acceptable means for providing this protection.</I></div> <div> The only way you can exceed the 60 amps is to hard wire to the generator. 20,000 / 240 = 83 amps X 125% (for continuous duty) = 104 amps, which will equal a # 2 copper or a 1/0 aluminum in the 75 degree column. The allowable overcurrent device will be 110 amps.</div> <div> <A HREF="id22_re_generator_p_cord_1102008.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2005 NE"><U>Back to Generator P-cord 1/10/08</U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id22_re_generator_p_cord_1102008.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2005 NE"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Send us your code question: </FONT><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="re_arc_welder_sizing_4222005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>RE: Arc welder sizing 4/22/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs:</B></div> <div> <B>I have great respect for your knowledge and experience, unfortunately,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>even you are not immune to what I call "codeitis"</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B> (i.e</B></FONT><B> knowing the rules</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>without knowing the reasoning behind them). Your statement regarding</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>the welding question is pure non-sense</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B>: </B></FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>( It's i.e.)</B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>" The reason the conductors and overcurrent devices may seem small is</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>that the contact time is less than one second or 60 cycles per second.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Before you can blink your eyes, the weld is done, unless you can blink</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>60 times in one second." </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="#article_630_electric_welders" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Click here for article</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>That statement would be like saying light bulbs need less ampacity</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>because they turn on and off 120 times per second! Unless one is spot</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>welding, welding is a nearly continuous load like toasting your bread</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>(especially if it is a constant current machine). The real reasoning</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>behind the code has to due with the welder's duty cycle, which is the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>ratio of running time to cooling time during a ten minute period (in</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>other words a 40% duty cycle means a maximum of four minutes of constant</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>welding followed by a six minute cooling period). Not only does the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>welder cool during the off portion of the duty cycle but so does the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>power supply components, which leads to the acceptability of lower rated</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>conductors etc.</B></div> <div> <B>I am afraid you electricians aren't the only ones with codeitis in the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>trades as the HVAC, plumbers, welders, etcetera have the same blind</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>spots. Code protects the public from the tradesmen, but learning some</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>of the basic underlying engineering principals should also be required</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>in my opinion (and maybe some classes in English, spelling and</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>punctuation).</B></div> <div> <B>Bob Gromski</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="mailto:bobski@speedpost.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:bobski@speedpost.net"><U><B><U>bobski@speedpost.net</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:bobski@speedpost.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:bobski@speedpost.net"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Dear Bob: </div> <div> I do appreciate your <B>pure and perfect knowledge</B> of welders, and I am very glad you have, without a dought, corrected me in my pure non-sense answer of the welders. I would love for you to find any other pure non-since articles that I have done wrong. </div> <div> Oh, please by all means E-mail me on any English, spelling and punctuation that I have made, or anyone else that has sent me a code question. I truly didn't know that this was a grammar web-site and is only for the (non) pure non-since, perfect spelling, absolute punctuation, and English major grammar masters. </div> <bR> <div> I thought I created this web site is to answer code question and not to insult anyone. Do<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B> you</B></FONT> understand the word <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>"uncouth"?</B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="breakerpanel_compatibility_4222005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Breaker/Panel compatibility 4/22/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Mr. Stubbs -</B></div> <div> <B>I'm moving into a house with a 100A ITE service panel. Three of the </B></div> <div> <B>circuit breakers are double tapped. Would installing 3 duplex circuit </B></div> <div> <B>breakers in this panel comply with the NEC? Would it comply if the </B></div> <div> <B>duplex breakers were manufactured by Murray rather than ITE? I have </B></div> <div> <B>been told by a local electrical supply warehouse that if I install </B></div> <div> <B>anything other than ITE breakers in the panel that the warranty on the </B></div> <div> <B>panel will be voided, and an electrical inspector would fail the panel. </B></div> <div> <B>*But Murray is now part of Siemens and the "Murray" duplex breakers have </B></div> <div> <B>"Siemens Energy & Automation" printed on their sides.* I'm nowhere near </B></div> <div> <B>the 42-device limit specified in the NEC. There are only 23 at present.</B></div> <div> <B>If you get a chance to answer this, I'd greatly appreciate it. I'm just </B></div> <div> <B>trying to fix the double-tapping while staying within the Code, and I've </B></div> <div> <B>been getting conflict answers from the professionals that I have asked </B></div> <div> <B>so far.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Downey </B></div> <bR> <div> I'm truly confused on the words "DOUBLE TAPPED" and "3 DUPLEX CIRCUIT BREAKER". I guess I could figure them out if you had sent me a picture or drawing on the breakers. The only term I am familiar with is Tandem or piggy backs. If the double tapped breaker is the same as the Talmud breaker, you may be talking about two circuit disconnects on the same phase.</div> <div> Let's move to your main question. Manufactures have been buying out other manufactures for years, just like car manufactures buying other manufactures. Buying them out doesn't mean the parts are compatible. Article 110.3(A) specifies the examination of the equipment to be used. 110.3(B) specifies the manufacture uses of the equipment. </div> <div> <B>110.3 Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Examination</B>. In judging equipment, considerations such as the following shall be evaluated: </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> Suitability for installation and use in conformity with the provisions of this Code </div> <div> <I>FPN:Suitability of equipment use may be identified by a description marked on or provided with a product to identify the suitability of the product for a specific purpose, environment, or application. Suitability of equipment may be evidenced by listing or labeling. </I></div> <div> <B>(2)</B> Mechanical strength and durability, including, for parts designed to enclose and protect other equipment, the adequacy of the protection thus provided </div> <div> <B>(3)</B> Wire-bending and connection space </div> <div> <B>(4) </B>Electrical insulation </div> <div> <B>(5)</B> Heating effects under normal conditions of use and also under abnormal conditions likely to arise in service </div> <div> <B>(6)</B> Arcing effects </div> <div> <B>(7)</B> Classification by type, size, voltage, current capacity, and specific use </div> <div> <B>(8)</B> Other factors that contribute to the practical safeguarding of persons using or likely to come in contact with the equipment. </div> <div> <B>(B) Installation and Use</B>. Listed or labeled equipment shall be installed and used in accordance with any instructions included in the listing or labeling.</div> <div> Unless the manufacture labels the panelboard, loadcenter or breakers with their listing, you cannot inter-change breakers. <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Note: Each breaker disconnect counts as one circuit.</B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="interior_panel_wall_clearence_4202005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Interior panel wall clearance 4/20/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I am currently planning to finish my basement and want to build around my interior 200 AMP panel. How close can I place a 2x4 wood wall to my panel? Based on my understanding of the code, I need to keep a 36 inch clearance in front and a 30 inch clearance to the side.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Regards,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>MHC in MA</B></div> <bR> <div> You are correct on the clearance.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="143586f0.png" border=0 width="600" height="367" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> The picture above applies to residential and commercial installations. Most owners are concerned with cosmetics of the panelboard. All panelboard, loadcenters shall be readily accessible at all times. You can install a plywood framed door with hinges in front of the equipment for ready access. If the panel door is flat against the panel, you should still have your 3 foot X 30 inch clearance.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="using_romax_inside_conduit_4192005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Using romax inside conduit 4/19/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>After reading the NEC 2002 I don't see where this is not acceptable. Is this allowed? If so, what table should be used to determine the fill to avoid "derating". </B></div> <div> <B>When I mention romax, I mean any NM (Nonmetallic-Sheathed) type cable.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks, Erik</B></div> <bR> <div> How about me taking you to the right article and explaining the code section! Go to article 310.15(B)(2) </div> <div> <B>310.15 Ampacities for Conductors Rated 0–2000 Volts.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Tables.</B> <I>Ampacities for conductors rated 0 to 2000 volts shall be as specified in the Allowable Ampacity Table 310.16 through Table 310.19 and Ampacity Table 310.20 through 310.23 as modified by (1) through (6).</I> </div> <div> <B>(2) Adjustment Factors. </B></div> <div> <B>(a) </B><I>More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors in a Raceway or Cable. Where the number of current-carrying conductors in a raceway or cable exceeds three, or where single conductors or multiconductor cables are stacked or bundled longer than 600 mm (24 in.) without maintaining spacing</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I> and are not installed in raceways</I></FONT><I>, the allowable ampacity of each conductor shall be reduced as shown in Table 310.15(B)(2)(a).</I> </div> <div> The article states "more than three current carrying conductors in a raceway or cable". Cables were manufactured to be used to substitute raceway where impractical to use for easy installation and flexibility. The only time cables are required inside of a raceway is for protection from physical damage. Since you put the cable in a raceway, wouldn't that be the same as more than 3 conductors in a raceway if you install two or more 2 wire current carrying conductors in one raceway? Yes it is the same. </div> <div> Now you have to derate from table 310.15(B)(2)(a) & (b).</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="smoke_detector_wiring_4122005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Smoke detector wiring 4/12/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>When wiring Smoke Detectors can you use multiple branch circuits @ different locations & interconnect all the smoke detector together?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Example: each bedroom Smoke detector arc-fault separate circuit & using bell wiring to interconnected ( 9 volt signal wire ) ?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>V/R</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Nels</B></div> <bR> <div> Well, Nels from King Bays, I don't know where you are E-mailing from, so, I'm not sure if you have a local or State ordinance. Since you are in the military, I have no clue of what code you are following. I'll just give you the basic requirements.</div> <div> Under NFPA..... and the fire safety building code, smoke detectors are required to be interconnected to every room and levels on one circuit. If your smoke detectors are in the bedrooms, they shall be arc-fault protected. Article 210.12 requires that the bedroom circuit be arc-fault protected.</div> <bR> <div> <B>210.12 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Dwelling Unit Bedrooms</B>. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>All branch</B></FONT> circuits that supply 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere outlets installed in dwelling unit bedrooms shall be protected by an arc-fault circuit interrupter listed to provide protection of the entire branch circuit.</div> <div> If you pick up the first smoke detector on a bedroom arc-fault, you can put all of the interconnected detectors on the same circuit, including the halls, other bedrooms, basements, attic, etc., without a violation. Article 210.12 never require a limit on how many arc-fault circuits in a bedroom.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bonding_at_point_of_main_452005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bonding at point of main 4/5/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I was always told to bond at point of main meaning service disconnect. I recently had a ....... County inspector pass work by another contractor on there service. These other guys bonded inside the trough but did not bond at the main. I thought the grounded and grounding conductor had to bonded together at the main. What have I not learned?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Never seen it</B></div> <bR> <div> There are several ways to bond service equipment. I'm not sure of the layout of the trough and the main. Is there more than one main that required a trough? </div> <div> Let's say that the trough is ahead of the main. You can bond the grounding electrode conductor to the grounded conductor <B>any where ahead of the main</B>. Remember, the grounded conductor starts at the secondary side of the power company transformer and ends at the <B>first</B> main overcurrent protection device. You are still required to install the main bond jumper in the main.</div> <bR> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="14b8b010.png" border=0 width="395" height="257" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> Try and read article 250.50 and 250.52 to clear your head on bonding locations </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="copper_clad_wiring_3312005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Copper clad wiring 3/31/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>I have a single family one story house built in the mid 1970's. I have recently discovered (through various interior remodeling projects) that the vast majority of the houses wiring is copper clad aluminum. While I have been able to find a wealth of information regarding aluminum wiring, I am unable to find any useful information regarding copper clad aluminum. My question is, does this type of wiring have the same inherent problems as aluminum or since it is clad in copper, should I consider it to be similar to copper? I have upgraded various receptacles and switches which were damaged or not working when we purchased the house over a year ago with standard off the shelf devices rated for copper, before we identified the wiring to be a copper coated product. Any information you could provide would be greatly appreciated. Great web site and Thank you,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Jeff in Savannah, GA</B></div> <bR> <div> I don't have official information on copper clad aluminum, but I can answer your question with a brief answer. </div> <div> As you may know, copper, copper clad aluminum and aluminum have different resistance alloys. We also know that copper is a better conductor and more durable for terminating on devices and equipment. Aluminum is a less expensive material but requires to be one size larger for ampacity demand from copper. Aluminum is a softer and lighter material and can be damaged if improperly used. It is still a good conductor. Copper clad (CCA) falls in between the two, but shall have the ampacity rating of aluminum. CCA is harder than aluminum, but will still break if over tightened. I guess the demand for CCA dropped and contractors made a choice of copper or aluminum to install or bid on.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bonding_hydromassage_tubs_2282005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bonding hydromassage tubs 3/28/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>residential new construction nm wiring </B></div> <div> <B>much confusion seems to exist on the bonding requirement of hydromassage tubs. </B></div> <div> <B>when plastic pipe is present. </B></div> <div> <B>the manufactures paperwork states that the pump and motor are factory grounded and that "no other wiring is necessary." also states the terminal on the motor is for bonding of all metal parts within five feet of the inside walls of the tub using # 8 wire. </B></div> <div> <B>as you know the tubs are fiberglass plumbing is plastic. and still many inspectors seem very confused. </B></div> <div> <B>the code states use number # 8 to </B><B><U>bond together the listed metal parts associated</U></B><B> with the tub </B></div> <div> <B><U>not ground the unit with #8 </U></B></div> <div> <B>what is correct ? please answer straight forward as possible as I am familiar with 680-73 and yet receive a wide variety of inspection results from inspectors with no code sections to back themselves up.</B></div> <bR> <div> You mean article 680.74 (2002 NEC). </div> <div> We always joke at the office about inspectors making contractors bond PVC fittings with plastic wires, but as I said, it is a joke.</div> <bR> <div> The purpose of bonding a motor to the metal pipe is to prevent a potential difference in voltage, which can cause current flow and possible shock hazard. If the motor is double insulated, then we have a thick covering that will prevent a shock. Next time you run across an inspector with this problem, ask him or her why double insulated power tools don't have a 3 prong male plug on them.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="desk_in_kitchen_3282005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Desk in kitchen 3/28/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>Is a desk in the kitchen supposed to be treated like a counter as far as spacing and circuit requirements ? </B></div> <div> <B>the desk is at a lower height than the counter. But along the same wall. But is clearly a desk. </B></div> <div> <B>seems the code doesn't require this ?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> This is a good question and many contractors and inspectors do get confused on this issue. Everyone said it is a matter of interpretation. </div> <div> Let's clear it with one question. If it is in the kitchen near a countertop, <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>can it serve the countertop? </B></FONT>An island or peninsular receptacle on the side of the counter (within the 12 inch requirements) serves the countertop. A receptacle on the side of a wall countertop (within the 12 inch requirements) serves the countertop. A receptacle behind the refrigerator or a receptacle under the sink does not serve the countertop. So, if you have a desktop and the receptacle is more than 12 inches away, it doesn't serve the countertop. </div> <bR> <div> Now you still have to comply with 210.52(B)(1). The receptacle is still in the kitchen, so it shall be on a 20 amp circuit. If it does serve the countertop, it shall have GFCI protection. 210.8(A)(6). </div> <bR> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B)</B> <B>Small Appliances.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <I>Receptacle Outlets Served. In the kitchen, pantry, breakfast room, dining room, or similar area of a dwelling unit, the two or more 20-ampere small-appliance branch circuits required by 210.11(C)(1) shall serve all receptacle outlets covered by 210.52(A) and (C) and receptacle outlets for refrigeration equipment.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 1:</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I> In addition to the required receptacles specified by 210.52, switched receptacles supplied from a general-purpose branch circuit as defined in 210.70(A)(1), Exception No. 1, shall be permitted. </I></FONT></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>Exception No. 2:</I></FONT><I> The receptacle outlet for refrigeration equipment shall be permitted to be supplied from an individual branch circuit rated 15 amperes or greater.</I> </div> <div> <B>(2) No Other Outlets</B>. <I>The two or more small-appliance branch circuits specified in 210.52(B)(1) shall have no other outlets.</I> </div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>Exception No. 1:</I></FONT><I> A receptacle installed solely for the electrical supply to and support of an electric clock in any of the rooms specified in 210.52(B)(1).</I> </div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>Exception No. 2:</I></FONT><I> Receptacles installed to provide power for supplemental equipment and lighting on gas-fired ranges, ovens, or counter-mounted cooking units.</I> </div> <bR> <div> <B>210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Dwelling Units.</B> <I>All 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles installed in the locations specified in (1) through (8) shall have ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel.</I> </div> <div> <B>(6) Kitchens </B>— <I>where the receptacles are installed to serve the countertop surfaces</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="branch_circuit_basement_3242005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Branch circuit basement 3/24/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I have a finished basement and an unfinished bathroom on the opposite side</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>of the basement from the main power panel. Do I have to run an exclusive 20</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>amp line from the main (tearing up finished drywall) or can the electrician</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>branch off of a 20 amp line servicing the basement family room with a GFCI</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>to service a bathroom (with nothing other than the bathroom on the load</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>side of the GFCI). Since the GFCI is a circuit protection device; is this</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>considered a branch circuit? Even though the 20 amp breaker is servicing</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>other outlets upstream of the GFCI. </B></div> <div> <B>By the way, you have an excellent Web site and I found it very useful and</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>informative.</B></div> <div> <B>Thanks.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Jack</B></div> <bR> <div> Yes, you have to run a separate circuit and no, you can not tap off another circuit. </div> <div> <B>210.11 Branch Circuits Required.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C)</B><I> Dwelling Units</I>. </div> <div> <B>(1)</B><I> Small-Appliance Branch Circuits. In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, two or more 20-ampere small-appliance branch circuits shall be provided for all receptacle outlets specified by 210.52(B).</I> </div> <div> <B>(2)</B> <I>Laundry Branch Circuits. In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one additional 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the laundry receptacle outlet(s) required by 210.52(F). </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>This circuit shall have no other outlets.</I></FONT> </div> <div> <B>(3)</B><I><B> </B></I><I>Bathroom Branch Circuits. In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the bathroom receptacle outlet(s). </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>Such circuits shall have no other outlets</I></FONT><I>. </I></div> <div> <I>Exception:</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I> Where the 20-ampere circuit supplies a single bathroom, outlets for other equipment within the same bathroom shall be permitted to be supplied in accordance with 210.23(A). </I></FONT></div> <div> These are the three separate 20 amp branch circuits with requirements of no other outlets. If the basement was finished, the other rooms may be a bedroom, family room, den,etc, would you now have a violation? </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bathroom_wiring_3192005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bathroom wiring 3/19/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>We just need to know the codes for outlets near a bathtub. We have the outlets up over the countertops, but need at least one near the floor. Does it have to be the same type as the countertop outlets? How far does it have to be from the tub? Thanks Lisa</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> See: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><U>Bathroom light switch</U></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bathroom_circuit_3172005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bathroom circuit 3/17/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs code states that in a dwelling unit separate 20amp circuit will be ran for the bathroom and shall have no other outlets well, as you know the meaning of outlet is very vague so my question is can you put the whole bathroom on a separate 20 amp circuit by itself meaning the light the fan and the GFCI or whatever else is in the bathroom as long as you don't go over the 80% rule ? </B></div> <div> <B>Richie </B></div> <bR> <div> Richie: Let me clear up outlets first: </div> <div> <B>Outlet.</B> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >A point on the wiring system at which current is taken to supply utilization equipment.</FONT> </div> <div> There are several types of outlets. Lighting outlets, receptacle outlets, low voltage outlets, power outlets and switch outlet.(Does not comply with outlet definition)</div> <bR> <div> <B>210.11 Branch Circuits Required.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C)</B> Dwelling Units. </div> <div> <B>3)</B> <I>Bathroom Branch Circuits. In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the bathroom receptacle outlet(s). Such circuits shall have no other outlets. </I></div> <div> <I>Exception: Where the 20-ampere circuit supplies a single bathroom, outlets for other equipment within the same bathroom shall be permitted to be supplied in accordance with 210.23(A)</I></div> <div> You can put the whole bathroom on one circuit, including the hydromassage tub. The 80% rule (which is incorrect) shall only apply under article 220.4 </div> <bR> <div> <B>220.4 Maximum Loads.</B> </div> <div> <I>The total load shall not exceed the rating of the branch circuit, and it shall not exceed the maximum loads specified in 220.4(A) through (C) under the conditions specified therein.</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(A)</B></I><I> Motor-Operated and Combination Loads. Where a circuit supplies only motor-operated loads, Article 430 shall apply. Where a circuit supplies only air-conditioning equipment, refrigerating equipment, or both, Article 440 shall apply. For circuits supplying loads consisting of motor-operated utilization equipment that is fastened in place and has a motor larger than 1/8 hp in combination with other loads, the total computed load shall be based on 125 percent of the largest motor load plus the sum of the other loads.</I></div> <div> It is kind of hard not to exceed 80% when you have nothing to calculate with. Remember, the code allows you to install as many bathroom GFCI receptacles as you like, as long as they have <U>no other outlets</U> on the bathroom outlets. Can you find 80% of no loads?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="mercury_vapor_light_3112005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Mercury vapor light 3/11/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>I want to install a mercury vapor lamp on a pole in my back yard & feed it</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>with an overhead wire. What kind of wire would I need to use.</B></div> <bR> <div> You probably have the answer by now. Just go to article 225 outside branch circuit and feeders. </div> <div> <B>ARTICLE 225 Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders</B> </div> <div> <B>225.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers requirements for outside branch circuits and feeders run on or between buildings, structures, or poles on the premises; and electric equipment and wiring for the supply of utilization equipment that is located on or attached to the outside of buildings, structures, or poles.</I> </div> <div> <B>225.4 Conductor Covering.</B> </div> <div> <I>Where within 3.0 m (10 ft) of any building or structure other than supporting poles or towers, open individual (aerial) overhead conductors shall be insulated or covered. Conductors in cables or raceways, except Type MI cable, shall be of the rubber-covered type or thermoplastic type and, in wet locations, shall comply with 310.8. Conductors for festoon lighting shall be of the rubber-covered or thermoplastic type.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception: Equipment grounding conductors and grounded circuit conductors shall be permitted to be bare or covered as specifically permitted elsewhere in this Code.</I> </div> <div> <B>225.6 Conductor Size and Support.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A)</B><I> Overhead Spans. Open individual conductors shall not be smaller than the following: </I></div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <I>For 600 volts, nominal, or less, 10 AWG copper or 8 AWG aluminum for spans up to 15 m (50 ft) in length and 8 AWG copper or 6 AWG aluminum for a longer span, unless supported by a messenger wire</I> </div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="14ca4d50.png" border=0 width="420" height="213" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B>225.14 Open-Conductor Spacings.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A)</B> <I>600 Volts, Nominal, or Less. Conductors of 600 volts, nominal, or less, shall comply with the spacings provided in Table 230.51(C).</I> </div> <div> <B>(B)</B> <I>Over 600 Volts, Nominal. Conductors of over 600 volts, nominal, shall comply with the spacings provided in 110.36 and 490.24. </I></div> <div> <B>(C)</B> <I>Separation from Other Circuits. Open conductors shall be separated from open conductors of other circuits or systems by not less than 100 mm (4 in.).</I> </div> <div> These sections should answer all your questions</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="ul_question_372005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>UL question 3/7/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed, </B></div> <div> <B>What makes an outdoor sign UL compliant? </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks, </B></div> <div> <B>Connie P.</B></div> <bR> <div> Since we use the NEC for electrical requirements, we require that the manufacture complies with article 600 Electric signs and outline lighting. Other states may use their own code to comply with. UL has guide lines they require the manufactures to comply with and to meet the requirements of the local authority having jurisdiction. I can tell you what we require, but I must refer you to UL(<A HREF="http:// http://www.ul.com/introtoul.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http:// http://www.ul.com/introtoul.html"><U> </U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http:// http://www.ul.com/introtoul.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http:// http://www.ul.com/introtoul.html"><U><U>http://www.ul.com/introtoul.html</U></U></A></FONT> ) for the accurate information you seek. </div> <bR> <div> <B>ARTICLE 600 Electric Signs and Outline Lighting</B> </div> <div> <B>I. General</B> </div> <div> <B>600.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> This article covers the installation of conductors and equipment for electric signs and outline lighting as defined in Article 100. </div> <div> <B>600.3 Listing.</B> </div> <div> Electric signs and outline lighting — fixed, mobile, or portable — shall be listed and installed in conformance with that listing, unless otherwise approved by special permission. </div> <div> <B>600.4 Markings.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Signs and Outline Lighting Systems.</B> Signs and outline lighting systems shall be marked with the manufacturers name, trademark, or other means of identification; and input voltage and current rating.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="fire_barrier_372005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Fire barrier 3/7/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi Mr. Stubbs,</B></div> <div> <B>I'm sure you are very busy, and I'm not sure if you got my last e-mail, but I had</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>a question about fire caulk / fire barrier in a RESIDENTIAL single dwelling in</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>the city. Is it required ?</B></div> <div> <B>I would also like to comment on a post that I read on your web site:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>The comment I would like to make is about the "push in wire" devices. The author</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>said he didn't like them. In my opinion, WHEN DONE CORRECTLY, I like them better</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>than the screws. When people use the screws, they tend to be sloppy and don't</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>make very good connections or tighten correctly. When you have several wires</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>and trying to use the screws, the wires could bunch up, push out, and pop off</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>the screws, unless done CORRECTLY.</B></div> <div> <B>I also don't like using screws when using a metal box, because the screws get</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>very close to the sides. I like to tape them up when I do use the screws, but</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>in general, I like to use the push in's CORRECTLY.</B></div> <div> <B>IN MY OPINION, a better connection than using the screws is to tie the circuit</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>together in the box, and by using PIGTAILS to the outlet. That way, the circuit</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>is not being directed through the push-ins, they are simply supplying that</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>single outlet.</B></div> <div> <B>Thank you for your adimate and active teachings.</B></div> <bR> <div> Fire caulking is required in the building codes. Think about all the holes drilled through the studs by the electrician, the low voltage contractor, the plumber, the HVAC contractor. If a fire breaks out and the holes are not fire caulked, won't that be called a holly fire?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="derate_wireway_362005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Derate wire way 3/6/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Mr. stubs; </B></div> <div> <B>According to the engineer's specification, I will install 5 sets of 4# 600kcmil cu conductors(insulation type not specified) in schedule 40 rigid PVC conduit from the utility transformer to a 2000 amp fused service disconnect. to a 24"x24"x12' wireway.(wire way is not specified whether nonmetal or metal)and then I come out of the wire way install 12 meter bases or current transformer and run 2-1/2 inch conduit to each 12 tenant spaces for future power need. Is 75'x200'retail center. </B></div> <div> <B>According to section 310.15(b)(2)(a) we need to derate parallel conductor. This case based on table 310.16 600kcmil THWN rated 420ampx.8=336x5=1680amps.dont you think the wire size is small for the 2000amp service?.What about the wire way can we put 12 meter base in this wire way. There a code section that can back this installation. Thank you </B></div> <div> <B>Aaron </B></div> <bR> <div> The Engineer's calculation is correct. Article 376 and 378 covers wireways. </div> <bR> <div> <B>ARTICLE 376 Metal Wireways</B> </div> <div> <B>376.22 Number of Conductors</B>. </div> <div> <I>The sum of the cross-sectional areas of all contained conductors at any cross section of a wireway shall not exceed 20 percent of the interior cross-sectional area of the wireway. The derating factors in 310.15(B)(2)(a) shall be applied only where the number of current-carrying conductors, including neutral conductors classified as current-carrying under the provisions of 310.15(B)(4), exceeds 30. Conductors for signaling circuits or controller conductors between a motor and its starter and used only for starting duty shall not be considered as current-carrying conductors.</I> </div> <div> <B>ARTICLE 378 Nonmetallic Wireways</B> </div> <div> <B>378.22 Number of Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <I>The sum of cross-sectional areas of all contained conductors at any cross section of the nonmetallic wireway shall not exceed 20 percent of the interior cross-sectional area of the nonmetallic wireway. Conductors for signaling circuits or controller conductors between a motor and its starter and used only for starting duty shall not be considered as current-carrying conductors.</I> </div> <div> <I>The derating factors specified in 310.15(B)(2)(a) shall be applicable to the current-carrying conductors up to and including the 20 percent fill specified above.</I></div> <div> The derating factors specified in 310.15(B)(2)(a) shall be applicable to the current-carrying conductors up to and including the 20 percent fill specified above.</div> <bR> <div> On your question, the stated 5 sets of 4 600kcmils conductors. 5 X 4 = 20 total conductors. Article 377.22 gives you two things to remember for metal wireways. 20% of the cross-sectional area or not more than 30 current carrying conductors to apply article 310.15(B)(2)(A). If you exceed 20%, you shall increase the size of the wireway. If you exceed 30 current carrying conductors, you shall derate your ampacity. </div> <div> Article 378.22 applies to the 20% cross sectional area and the current carrying conductors. In all cases on this question, you only have 15 current carrying conductors. For the meter enclosures, go to article 312</div> <div> .</div> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="afci_220v_outlets_312005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>AFCI 220V outlets 3/1/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>According to code requirement AFCI is only for 125-volt, single-phase, 15 and 20 ampere outlets. How about 220-volt outlets? Does that mean 220 Volt will never arc?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Your comments please </B></div> <div> <B>210.12 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. </B></div> <div> <B>(A) Definition. An arc-fault circuit interrupter is a device intended to provide protection from the effects of arc faults by recognizing characteristics unique to arcing and by functioning to de-energize the circuit when an arc fault is detected. </B></div> <div> <B>(B) Dwelling Unit Bedrooms. All branch circuits that supply 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere outlets installed in dwelling unit bedrooms shall be protected by an arc-fault circuit interrupter listed to provide protection of the entire branch circuit. </B></div> <div> <B>ALI </B></div> <bR> <div> All voltages are capable of arcing. The larger the voltage, the larger the arc. Arcing is caused by the intentional or unintentional separation of conductors from their load. When current is interrupted, a neutron (negative charge) is trying to move to a proton (positive charge) threw the air. Every time a switch is turned off or on or a plug is removed from an outlet with a load on it, you cause an arc. See:<A HREF="#nfpa_70___may_2001_rop" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U> </U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="#nfpa_70___may_2001_rop" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>NFPA 70 Proposal</U></U></A></FONT> If you click on the NFPA 70, you will see the proposal that was made for all 125 volt single phase circuits in a dwelling. It was impractical to arc-fault the entire home. The area chosen is where we all sleep. Threw my years as an Electrical Inspector and an Electrical Contractor; I found home owners and tenants tend to plug in multiple plugs in one outlet, use many extension cords pushed under the carpet and plug in space heaters if they didn't have central heating. Plugging and unplugging will cause wear on the receptacle. Don't forget about the places where the receptacles are painted over and over again.</div> <div> Now, why not arc-fault the 220 volt circuits or outlets? 1: Most 220 volt circuits are hard wired directly to the load or the plug is possibly never removed to cause an arc. 2: Very few 220 volt outlets are supplied in a bedroom.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bathroom_light_switch_2252005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bathroom light switch 2/25/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Does a bathroom overhead light switch need to be a certain distance from any water source? I thought I saw something once that stated a 5 foot minimum, but can't find that source or any other information. I know the bathroom I tore out had a switch right next to the sink (about a foot away). Thanks in advance.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Sean</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Cincinnati, OH </B></div> <bR> <div> Welcome to the misunderstood club. Contractor after contractor has hit me with this question over and over again. </div> <div> The answer is no, unless you are near a hot tub or spa tub. </div> <bR> <div> First, I want you to think about the smallest bathroom you have ever seen. Pretty small, yes? Did you notice where the light switch was located? Some bathrooms may have less than 3 foot from the tub to the door opening. Were the switches outside the bathroom door? I don't think so! Most switch boxes, covers, switches, and screws are plastic or insulated, so there is no possible shock hazard. If metal covers are used, they are required to be bonded to an equipment grounding conductor that is ran with the phase and neutral conductors. Question, how many people do you know that will turn the lights off and on while they are in the tub or in the shower?</div> <bR> <div> If you go to Article 680 Pools, you will see where the 5 foot rule applies. Since hot tubs & spa tubs do not drain, so you may flip switches while inside them. Even if all switches and covers are plastic, the code favors safety for personal first.</div> <div>  </div> <div> <B>680.43 Indoor Installations.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Wall Switches</B>. Switches shall be located at least 1.5 m (5 ft), measured horizontally, from the inside walls of the spa or hot tub.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="transformers_2242005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Transformers 2/24/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs if you have a transformer that is fed from a 480/277 panel 3 wire and ground that has a main ocpd or main disconnecting means and you feed a 208/120 panel with this transformer does the 208/120 panel have to have a main also? The transformer has a ocpd that is rated for the transformer they are right beside each other (the panels are) if the breaker for the transformer is sized for the 480/277 side the Max. you can derive from the transformer is what it is rated at what I mean is if you had a 30kva transformer the primary side would have to be rated at least 36amps so the next ocpd would be a 40amp now the secondary is rated at least 83 amps that's the most you can get out of this transformer so if the main in the 480/277 is 100 then the secondary is protected by the primary do you have to have a main in this instance? on the 208/120 volt side? </B></div> <bR> <div> I'll see if I can answer your question any anyone else who may not understand when overcurrent protection is required on both sides of a transformer. I will have to cover several articles to give you a correct answer to your question. We have three choices for overcurrent protection. The transformer, the conductor, and the equipment. The first article to cover is Article 450.3(A) and 450.3(B).</div> <div> 450.3 Overcurrent Protection. </div> <div> Overcurrent protection of transformers shall comply with 450.3(A), (B), or (C). As used in this section, the word transformer shall mean a transformer or polyphase bank of two or more single-phase transformers operating as a unit.</div> <bR> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="993" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 WIDTH="102"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="102" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="132"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="132" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="147" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="145"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="145" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>Secondary Protection (See Note 2.)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>Secondary Protection (See Note 2.)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="139"><div> <B>Secondary Protection (See Note 2.)</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 WIDTH="102"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="102" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="132"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="132" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>Primary Protection Over 600 Volts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="145"><div> <B>Primary Protection Over 600 Volts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>Over 600 Volts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>Over 600 Volts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>600 Volts or Below</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 WIDTH="102"><div> <B>Location Limitations</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="132"><div> <B>Transformer Rated Impedance</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>Circuit Breaker (See Note 4.)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="145"><div> <B>Fuse Rating</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>Circuit Breaker (See Note 4.)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>Fuse Rating</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="139"><div> <B>Circuit Breaker or Fuse Rating</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="102"><div> <B>Any location</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>Not more than 6%</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>600% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>300% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>300% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>125% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 WIDTH="102"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="102" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="132"><div> <B>More than 6% and not more than 10%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>400% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>300% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>225% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>125% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 45 WIDTH="102"><div> <B>Supervised locations only (See Note 3.)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="132"><div> <B>Any</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>300% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>Not required </B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>Not required </B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="139"><div> <B>Not required </B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="102"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="102" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>Not more than 6%</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>600%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="145"><div> <B>300%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>300% (See Note 5.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 5.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 5.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 WIDTH="102"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="102" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="132"><div> <B>More than 6% and not more than 10%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="147"><div> <B>400%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="145"><div> <B>300%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 5.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>225% (See Note 5.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 5.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <bR> <div> Notes:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 1. Where the required fuse rating or circuit breaker setting does not correspond to a standard rating or setting, a higher rating or setting that does not exceed the next higher standard rating or setting shall be permitted.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 2. Where secondary overcurrent protection is required, the secondary overcurrent device shall be permitted to consist of not more than six circuit breakers or six sets of fuses grouped in one location. Where multiple overcurrent devices are utilized, the total of all the device ratings shall not exceed the allowed value of a single overcurrent device. If both circuit breakers and fuses are used as the overcurrent device, the total of the device ratings shall not exceed that allowed for fuses.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 3. A supervised location is a location where conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons monitor and service the transformer installation. </div> <div> 4. Electronically actuated fuses that may be set to open at a specific current shall be set in accordance with settings for circuit breakers. </div> <div> 5. A transformer equipped with a coordinated thermal overload protection by the manufacturer shall be permitted to have separate secondary protection omitted.</div> <bR> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="881" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 WIDTH="133"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="30" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="133" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>Primary Protection </B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>Primary Protection </B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>Primary Protection </B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="149"><div> <B>Secondary Protection(see Note 2.)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="146"><div> <B>Secondary Protection(see Note 2.)</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 ><NOBR><div> <B>Protection Method</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="140"><div> <B>Currents of 9 Amperes or More</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="140"><div> <B>Currents Less Than 9 Amperes</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="138"><div> <B>Currents Less Than 2 Amperes</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="149"><div> <B>Currents of 9 Amperes or More</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="146"><div> <B>Currents Less Than 9 Amperes</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 33 ><NOBR><div> <B>Primary only protection</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>125% (See Note 1.)</B></div> <bR> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="140"><div> <B>167%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="138"><div> <B>300%</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="149"><div> <B>Not required</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="146"><div> <B>Not required</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 30 WIDTH="133"><div> <B>Primary and secondary protection</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 3.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 3.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>250% (See Note 3.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>125% (See Note 1.)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="146"><div> <B>167%</B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> Notes:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 1. Where 125 percent of this current does not correspond to a standard rating of a fuse or nonadjustable circuit breaker, a higher rating that does not exceed the next higher standard rating shall be permitted. </div> <div> 2. Where secondary overcurrent protection is required, the secondary overcurrent device shall be permitted to consist of not more than six circuit breakers or six sets of fuses grouped in one location. Where multiple overcurrent devices are utilized, the total of all the device ratings shall not exceed the allowed value of a single overcurrent device. If both breakers and fuses are utilized as the overcurrent device, the total of the device ratings shall not exceed that allowed for fuses.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 3. A transformer equipped with coordinated thermal overload protection by the manufacturer and arranged to interrupt the primary current shall be permitted to have primary overcurrent protection rated or set at a current value that is not more than six times the rated current of the transformer for transformers having not more than 6 percent impedance and not more than four times the rated current of the transformer for transformers having more than 6 percent but not more than 10 percent impedance. </div> <div> These two tables cover over 600 volts nominal on the primary and secondary side down two 600 volts nominal or less on the secondary side. Table 450.3(B) is where I'm going to start.</div> <div> The table shows that if you don't exceed 125% on the primary side, then overcurrent protection shall not be required on the secondary side of the transformer. This will protect the primary and secondary windings, the conductors on both sides and the single piece of equipment on the secondary side. If you have more than one piece of equipment on the secondary side, you cannot have more than six overcurrent devices and not exceeding the maximum single overcurrent device that would have been allowed.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="14d90cd0.png" border=0 width="400" height="461" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="14e90d80.png" border=0 width="400" height="472" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> The other requirements for secondary overcurrent protection would be a panelboard. Article 408.16 </div> <div> I hope this short answer is sufficient for you to understand.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="100_amp_vs_200_amp_2232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>100 amp vs 200 amp 2/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello, </B></div> <div> <B>I am a new homeowner and just had my electric service updated. I went from a 100amp service with plug fuses to a 200 amp service with a breaker box. Will I notice a difference in my electric service? If so what would I look for. </B></div> <div> <B>THANKS!! </B></div> <div> <B>Monte</B></div> <bR> <div> Not unless it is needed or you have a demand increase.</div> <div> Some homeowners increase their service size because of room additions, outside pools, or because they are installing equipment that may pull larger amounts of amps, like electric furnaces, electric water heaters, heat pumps, electric dryers, sonas, etc. If 50% or more of these items have been installed or are going to be installed in the future, with correct calculations, the 200 amp service is a step in the right direction. The minimum service to any one & two family dwelling is 100 amps. If your central heating, the range and water heater is gas, a 100 amp service will likely be sufficient for most dwellings. Take into consideration that you have 200 amps on each side of your panel box. That will give you 400 amps for 120 volt circuits.</div> <bR> <div> As far as noticing any difference, you may not if you had no increase in your equipment and no bad connection before or after you upgraded your service. Rest assured that you have made a good investment for the future of your home if you decide to sell or add more appliances. Energy is a lot more efficient today where less power demand is required for larger equipment.</div> <div> Good luck on your new investment.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="sub_panel_2112005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Sub-panel 2/11/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Are you allowed to use a main breaker panel as a sub-panel with a breaker off of the main as well!! </B></div> <div> <B>THANKS, </B></div> <div> <B>Chaz</B></div> <bR> <div> No violation there. The only advantage of having a main outside and one inside is you don't have to go outside to turn off all of the power; and if there is a large short circuit-ground fault condition, the distance and time for clearing the fault will be faster.</div> <div> <B>230.70 General.</B> </div> <div> <I>Means shall be provided to disconnect all conductors in a building or other structure from the service-entrance conductors.</I> </div> <div> <I>(A) Location. The service disconnecting means shall be installed in accordance with 230.70(A)(1), (2), and (3).</I> </div> <div> <I>(1) Readily Accessible Location. The service disconnecting means shall be installed at a readily accessible location either outside of a building or structure or inside nearest the point of entrance of the service conductors.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="running_romax_cable_2102005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Running romax cable 2/10/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>could I pull romex cable through a wall cavity with a cast iron natural gas line in the same cavity? </B></div> <div> <B>THANKS, </B></div> <div> <B>Jon </B></div> <bR> <div> Sure you can if your not in violation of Article 334.10 or 334.12 </div> <div> <B>334.10 Uses Permitted.</B> </div> <div> <I>Type NM, Type NMC, and Type NMS cables shall be permitted to be used in the following: </I></div> <div> <I><B>(1) </B></I><I>One- and two-family dwellings. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(2) </B></I><I>Multifamily dwellings permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction except as prohibited in 334.12. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(3)</B></I><I> Other structures permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction except as prohibited in 334.12. Cables shall be concealed within walls, floors, or ceilings that provide a thermal barrier of material that has at least a 15-minute finish rating as identified in listings of fire-rated assemblies. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(4)</B></I><I> Cable trays, where the cables are identified for the use. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(A) </B></I><I>Type NM. Type NM cable shall be permitted as follows: </I></div> <div> <I>(1) For both exposed and concealed work in normally dry locations except as prohibited in 334.10(3). </I></div> <div> <I>(2) To be installed or fished in air voids in masonry block or tile walls </I></div> <div> <B>334.12 Uses Not Permitted.</B> </div> <div> <I><B>(8) </B></I><I>Embedded in poured cement, concrete, or aggregate. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(10)</B></I><I> Types NM and NMS. Types NM and NMS cable shall not be used as follows: </I></div> <div> <I>a. Where exposed to corrosive fumes or vapors </I></div> <div> <I>b. Where embedded in masonry, concrete, adobe, fill, or plaster </I></div> <div> <I>c. In a shallow chase in masonry, concrete, or adobe and covered with plaster, adobe, or similar finish </I></div> <div> <I>d. Where exposed or subject to excessive moisture or dampness</I> </div> <div> A cast iron natural gas line entails no danger at all if the lines are properly sealed. If they are run in the same cavity with other electrical wiring, then let's look at the worse case condition. Would you install a damaged piece of cable through a cavity with a damaged cast iron pipe with couplings not properly sealed and left everything in the cavity subject to physical damage? Neither would I.</div> <div>  </div> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="dryer_cords_292005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Dryer cords 2/9/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello, </B></div> <div> <B>I ran across your page searching for answers on the code updates for dryer plugs. What is the code regulations for dryer plugs and cords for GA for a residence. My electrician put in the wrong plug for my dryer. He put in a square four prong plug and my dryer cord is round with three prongs one shaped similar to a L. Do I need to change my cord on my dryer or does he need to put in the correct plug? Any help you can offer would be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance for your time. </B></div> <div> <B>NICOLE </B></div> <bR> <div> This will not be easy to answer because the local municipalities do have their own interpretation of existing branch circuits.</div> <div> <B>250.140 Frames of Ranges and Clothes Dryers.</B> </div> <div> <I>This section shall apply to existing branch-circuit installations only. New branch-circuit installations shall comply with</I><I><U> 250.134 and 250.138</U></I><I>. Frames of electric ranges, wall-mounted ovens, counter-mounted cooking units, clothes dryers, and outlet or junction boxes that are part of the circuit for these appliances shall be grounded in the manner specified by 250.134 or 250.138; or, except for mobile homes and recreational vehicles, shall be permitted to be grounded to the grounded circuit conductor if all the following conditions are met. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(1) </B></I><I>The supply circuit is 120/240-volt, single-phase, 3-wire; or 208Y/120-volt derived from a 3-phase, 4-wire, wye-connected system. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(2)</B></I><I> The grounded conductor is not smaller than 10 AWG copper or 8 AWG aluminum. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(3) </B></I><I>The grounded conductor is insulated, or the grounded conductor is uninsulated and part of a Type SE service-entrance cable and the branch circuit originates at the service equipment. </I></div> <div> <I><B>(4)</B></I><I> Grounding contacts of receptacles furnished as part of the equipment are bonded to the equipment.</I> </div> <div> Section 250.140(4) applies only to existing branch circuits supplying the appliances specified in this section. The grounded conductor (neutral) is no longer allowed to be used for grounding the metal non–current-carrying parts of the appliances listed in 250.140. Branch circuits installed for new appliance installations are required to provide an equipment grounding conductor for grounding the non-current-carrying parts.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> The grounded circuit conductor of an existing branch circuit is still permitted to be used to ground the frame of an electric range, wall-mounted oven, or counter-mounted cooking unit, provided all four conditions of 250.140 are met. The grounded circuit conductor is also permitted to be used to ground any junction boxes in the circuit supplying the appliance, and a 3-wire pigtail and range receptacle is permitted to be used, even though the circuit to the receptacle contains a separate equipment grounding conductor.</div> <div> <B>250.134 Equipment Fastened in Place or Connected by Permanent Wiring Methods (Fixed) — Grounding</B>. </div> <div> <I>Unless grounded by connection to the grounded circuit conductor as permitted by 250.32, 250.140, and 250.142, non–current-carrying metal parts of equipment, raceways, and other enclosures, if grounded, shall be grounded by one of the following methods.</I> </div> <div> <I>Section 250.134 eliminates any conflict between 250.134(A), which requires an equipment grounding conductor to be used for equipment grounding, and 250.32, 250.140, and 250.142, which permit the grounded circuit conductor to be used for equipment grounding if certain specified conditions are met.</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(A) </B></I><I>Equipment Grounding Conductor Types. By any of the equipment grounding conductors permitted by 250.118.</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(B)</B></I><I> With Circuit Conductors. By an equipment grounding conductor contained within the same raceway, cable, or otherwise run with the circuit conductors.</I> </div> <div> <B>250.138 Cord-and-Plug-Connected Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <I>Non–current-carrying metal parts of cord-and-plug-connected equipment, if grounded, shall be grounded by one of the methods in 250.138(A) or (B). </I></div> <div> <I>(A) By Means of an Equipment Grounding Conductor. By means of an equipment grounding conductor run with the power supply conductors in a cable assembly or flexible cord properly terminated in a grounding-type attachment plug with one fixed grounding contact. </I></div> <div> <I>Exception: The grounding contacting pole of grounding-type plug-in ground-fault circuit interrupters shall be permitted to be of the movable, self-restoring type on circuits operating at not over 150 volts between any two conductors or over 150 volts between any conductor and ground.</I> </div> <div> <I>(B) By Means of a Separate Flexible Wire or Strap. By means of a separate flexible wire or strap, insulated or bare, protected as well as practicable against physical damage, where part of equipment.</I></div> <div> This section clearly shows new branch circuit installation of the 4 or 5 wire with an equipment ground.</div> <div> The only problem is which one will the authority except if they can't separate the existing from the new. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="code_reference_262005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Code reference 2/6/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>When using the NEC code book, what does one need to know in order to find what he's looking for ? I'm having problems finding NEC Code References. Can you please give me some Examples on this issue? THANKS, I want bother you again. </B></div> <bR> <div> Dear Willard! Your question to me is no less difficult to answer then my question to you. If you have no knowledge of medical science, TV technology, or computer understanding, how can you ask them how can you find things? </div> <bR> <div> If you go to Article 90.1(C) purpose, you may understand what I am trying to make clear to you. </div> <bR> <div> <B>90.1 Purpose.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Practical Safeguarding.</B> The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity. </div> <div> <B>(B) Adequacy.</B> This Code contains provisions that are considered necessary for safety. Compliance therewith and proper maintenance will result in an installation that is essentially free from hazard but not necessarily efficient, convenient, or adequate for good service or future expansion of electrical use. </div> <div> <B>(C) Intention.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" > This Code is not intended as a design specification or an instruction manual for untrained persons.</FONT> </div> <div> The NEC is intended for use by capable engineers and electrical contractors in the design and/or installation of electrical equipment; by inspection authorities exercising legal jurisdiction over electrical installations; by property insurance inspectors; by qualified industrial, commercial, and residential electricians; and by instructors of electrical apprentices or students. </div> <div> Have you thought about taking any introduction classes on how to read the NEC?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="down_sizing_wire_1312005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Down sizing wire 1/31/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>could you please explain to me the proper tap rule or wire downsize for the following,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>we have 750mcm from the main service going to a gutter with a 200amp loadcenter above it. </B></div> <div> <B>(obviously there is a distance between the two) can I </B><B><U>kearny.</U></B><B> say, 500mcm or smaller at the gutter and land on my loadcenter lugs, this also apply's back at the main. it is almost impossible to get 750 into a 200amp breaker. Can all this be done with interfering with our voltage drop.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>THANKS </B></div> <div> <B>Lou </B></div> <bR> <div> I don't know what "kearny" means. Voltage drop is not a factor with the 10 and 25 foot tap rule. You need to go to Article 240.21 Tap rule.</div> <div> Since the load center is directly above the gutter, I'll be using the 10 foot tap rule. </div> <div> <B>240.21 Location in Circuit.</B> </div> <div> Overcurrent protection shall be provided in each ungrounded circuit conductor and shall be located at the point where the conductors receive their supply except as specified in 240.21(A) through (G). No conductor supplied under the provisions of 240.21(A) through (G) shall supply another conductor under those provisions, except through an overcurrent protective device meeting the requirements of 240.4. </div> <div> (1) Taps Not Over 3 m (10 ft) Long. Where the length of the tap conductors does not exceed 3 m (10 ft) and the tap conductors comply with all of the following: </div> <div> (1) The ampacity of the tap conductors is </div> <div> a. Not less than the combined computed loads on the circuits supplied by the tap conductors, and </div> <div> b. Not less than the rating of the device supplied by the tap conductors or not less than the rating of the overcurrent-protective device at the termination of the tap conductors. </div> <div> (2) The tap conductors do not extend beyond the switchboard, panelboard, disconnecting means, or control devices they supply. </div> <div> (3) Except at the point of connection to the feeder, the tap conductors are enclosed in a raceway, which shall extend from the tap to the enclosure of an enclosed switchboard, panelboard, or control devices, or to the back of an open switchboard. </div> <div> <B>(4) For field installations where the tap conductors leave the enclosure or vault in which the tap is made, the rating of the overcurrent device on the line side of the tap conductors shall not exceed 10 times the ampacity of the tap conductor.</B></div> <div> I don't know if you are using copper or aluminum, or what size your main is, so I'll do both. 750 kcmils cu is rated at 475 amps so I assume you have a 500 amp main. (750 kcmils al is 435 amps where the main shall not be larger than 450 amps from article 240.6) </div> <div> The 200 amp service main can be tapped with a 3/0 cu conductor or a 250 kcmil al conductor. Remember that the tapped conductors shall not exceed 10 foot in length to the first overcurrent device. Since you are going to comply with the conductor size reduction, than the breaker terminal in the load center will be large enough to accommodate the conductors.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="service_upgrade_1282005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Service upgrade 1/28/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Mr. Stubbs my name is Eric, the question I have for you today is can a person do a service upgrade without changing the meter base ? I live in Wisconsin a friend of mine inform me that a gentleman upgraded they electrical service two 60 amp to two 100 amp using the same wiring from the meter to the panel boxes. I assume that doing a upgrade require changing the meters and also installing ground rods. I believe that this is an unsafe job but the friend feels that the gentleman did a superb job .What do you think of the matter ?</B></div> <bR> <div> Please ask the friend to define "superb" and fault current, or better yet, ask him why didn't he just install two 200 amp or two 400 amp services using the same wiring? Would he upgrade his compliment and move up to the alternate "supreme superb" job? Wait until you see the superb electrical fire.</div> <div> The wiring the gentleman did can and will head for an electrical hazard or fire if a high current flows above 60 amps accuse or a short circuit-ground fault accuse.</div> <div>  </div> <div> The word "upgrade" means the increase of all conductors that come under the larger overcurrent device. You can't put two gallons of water in a one gallon container! Can you have a three lane highway on a two lane bridge? I think we both agree that the bridge may collapse. It is not to late to correct this electrical violation. Think about the unaware buyers of that house, and any other houses the same that are rewired improperly. We are the surgeons of the electrical industry. We must perform our surgery to prevent future hazards for the unaware. </div> <bR> <div> <B>230.23 Size and Rating.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A)</B> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>General. Conductors shall have sufficient ampacity to carry the current for the load as computed in accordance with Article 220 and shall have adequate mechanical strength</I></FONT><I>.</I> </div> <bR> <div> When a load is added to any service, the installer must be aware of all existing loads. The potential for overloading the service conductors must be governed by installer responsibility and inspector awareness; they should not rely solely on the usual method of overcurrent protection. The serving electric utility should be alerted to whenever load is added to ensure that adequate power is available. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="nec_article_336_1252005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>NEC Article 336 1/25/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Article 336-Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable permits the use of NM cable where the garage (parking level) is the first floor with three floors of apartments on top. This would fall under the single "not for human habitation" floor is permitted before the first floor starts. </B></div> <div> <B>My question is if the parking level has an office area does this constitute a "human habitation"? </B></div> <div> <B>Mario </B></div> <bR> <div> Mario; I'm not sure where you are E-mailing me from, but you must be reading from the 1999 NEC or earlier code book so I'll answer from that code. Non-metallic-sheathed cable is now Article 334 in the 2002 NEC. </div> <bR> <div> If you look at Article 336-4 (uses permitted), you will see that there are 3 sections permitted. Since you are only choosing the second section, it refers you to 336-5(A)(1). </div> <div> <B>336-4. Uses Permitted</B> </div> <div> Type NM, Type NMC, and Type NMS cables shall be permitted to be used in the following: </div> <div> 1. One- and two-family dwellings </div> <div> <B>2. Multifamily dwellings and other structures, except as prohibited in Section</B><B><U> 336-5</U></B></div> <div> <B>336-5. Uses Not Permitted</B> </div> <div> <B>(a)</B> <I>Types NM, NMC, and NMS. Types NM, NMC, and NMS cables shall not be used in the following:</I> </div> <div> <I><B>1.</B></I><I> In any multifamily dwelling or other structure exceeding three floors above grade</I> </div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I>For the purpose of this article, the first floor of a building shall be that floor that has 50 percent or more of the exterior wall surface area level with or above finished grade. </I></FONT><I>One additional level that is the first level and not designed for </I><I><B>human habitation</B></I><I> and used only for vehicle parking, storage, or similar use </I><I><B>shall be permitted.</B></I></div> <bR> <div> The 1999 NEC and earlier was limited two three floors with exceptions. The 2002 has changed two Article 334.10 (uses permitted) where multifamily has changed to <U>Type constructions.</U></div> <div>  </div> <div> <B>334.10 Uses Permitted.</B> </div> <div> Type NM, Type NMC, and Type NMS cables shall be permitted to be used in the following: </div> <div> <B>(2) </B>Multifamily dwellings permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction except as prohibited in 334.12. </div> <div> A well-established means of codifying fire protection and fire safety requirements is to classify buildings by types of construction, based on materials used for the structural elements and the degree of fire resistance afforded by each element. The five fundamental construction types used by the model building codes are Type I (fire resistive), Type II (noncombustible), Type III (combination of combustible and noncombustible), Type IV (heavy timber), and Type V (wood frame). Types I and II basically require all structural elements to be noncombustible, whereas Types III, IV, and V allow some or all of the structural elements to be combustible (wood). </div> <div> The selection of building construction types is regulated by the building code, based on the occupancy, height, and area of the building<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >. The local code official or the architect for a building project can be consulted to determine the minimum allowable (permitted) construction type for the building under consideration. When a building of a selected height (in feet or stories above grade) and area is permitted to be built of combustible construction (i.e., Types III, IV, or V), the installation of nonmetallic sheathed cable is permitted. The common areas (corridors) and incidental and subordinate uses (laundry rooms, lounge rooms, etc.) that serve a multifamily dwelling occupancy are also considered part of the multifamily occupancy, thereby allowing the use of nonmetallic sheathed cable in those areas. </FONT></div> <div> If a building is to be of noncombustible construction (i.e., Type I or II) by the owner's choice, even though the building code would permit combustible construction, the building is allowed to be wired with nonmetallic sheathed cable. In such an instance, nonmetallic sheathed cable may be installed in the noncombustible building because the Code would have permitted the building to be of combustible construction. </div> <div> Annex E provides charts and other explanatory information to assist the user in understanding and categorizing the exact types of construction under consideration. A table to cross reference building types to the various building code types of construction is provided in Annex E also. </div> <div> <B>334.12 Uses Not Permitted.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) </B>Types NM, NMC, and NMS. Types NM, NMC, and NMS cables shall not be used as follows: </div> <div> <B>(1) </B>As open runs in dropped or suspended ceilings in other than one- and two-family and multifamily dwellings.</div> <div> In conclusion, it doesn't matter how high a multifamily dwelling is in the 2002 NEC, as long as it complies with the construction type. Some local jurisdictions didn't like the NM-B cableling installed over three stories and adopted an amendment to stop the installation, so please check with your local municipality. </div> <div> Buena suerte</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="main___service_panel_grounding_1232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Main service panel grounding 1/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>When the main circuit breaker is located on the exterior of the house, and the grounding conductor connected to the main breaker panel ground bus, does the main panel inside the house have to have a grounding conductor, or does the neutral to that panel suffice. If no grounding conductor is required inside the main panel, does the neutral bus have to be floating as in a sub panel?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Greg</B></div> <bR> <div> Let me see if I understand What you are asking me: 1: You have a main outside and a main inside. 2: A <B><U>grounded</U></B> conductor from the meter to the first main. 3: A <U>3 wire </U>SEU cable (2 insulated phase conductors and 1 bare conductor raped in a moisture-resistant thermoset covering), going to the main load center breaker inside. If my conclusions are correct, then you are in violation of 240.21, </div> <div> <B>240.21 Location in Circuit.</B> </div> <div> Overcurrent protection shall be provided in each ungrounded circuit conductor and shall be located at the point where the conductors receive their supply except as specified in 240.21(A) through (G). No conductor supplied under the provisions of 240.21(A) through (G) shall supply another conductor under those provisions, except through an overcurrent protective device meeting the requirements of 240.4. Since you have a main outside, the conductors entering the dwelling are now feeders. A main is not required inside you are in violation of Article 215. </div> <bR> <div> <B>215.4 Feeders with Common Neutral</B>. </div> <div> <B>(A)</B> Feeders with Common Neutral. Two or three sets of 3-wire feeders or two sets of 4-wire or 5-wire feeders shall be permitted to utilize a common neutral. </div> <div> <B>(B)</B> In Metal Raceway or Enclosure. Where installed in a metal raceway or other metal enclosure, all conductors of all feeders using a common neutral shall be enclosed within the same raceway or other enclosure as required in 300.20.</div> <div> The grounding in the main outside shall comply with article 250 Part III. Once you reach the panelboard, the equipment grounding conductor and the neutral shall be separated. If your service was wired up this way, then you do have a violation as stated. If the service was built some years ago and the local municipality may have had a local ordinance at that time, then you need to bond the grounded conductor in the panelboard inside to prevent a potential shock hazard or ground fault. You do not want a floating ground.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="the_2_6_12_rule_1232005_1"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>The 2-6-12 rule 1/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Could you tell me or explain to me the 2-6-12 rule, pertaining to outlets and switches, and the 1-2-4 rule pertaining to countertops, in residential wiring. Thank you and God Bless .</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Willard</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm glad someone has finally asked that question. Some contractors have the hardest time understanding this issue. I'm going to start with the code section that gives you that requirement. Article 210.52 </div> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) General Provisions.</B><I> In every kitchen, family room, dining room, living room, parlor, library, den, sunroom, bedroom, recreation room, or similar room or area of dwelling units, receptacle outlets shall be installed in accordance with the general provisions specified in 210.52(A)(1) through (A)(3).</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(1)</B></I><I> Spacing. Receptacles shall be installed so that no point measured horizontally along the floor line in any wall space is more than 1.8 m (6 ft) from a receptacle outlet.</I> </div> <div> <I><B>(2)</B></I><I> Wall Space. As used in this section, a wall space shall include the following: </I></div> <div> <I><B>(1) </B></I><I>Any space 600 mm (2 ft) or more in width (including space measured around corners) and unbroken along the floor line by doorways, fireplaces, and similar openings </I></div> <div> <I><B>(2)</B></I><I> The space occupied by fixed panels in exterior walls, excluding sliding panels </I></div> <div> <I><B>(3)</B></I><I> The space afforded by fixed room dividers such as freestanding bar-type counters or railings</I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="14f631d0.png" border=0 width="355" height="285" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> This section shows any broken wall space that is two foot or wider, shall have at least one receptacle. As the wall increases to six feet, you now have to conceder the point of were the opening begins. IF you place your first point at the edge of the opening, your first receptacle can be installed anywhere <U>along</U> that wall <U>up to</U> 6 foot away. If the wall length increases up to twelve feet, you must locate the one receptacle in the center of the 12 foot wall, so that you don't exceed 6 foot from the other edge opening. If your wall exceeds 12 foot, you shall be required to install an additional receptacle. Let's say your continuous wall is 13 foot long and you place the receptacle at the exact center of the wall, that receptacle will be 6 1/2 foot from both edges. This wall shall require no less than two outlets. 6 foot to the right and 6 foot to the left of any point will give you a maximum of 12 feet apart. Now you have your 2-6-12 foot rule.</div> <div> Now let's go to the countertop. </div> <bR> <div> <B>(B) Small Appliances.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Countertops.</B> In kitchens and dining rooms of dwelling units, receptacle outlets for counter spaces shall be installed in accordance with 210.52(C)(1) through (5). </div> <div> <B>(1) Wall Counter Spaces</B>. A receptacle outlet shall be installed at each wall counter space that is 300 mm (12 in.) or wider. Receptacle outlets shall be installed so that no point along the wall line is more than 600 mm (24 in.) measured horizontally from a receptacle outlet in that space. </div> <div> <B>(2) Island Counter Spaces.</B> At least one receptacle outlet shall be installed at each island counter space with a long dimension of 600 mm (24 in.) or greater and a short dimension of 300 mm (12 in.) or greater. </div> <div> <B>(3) Peninsular Counter Spaces.</B> At least one receptacle outlet shall be installed at each peninsular counter space with a long dimension of 600 mm (24 in.) or greater and a short dimension of 300 mm (12 in.) or greater. A peninsular countertop is measured from the connecting edge. </div> <div> <B>(4) Separate Spaces.</B> Countertop spaces separated by range tops, refrigerators, or sinks shall be considered as separate countertop spaces in applying the requirements of 210.52(C)(1), (2), and (3).</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="15081ce0.png" border=0 width="385" height="462" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> If you notice on this picture above, the receptacles shall not be more than two feet from the edge of either side of the countertop and shall not be more than four foot apart. Also, take notice of the island and the peninsular. They both shall have a minimum of 12 X 24 inches to even require a receptacle.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="outdoor_receptacles_1232005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Outdoor receptacles 1/23/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Mr. Stubbs its been a while since I last posted. My question is for outdoor receptacle's. I see in article 408.8 that it states weather proof covers shall be used in locations that are considered to be exposed to weather then the code gives you examples on this what I can't seem to find is where you should use BUBBLE covers and where you can use a regular weather proof cover I have had some inspectors tell that all weatherproof covers should be Bubble type and some say that it don't matter as long as it is weather proof the in use covers are fine to use but do I have to use them all the time or can it be that you only use them where you will have something plugged in all the time I understand that the intent of this is to provide a better or secure connection can you clarify this when should you use this if non of the recp's are continuous use Thank you again for all your help</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Richie</B></div> <div> <B> </B></div> <div> This article has always been a question for contractors who go to different municipalities. Start with Article 406.8(B) wet locations. </div> <div> <B>406.8 Receptacles in Damp or Wet Locations.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Wet Locations.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1) 15- and 20-Ampere Outdoor Receptacles. </B>15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt receptacles installed outdoors in a wet location shall have an enclosure that is weatherproof whether or not the attachment plug cap is inserted.</div> <div> Without a dought, if the receptacle is located in a outside wet location, subject to direct rain, with or without an attachment plug, you shall have a bubble cover. Now we go to the questionable area. Damp location. 406.8(A)</div> <div> <B>(A) Damp Locations</B>.<I> A receptacle installed outdoors in a location protected from the weather or in other damp locations shall have an enclosure for the receptacle that is weatherproof when the receptacle is covered (attachment plug cap not inserted and receptacle covers closed).</I> </div> <div> <I>An installation suitable for wet locations shall also be considered suitable for damp locations.</I> </div> <div> <I>A receptacle shall be considered to be in a location protected from the weather </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>where located under roofed open porches, canopies, marquees, and the like, and will not be subjected to a beating rain or water runoff.</I></FONT></div> <div> Notice that the last paragraph mentioned "under roofed open porches, canopies,etc," How do you get around it? Well, we both know that in some areas, the contractors install the outlets so far back from the edge of the porch roof opening that the only way the outlet will become wet is you have to spray it with a water hose or through a bucket of water on it. Since there is no written guide line for inspectors to interpret, let me suggest one that the local authority may want to use. Try the 45 degree angle. What I mean is for you to go to the edge of the roof overhang opening. Measure from the top edge of the overhang to the ground or floor level of that opening and divide it by 1/2. If your outlet is located less than 1/2 the distance from the edge of the nearest opening, you should put a bubble cover on it. If it is 1/2 the distance or greater, then you only need a weatherproof cover. </div> <div> Unless you have a rainstorm, rain does not fall at a 45 degree angel. Example: If you have a 10 foot high opening, then install the outlet at least 5 foot away. If the height is a 12 foot opening, then you install the outlet at least 6 foot away. If your height is 20 feet and your distance only goes back 9 feet instead of 10 feet, then you have to install a bubble cover. Bare in mind, this section <U>does not apply</U> if you maintain an attachment plug on a </div> <div> continuous use.</div> <div> During the 1999 Georgia State Electrical Code, the amendment required that all receptacles installed outside of a dwelling had to have bubble covers. It was removed from the 2002 Georgia State Electrical Code when the 2002 NEC was adopted and Article 406.8(B) was added to the code.</div> <div> I hope that other municipalities use this suggestion. It does make it easier on you, other contractors and inspectors to work together and serve our public. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bathroom___wall_devices_in_dwellings"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bathroom & wall devices in dwellings 1/13/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Ed, </B></div> <div> <B>A couple of concerns asking your opinion: </B></div> <div> <B>1. What is your opinion on electricians wiring house outlets in all the bathrooms on one circuit? I think this is a cheap interpretation of the SAFETY requirements of the code, but a poor practice as us homeowners (with wives, daughters using blow-dryers) can easily pop a breaker when using different bathrooms at the same time. I think the code should be changed to require a separate GFCI branch circuit to each bathroom, do you agree?</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm not sure what you mean by a cheap interpretation of safety. Just because you may have two many bathrooms on one circuit doesn't mean it is unsafe. The main issue of the NEC is safety from a shock hazard. All bathroom outlets are required to be GFCI protected for personal protection.</div> <div> The National Electrical Code was introduced and designed by Engineers, Inspectors, Manufactures, Electrical Contractors and the general public with the intent to make wiring standards, safely and practical; and for it's intended use. Prior to the 1996 NEC, the bathroom receptacle(s) could be connected any 15 or 20 amp circuit that was allowed in the code. After a code change of the 1999 NEC, the bathroom receptacles were required to be on a <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >20 amp only </FONT>dedicated circuit with no other outlet. </div> <bR> <div> <B>!999 NEC</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>210-11. Branch Circuits Required</B> </div> <div> <B>(c) Dwelling Units.</B> </div> <div> <B>(3) Bathroom Branch Circuits.</B> In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the bathroom receptacle outlet(s). Such circuits shall have no other outlets. </div> <div> <I>Exception: Where the 20-ampere circuit supplies a single bathroom, outlets for other equipment within the same bathroom shall be permitted to be supplied in accordance with Section 210-23(a)</I>.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>210.23(a)</B> 15- and 20-Ampere Branch Circuits. A 15- or 20-ampere branch circuit shall be permitted to supply lighting units or other utilization equipment, or a combination of both. The rating of any one cord- and plug-connected utilization equipment shall not exceed 80 percent of the branch-circuit ampere rating. The total rating of utilization equipment fastened in place, other than lighting fixtures, shall not exceed 50 percent of the branch-circuit ampere rating where lighting units, cord- and plug-connected utilization equipment not fastened in place, or both, are also supplied. </div> <div> <I>Exception: The small appliance branch circuits, laundry branch circuits, and bathroom branch circuits required in a dwelling unit(s) by Sections 210-11(c)(1), (2), and (3) shall supply only the receptacle outlets specified in that section</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I>.</I></FONT></div> <div> The code never specified the number of bathrooms you could put on one circuit. I think we can both agree that a tight budget or low bid job will make the electrical contractor and/or the general contractor to take advantage of their choices. The 1999 NEC also came up with the exception where the electrician could put the entire bathroom on it's own circuit and not feed any other outlets outside of that bathroom. Again the electrician can make a choice of putting a separate circuit for each bathroom. If you had 10 bathrooms, do you really think that the contractor would run 10 separate circuits on a bid job, or who would think 10 people would be using a hair dryer at the same time? I myself wouldn't put more than 2 bathrooms on one circuit and never put the master bathroom on the other bathroom circuits.</div> <div> Since you are adamant about this condition, you can like anyone else, can submit a proposal change to:</div> <div> <B>Secretary, Standards Council</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>National Fire Protection Association</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Quincy, Massachusetts 02269-9101</B></div> <div> <B>or fax to: 617-770-3500</B></div> <div> Since the 2005 NEC has been completed and published, your proposal (if accepted) will not become code until 2008 NEC.</div> <div> <B>2. UL allows wall switch and outlet manufacturers to provide a "push in" hole to grab the wires as well as the side screws to connect the grounded and ungrounded conductors. I do NOT like these as they fail and/or cause unwanted voltage drop at the device as they heat and cool over time and usage. What do you think on this issue?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks, </B></div> <div> <B>Fred </B></div> <div> <B>WA State resident </B></div> <bR> <div> Your concern on "push in" devices is not a new issue with other consumers. I don't remember what year it was that UL stopped listing "push in" for #12 awg conductors. I'm sure there were issues concerning this matter, but they still allowed the use of #14 awg to remain. I do understand your reasons for not liking the push ins, but I can't except your conclusions. UL like other testing laboratories is the original testing lab and they are well experienced in their skills and conclusions. To my knowledge, they do extensive testing for yours and everyone else's safety. As I tell my students and contractors, you don't have to use any equipment, appliances, vehicles or even fly if you think it's unsafe. If you feel your wiring is unsafe, you should have an electrician come over and replace all your "push in" devices. Won't you feel safer?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="generator_wire_gauge_size_132005"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Generator wire gauge size 1/3/2005</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Mr. Stubbs, first thanks for taking time to answer my question. I am wiring a generator plug into my main box for when the power goes out, the generator will put out 20 amps the run will be approximately 100' could you please tell me if 10/3 would be enough for this run or do I need to go to 8/3 thanks.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Popeye</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm very concerned with your question on your generator <U>plugged into your main box.</U> Just the words "plug into my main " makes my hair stand up. There are so Many dangers that cross my mind. I am truly hoping that you have this plug in generator installed by a licensed electrical contractor and installed safely. I hope that you are complying with Article 702 on the correct and only installation of manual or automatic transfer equipment at your main service. If it is not installed properly, you could create a very serious hazard for yourself and the power company's linemen if the circuits ever back feed from your generator. If you are not in compliance at this time, please do not connect it up. </div> <bR> <div> <B>ARTICLE 702 Optional Standby Systems</B> </div> <div> <B>I. General</B> </div> <div> <B>702.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>The provisions of this article apply to the installation and operation of optional standby systems. </I></div> <div> <I>The systems covered by this article consist of those that are permanently installed in their entirety, including prime movers, and those that are arranged for a connection to a premises wiring system from a portable alternate power supply.</I> </div> <div> <I><B>Optional Standby Systems</B></I><I>. Those systems intended to protect public or private facilities or property where life safety does not depend on the performance of the system. Optional standby systems are intended to supply on-site generated power to selected loads either automatically or manually.</I> </div> <div> <I>FPN:Optional standby systems are typically installed to provide an alternate source of electric power for such facilities as industrial and commercial buildings, farms, and residences and to serve loads such as heating and refrigeration systems, data processing and communications systems, and industrial processes that, when stopped during any power outage, could cause discomfort, serious interruption of the process, damage to the product or process, or the like.</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>702.6 Transfer Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <I>Transfer equipment shall be suitable for the intended use and </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>designed and installed so as to prevent the inadvertent interconnection of normal and alternate sources of supply </B></I></FONT><I>in any operation of the transfer equipment. Transfer equipment and electric power production systems installed to permit operation in parallel with the normal source shall meet the requirements of Article 705.</I></div> <div> Be careful of the back feed connections, it could light up your life. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="legal_question_12302004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Legal Question 12/30/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I am going to be finishing off a room in my basement soon, and I wanted to know if it was legal to do my own wiring. I am not a licensed electrician, but I have been an electrical engineer for 15 years. I am certainly more than qualified to do it, I just am not sure if I'm allowed to do it Secondly, does the wiring </B><B><U>have</U></B><B> to be inspected? Thanks in advance.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>unknown</B></div> <bR> <div> This is not an electrical code question. Your question is more of a legal question and your state or local ordinance may have legislative laws governing home owners wiring their own homes. You must contact your local municipality to get the correct information.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="exact_way_on_200_amp_service_12262004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Exact way on 200 amp service 12/26/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello, </B></div> <div> <B>I have a 200 amp service and need to know </B><B><U>exactly</U></B><B> how you take the 100 amp off the 200 service breaker box. Do I have to have a separate 200 amp service box with two 100 amp feeds out of it? Do I take the 100 amp from breakers? Exactly what has to be run? Is it possible to get a diagram? </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you, </B></div> <div> <B>Pat</B></div> <bR> <div> I can't give you the <U>exact</U> way of doing this change without seeing the <U>exact</U> conditions you have. I can direct you to the 10 and 25 foot tap rule, but I don't know your present position, plus I can't put myself in the position of laying out a job that I'm not directly or indirectly involved in.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="mix_voltage_in_the_same_box_12222004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Mix voltage in the same box 12/22/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Could please help me does the NEC allow you to pull and splice conductors of different voltages thru and in the same Boxes??? I am fighting space on a Job and I would like to run my 277/480 circuit in raceway #1 and my 120/240 circuit in raceway no#2 thru the same junction box which is 18x18 x6 inches deep race way #1 is 1/4 EMT #2 is 2 inch EMT ALL CONDUCTORS ARE 600 VOLT RATED THHN/THWN Thanks for your help.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Ed C</B></div> <bR> <div> This is not a difficult question to answer. Since they are both rated at 600 volt, the only condition you need to address is the neutral conductor. They shall be identified for each voltage, so they are not crossed up. You will have some serious damage to your equipment if you loose your neutral on a 3 phase unbalanced load.</div> <bR> <div> <B>200.6 Means of Identifying Grounded Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Sizes 6 AWG or Smaller.</B> <I>An insulated grounded conductor of 6 AWG or smaller shall be identified by a continuous white or gray outer finish or by three continuous white stripes on other than green insulation along its entire length. Wires that have their outer covering finished to show a white or gray color but have colored tracer threads in the braid identifying the source of manufacture shall be considered as meeting the provisions of this section. Insulated grounded conductors shall also be permitted to be identified as follows: </I></div> <div> <I><B>(</B></I><B>1)</B><I> The grounded conductor of a mineral-insulated, metal-sheathed cable shall be identified at the time of installation by distinctive marking at its terminations. </I></div> <div> <I>The general rule of 200.6(A) requires insulated conductors to be white or gray for their entire length. In the 1999 Code, however, the concept of marking the grounded conductor with three continuous white stripes along the entire length of the insulated conductor was added</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I>.</I></FONT></div> <div> Some contractors and inspectors have misinterpret the identification of the neutral. Some have thought it stated that one shall be white and the other one gray. Well, that won't work. Manufactures like the human eye may see gray in different shades and in different lamination. Is this a light gray or dark gray? Dull gray or bright gray? Everyone cannot see their own stripes.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="feed_through_receptacles_12202004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Feed through receptacles 12/20/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Is there anything in the NEC code that prohibits using a receptacle (non GFI) as a feed thru (connecting your feed and supplying another receptacle directly from the back of the first receptacle)?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Gerry</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm not sure about your question. Are you taking about a 2 wire underground receptacle or a 3 wire grounded receptacle? Is this existing wiring? Is this receptacle coming from a kitchen or laundry circuit? I don't have enough information to give you a direct answer.</div> <div> Besides the questions I just asked you, if none of the conditions above are an issue, you can add a receptacle from that receptacle you asked about. In residential circuits, you are not limited to the amount of additional receptacles since these are convenient outlets. Commercial outlets are limited on branch circuits as listed below.</div> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="14990e50.png" border=0 width="400" height="229" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="12_volt_track_lights_12142004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>12 Volt track lights 12/14/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, I am installing some 12v track heads in a residential home in -------- County. The fixtures have a mounting box (similar to a pan box) that sets flush with the ceiling. We installed the switch leg into the attic above these fixtures, and set junction boxes to contain the transformers. From each junction we installed 18 gauge stranded wire, home run to each fixture. We were rejected due to the wiring being concealed and the inspector wanted these to be 14-2. I spoke briefly with(--------) this afternoon about this issue, but wanted to get a clearer code interpretation on this.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks for you input.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Dennis</B></div> <div> <B> </B></div> <div> Well Dennis, I must disappoint you again and side with the other two interpretations of the track lights.</div> <div> Let's first clear up your installation. The manufactures installation requirements; the testing lab listing and label;and the wiring methods in chapter 3.</div> <bR> <div> <B>ARTICLE 411 Lighting Systems Operating at 30 Volts or Less</B> </div> <div> <B>411.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers lighting systems operating at 30 volts or less and their associated components. </I></div> <div> <B>411.2 Definition.</B> </div> <div> <I>Lighting Systems Operating at 30 Volts or Less. A lighting system consisting of an isolating power supply operating at 30 volts (42.4 volts peak) or less, under any load condition, with one or more secondary circuits, each limited to 25 amperes maximum, supplying luminaries (lighting fixtures) and associated equipment identified for the use.</I> </div> <div> <B>411.3 Listing Required.</B> </div> <div> <I>Lighting systems operating at 30 volts or less shall be listed for the purpose</I>. </div> <bR> <div> <B>411.4 Locations Not Permitted</B>. </div> <div> <I>Lighting systems operating at 30 volts or less shall not be installed (1) where concealed or extended through a building wall, unless using a </I><I><U>wiring method specified in Chapter 3,</U></I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I> or (2) within 3.0 m (10 ft) of pools, spas, fountains, or similar locations, except as permitted by Article 680.</I></FONT></div> <div> The manufacture is required by The National Testing Lab Association (NTLA) to design the equipment as an assembly unit with specifications. If you make alterations or changes on the equipment, you will violate the listing and label required by the testing lab and leaves the Authority Having Jurisdiction liable if they approved it. That falls under article 110. 2 and article 110.3. </div> <div> <B>110.2 Approval.</B> </div> <div> <I>The conductors and equipment required or permitted by this Code shall be acceptable only if approved.</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> All electrical equipment is required to be approved as defined in Article 100 and, as such, to be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction (also defined in Article 100). Section 110.3 provides guidance for the evaluation of equipment and recognizes listing or labeling as a means of establishing suitability.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Approval of equipment is the responsibility of the electrical inspection authority, and many such approvals are based on tests and listings of testing laboratories.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>110.3 Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <I>(A) Examination. In judging equipment, considerations such as the following shall be evaluated: </I></div> <div> <I>(1) Suitability for installation and use in conformity with the provisions of this Code</I> </div> <div> <I>FPN:Suitability of equipment use may be identified by a description marked on or provided with a product to identify the suitability of the product for a specific purpose, environment, or application. Suitability of equipment may be evidenced by listing or labeling. </I></div> <div> <I>(2) Mechanical strength and durability, including, for parts designed to enclose and protect other equipment, the adequacy of the protection thus provided </I></div> <div> <I>(3) Wire-bending and connection space </I></div> <div> <I>(4) Electrical insulation </I></div> <div> <I>(5) Heating effects under normal conditions of use and also under abnormal conditions likely to arise in service </I></div> <div> <I>(6) Arcing effects </I></div> <div> <I>(7) Classification by type, size, voltage, current capacity, and specific use </I></div> <div> <I>(8) Other factors that contribute to the practical safeguarding of persons using or likely to come in contact with the equipment</I> </div> <div> <B>(B) Installation and Use.</B><I> Listed or labeled equipment shall be installed and used in accordance with any instructions included in the listing or labeling.</I></div> <div> Now let's move to Chapter 3 where all wiring methods shall be used. </div> <div> <B>300.1 Scope</B>. </div> <div> <B>(A) All Wiring Installations.</B> <I>This article covers wiring methods for all wiring installations unless modified by other articles.</I> </div> <div> <B>(B) Integral Parts of Equipment. </B><I>The provisions of this article </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>are not intended to apply to the conductors that form an integral part of equipment,</I></FONT><I> such as motors, controllers, motor control centers, or factory assembled control equipment or listed utilization equipment.</I> </div> <div> <B>310.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers general requirements for conductors and their type designations, insulations, markings, mechanical strengths, ampacity ratings, and uses. These requirements </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>do not apply to conductors that form an integral part of equipment</I></FONT><I>, such as motors, motor controllers, and similar equipment, or to conductors specifically provided for elsewhere in this Code.</I> </div> <div> <B>310.5 Minimum Size of Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <I>The minimum size of conductors shall be as shown in Table 310.5.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 1: For flexible cords as permitted by 400.12.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 2: For fixture wire as permitted by 402.6.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 3: For motors rated 1 hp or less as permitted by 430.22(F).</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 4: For cranes and hoists as permitted by 610.14.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 5: For elevator control and signaling circuits as permitted by 620.12.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 6: For Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 circuits as permitted by 725.27(A) and 725.51, Exception.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 7: For fire alarm circuits as permitted by 760.27(A), 760.51, Exception, and 760.71(B).</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 8: For motor-control circuits as permitted by 430.72.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 9: For control and instrumentation circuits as permitted by 727.6.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 10: For electric signs and outline lighting as permitted in 600.31(B) and 600.32(B).</I></div> <div> <I>Table </I>310.5 shows that the minimum conductor size is 14 awg copper or 12 awg aluminum. The exceptions above do not show article 411 low voltage equipment nor does it allow 18 gauge conductors. I hope you understand why you were turned down by others.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="400_amp_residential_underground_service"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>400 AMP Residential underground service 12/4/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Ed, </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks for taking the time to answer my question. I am a small electric company and I've never wired a 400 Amp residential service. But, I guess most of its the same through and through. There's just a few questions I need help with. Here we go!! </B></div> <div> <B>On the secondary side of the service feeder (from the transformer to the meter), what type of wire is required for a 400 Amp service? Would it be 2 sets of 4/0 Al SE feeders in parallel or use just one wire (Rated for 400 amps) having a splicing apparatus directly below the service entry? The reason I'm asking is for this. I plan to have this 400 amp service as 2 200Amp services in the home and it will also require 2 200 disconnects because of the distance between the meter and the panels. I'm trying to save money by not having to buy a 400 Amp Disconnect. I'm thinking the simple answer is to use a trough, but if I just knew whether or not I can use 2 200Amp SE Feeders to avoid using a splice box of sorts, it would be great. Also, whether or not I use 1 (400amp) or 2 (200amp) sets of wire, what will my underground PVC size need to be for each respectively. Thank you for any help. FYI, I'm in Kentucky. </B></div> <div> <B>Chris H. </B></div> <div> <B>We are not required to use CT's on 400 Amp services. They can be metered with a regular residential type glass cylinder meters. Thanks.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> Either choice will work. I don't know about Kentucky, but here in Georgia, the power company runs the service drop or the service laterals to the meter enclosure wither it is 100, 200, or 400 amp single phase only. The power company also supplies the 400 amp single phase current transformer (CT) enclosure with single or double lugs to accommodate parallel conductors. You do not need a 400 amp disconnect to supply two 200 amp mains. Remember, you can have six mains grouped in one location, as long as they don't exceed the calculated demand of the service conductors and the main(s). Most contractors don't even take the time to calculate the demand of a service to a dwelling. If you think about it, you will have 400 amps on phase A and 400 amps on phase B, giving you a total of 800 amps to supply the whole house. Once you subtract all of the 240 volts connected load equipment from the service size, you will have a very large amount of 120 volt ampacity left over. Think about a small commercial building that is 120/240 volt single phase with only a 200 amp service. They have a lot more equipment and lights running all day. Do you get my drift?</div> <bR> <div> Now, back to your question. You can install two 200 amp mains with one on each side of the CT meter with 4/0 aluminum feeding each main. I do believe the power company will install their own burial cable to the meter CT. If you do have to install the conductors and raceways, it will be your choice on the cost factor and labor time to figure out the most economical way to install your service. Burial cable may be the most sensible way to go. 2 sets of 3 wire 4/0 AL in a 2 inch PVC raceway or 1 set of 3 wire 600 kcmils AL in a 3 inch PVC raceway conduit.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="computing_load_for_service_11252004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Computing load for service 11/25/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I am trying to compute the total load for a commercial store to see if the existing service is adequate for the new intended purpose, or if the service needs to be upgraded. </B></div> <div> <B>The building is 42,000 sq.ft., it has 8' fluorescent tube lighting throughout the ceilings, which should be adequate as it was intended. There is a 100amp service supplying the existing lights and outlets.. </B></div> <div> <B>There will be several office communication centers (5-7) to include computers.(2,000 sq.ft.) Another 2,000 sq.ft. Will be storage. </B></div> <div> <B>The retail floor will be divided into booth spaces ranging from 4x8 ft to 20x20 ft. Each booth will contain 1 or more outlets for incandescent lamps(floor lamps, table lamps, chandeliers. There will be limits set on the allowed wattage of bulbs, and the number per sq.ft.(approximately 240 watt bulbs for every 16 sq.ft. Of floor space, and 8-15 watt chandelier bulbs per 16 sq.ft.) </B></div> <div> <B>There will be about 7,000 sq.ft. That will be used as aisles for walking and will not be included in the booth sq. footage. </B></div> <div> <B>The load will be constant for 8-10 hours per day. </B></div> <div> <B>My calculations work out needing a change from 100amp service to 500 amp service. Do you think that this may be correct? </B></div> <div> <B>Any insight would be appreciated !</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>David</B></div> <bR> <div> David, I'm sorry that I didn't get to your question sooner, but after reading your question, I noticed you didn't supply me with enough information. Single phase or three phase, 240 volts or 208 volts, 480 volts and is there an A/C unit? What about communication equipment, etc.?</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="subpanel_question_11252004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Subpanel question 11/25/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I have a single family dwelling with detached garage in Southern California. The home has 100 amp service (panel located in enclosure at exterior of home) with no subpanels. I would like to replace the archaic existing electrical panel with a modern design for a pending remodel as well as add a subpanel in the garage. I intend to upgrade to 200 amp service, who pays for the wiring from the transformer and the new meter (is there a standard here)? Because the garage is located nearest to the service point, I am curious if I could simply add a 200 amp panel in the garage and feed the home with a 100 amp subpanel? This would save a lot of time but seems as if this is too easy a solution. Thanks for the help.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Peter </B></div> <div> <B>Long Beach, CA </B></div> <bR> <div> Before I try and answer your question, I must remind everyone that you may have a local or state ordinance or may not have adopted the 2002 NEC. Please check in lue of my answer. My delay for your answer is because I had two many questions in Nov and Dec to get too. Thank you for your interest in my web site.</div> <bR> <div> Since you asked about the wiring from the transformer, I'm sure you are talking about the local power company. I can not tell you if there is a service charge or not since I don't live in California, but I did love my visit there. Without going into details and local rules, you can install your 200 amp main service to the garage and feed back to your existing subpanel in the house with a 100 amp feeder. When you hire your electrician to do the work. I hope he can fill you in the wiring method he will be using. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div>  <A NAME="electrical_conduit_11222004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>Electrical conduit 11/22/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I am installing 210 linear feet of conduit from a commercial building to the transformer pad. In the path is an existing concrete footing that will be removed one month after the new service is on line. What is the code for this new conduit, should I go along the side? How far away? How deep, etc.? I do have a good amount of room on either side of the existing footing. </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you. Bobby.</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm sure the answer I'm giving you will be to late, but here it is. </div> <div> I'm going to start with new raceway as a temporary installation under Article 527. Bare in mind, with this installation, you must be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. They may require you to use the wiring methods in chapter 3, which is the permeate method for burial in Table 300.5. </div> <bR> <div> <B>ARTICLE 527 Temporary Installations</B> </div> <div> <B>527.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>The provisions of this article apply to temporary electrical power and lighting installations.</I> </div> <div> <B>527.2 All Wiring Installations.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Other Articles.</B> <I>Except as specifically modified in this article, all other requirements of this Code for permanent wiring shall apply to temporary wiring installations.</I> </div> <div> <B>(B) Approval.</B> <I>Temporary wiring methods shall be acceptable only if approved based on the conditions of use and any special requirements of the temporary installation.</I> </div> <div> <B>300.5 Underground Installations.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Minimum Cover Requirements</B>. <I>Direct-buried cable or conduit or other raceways shall be installed to meet the minimum cover requirements of Table 300.5.</I></div> <div> Under Article 230 Services, there are only two types of wiring methods for outside service entrance conductors and that is aerial or underground. Since you are talking about underground installation, you shall comply with table 300.5. </div> <bR> <div> <B>230.32 Protection Against Damage.</B> </div> <div> <I>Underground service-lateral conductors shall be protected against damage in accordance with 300.5.</I></div> <div> It is obvious that the service conductor shall not accessible to any type of damage or contact without overcurrent protection. </div> <div> If you don't have a choice with the conditions above, the next temporary solution is to put a main with overcurrent protection next to the power companies transformer pad and run the conductors in a rigid metal conduit and surface mount them or use another approved method and protect them from physical damage. Feeders are not required to be buried if you use an approved wiring method.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="arc_welder_sizing_11172004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Arc welder sizing 11/17/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>My town has adopted the 2003 NEC code. I as a homeowner am roughing in the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>boxes to make sure they will all be flush with the drywall I will have to</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>install later. My first and hopefully simple question is how close can a</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>switch or receptacle that will be GFCI protected be to a sink? Either</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>laterally vertically or a vector of the two measurements.</B></div> <div> <B>Now for the tougher question. I bought a Lincoln Arc Welder a Precision TIG</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>275 to be exact. In the install data for a worst case scenario , welding at</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>or above 275 amps with a 70% unbalanced load, there are dials to change the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>output wave form and balance, to use a copper #3 wire on each supply leg and</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>a #6 copper on the ground leg in metal conduit of undermined size. The</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>problem I have with this is that they want to run a 150 amp 'inverse time'</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>or 'thermal magnetic breaker'. They are citing the 1999 code as this being</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>correct with 75 degree wire though they do not list the exact spec for the</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>wire or insulation. After calling them they just said not to worry it will</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>be fine as they had it printed in the setup even though from what I can get</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>from the NEC 2002 code the 150 amp breaker should have, with 90 degree wire,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>#1 wire and I assume very close to that on the ground wire a possible # 2 or</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>#3. Are the people that made the welder correct on their wire sizes or</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>should I just follow the NEC 2002 code or does the NEC 2003 code have</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>anything further to offer. If you come to a conclusion on the correct wire</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>gauge for the breaker a little help on sizing the conduit would also be</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>helpful. They are also claiming a maximum load of 112 amps but I am assuming</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>they want the 150 amp breaker for the inrush current to the transformer in</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>the welder.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Dave </B></div> <bR> <div> I regret to inform you that there is no 2003 NEC. The next official NEC (NFPA 70) shall be 2005 NEC, which has not yet been adopted by any State or local jurisdiction.</div> <bR> <div> Question #1 answer. </div> <div> First, switches are not required to be GFCI protected. Second, there is no minimum distance for the location of the switch or the GFCI protected receptacle from the sink. They can be over the sink if the framing doesn't allow the outlets to be located to the right or left of the sink. Article 210.52 requires that the small appliance outlet serving the countertop shall not be more than 2 foot from the edge of the countertop and not more than 4 foot apart.</div> <div> 210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets. </div> <div> (B) Small Appliances. </div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="1528e270.png" border=0 width="398" height="807" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Tough question #2 answer; </div> <div> Rule number 1: Listing or label shall be used in accordance with any instruction by the manufacture. Bare in mind, they did design the equipment that you are using<B><U> and</U></B> they had to follow all calculations; and testing by others for safe use. You have to give them some credit of understanding electricity.</div> <div> The first place to go is to article 630-Welders in the 2002 NEC. This article covers (without major calculations) the minimum requirement of arc welders and resistant welders. The duty cycle, the frequency, the conductor size and overcurrent protection. </div> <div> <B> <A NAME="article_630_electric_welders"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>ARTICLE 630 Electric Welders</B> </div> <div> <B>I. General</B> </div> <div> <B>630.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers electric arc welding, resistance welding apparatus, and other similar welding equipment that is connected to an electric supply system</I> </div> <div> <B>II. Arc Welders</B> </div> <div> <B>630.11 Ampacity of Supply Conductors</B>. </div> <div> <I>The ampacity of conductors for arc welders shall be in accordance with 630.11(A) and (B).</I> </div> <div> <B>(A) Individual Welders.</B> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>The ampacity of the supply conductors shall not be less than the If value on the rating plate.</I></FONT><I> Alternatively, if the If is not given, the ampacity of the supply conductors shall not be less than the current value determined by multiplying the rated primary current in amperes given on the welder rating plate and the factor shown in Table 630.11(A) based on </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>the duty cycle</I></FONT><I> of the welder.</I> </div> <div> <B>630.12 Overcurrent Protection.</B> </div> <div> <I>Overcurrent protection for arc welders shall be as provided in 630.12(A) and (B). Where the values as determined by this section do not correspond with the standard ampere ratings provided in 240.6 or the rating or setting specified results in unnecessary opening of the overcurrent device, the next higher standard rating or setting shall be permitted.</I> </div> <div> <B>(A) For Welders.</B> <I>Each welder shall have overcurrent protection rated or </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>set at not more than 200 percent </I></FONT><I>of I1max. Alternatively, if the I1max is not given, the overcurrent protection shall be rated or set at not more than 200 percent of the rated primary current of the welder.</I> </div> <div> <I>An overcurrent device shall not be required for a welder that has supply conductors protected by an overcurrent device rated or set at not more than 200 percent of I1max or the rated primary current of the welder.</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <I>If the supply conductors for a welder are protected by an overcurrent device rated or set at not more than 200 percent of I1max or rated primary current of the welder, a separate overcurrent device shall not be required.</I> </div> <div> <B>(B) For Conductors.</B> <I>Conductors that supply one or more welders shall be protected by an overcurrent device rated or set at not more than 200 percent of the conductor ampacity.</I></div> <div> The reason the conductors and overcurrent devices may seem small is that the contact time is less than one second or 60 cycles per second. Before you can blink your eyes, the weld is done, unless you can blink 60 times in one second.</div> <div> In conclusion, you must forget about the 90 degree column. Your standard rating on the wire terminal connections is only 75 degrees. That is why the manufacture required the sizing in that column. The insulation on the conductors had to be in the 75 degree column even if the insulation is rated in the 90 degree column. Trust the manufactures listing and label. They are liable for your safety when you comply with the listing and label. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><U>Back</U></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="8_code_questions_11172004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>8 code questions 11/17/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>ED, </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks for the cool web site. </B></div> <bR> <div> OK Mr. question man: </div> <div> You hit me with 8 questions at one time. What are you trying to do to me? Please, one at a time in the future.</div> <bR> <div> <B>1. Is it ok to pull romex through a 2 inch white PVC plumbing pipe passing through a slab to a island cabinet only using the pipe as a chase ? </B></div> <bR> <div> All electrical installation shall comply with the articles of the current 2002 NEC </div> <div> <B>110.8 Wiring Methods.</B> </div> <div> <I>Only wiring methods recognized as suitable are included in this Code. The recognized methods of wiring shall be permitted to be installed in any type of building or occupancy, except as otherwise provided in this Code.</I> </div> <div> You can use rigid nonmetallic conduit in article 352. </div> <div> <B>352.10 Uses Permitted.</B> </div> <div> The use of RNC shall be permitted under the following conditions. </div> <div> <I>FPN:Extreme cold may cause some nonmetallic conduits to become brittle and therefore more susceptible to damage from physical contact.</I> </div> <div> <B>(A) </B>Concealed. In walls, floors, and ceilings. </div> <bR> <div> <B>2. What is the definition of a bedroom ? </B></div> <bR> <div> I don't have the exact wording for a bedroom, but it must consist of no less than one openable window and a closet. Some basements that are converted to a bedroom don't have windows or windows that open and are not considered a bedroom. Arc-fault are not required by code, but it would be better to install them for the customer safety. </div> <bR> <div> <B>3. We want to ground the rebar of slabs on residential projects in lieu of driving ground rods. What is the proper method. Is this code worthy ? We currently use 2 acorn clamps and #4 ground wire. </B></div> <bR> <div> Yes you can use it instead of the driven ground rods if it is available on the premise and in direct contact with the earth. </div> <div> <B>250.50 Grounding Electrode System.</B> </div> <div> <I>If available on the premises at each building or structure served, each item in 250.52(A)(1) through (A)(6) shall be bonded together to form the grounding electrode system. Where none of these electrodes are available, one or more of the electrodes specified in 250.52(A)(4) through (A)(7) shall be installed and used.</I> </div> <div> <B>250.52 Grounding Electrodes.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Electrodes Permitted for Grounding.</B> </div> <div> <I><B>(3) Concrete-Encased Electrode</B></I><I>. An electrode encased by at least 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete, located within and near the bottom of a concrete foundation or footing that is in direct contact with the earth, consisting of at least 6.0 m (20 ft) of one or more bare or zinc galvanized or other electrically conductive coated steel reinforcing bars or rods of not less than 13 mm (½ in.) in diameter, or consisting of at least 6.0 m (20 ft) of bare copper conductor not smaller than 4 AWG. Reinforcing bars shall be permitted to be bonded together by the usual steel tie wires or other effective means.</I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="1538bfd0.png" border=0 width="395" height="253" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <B>4. Is there a code required distance between a gas meter and electric meter when they are side by side? </B></div> <bR> <div> The only clearance required by the NEC is Article 110.26. Unless the local Gas Company has a requirement, our codes only concern is a safety working clearance. </div> <div> <B>110.26 Spaces About Electrical Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <I>Sufficient access and working space shall be provided and maintained about all electric equipment to permit ready and safe operation and maintenance of such equipment. Enclosures housing electrical apparatus that are controlled by lock and key shall be considered accessible to qualified persons.</I> </div> <div> <B>(A) Working Space</B>.<I> Working space for equipment operating at 600 volts, nominal, or less to ground and likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized shall comply with the dimensions of 110.26(A)(1), (2), and (3) or as required or permitted elsewhere in this Code.</I> </div> <div> <B>(1) Depth of Working Space</B>. <I>The depth of the working space in the direction of live parts shall not be less than that specified in Table 110.26(A)(1) unless the requirements of 110.26(A)(1)(a), (b), or (c) are met. Distances shall be measured from the exposed live parts or from the enclosure or opening if the live parts are enclosed.</I> </div> <bR> <div> <B>5. On hydromassage tubs why can't we use a regular GFCI receptacle that feeds the receptacle under the tub rather than a blank face GFCI on these tubs? Is there a code section? These motors only draw 6 amp.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> There is no requirement for a blank face GFCI outlet. I went back to the 1993 NEC to identify the changes made and Article 680.70 changed to 680.71 and the additional change was that any receptacle that is within 5 foot of the tub shall be GFCI protected. The wording doesn't require the circuit from the overcurrent device to have ground-fault protection. </div> <bR> <div> <B>680.71 Protection.</B> </div> <div> Hydromassage bathtubs and their associated electrical components shall be protected by a ground-fault circuit interrupter. All 125-volt, single-phase receptacles not exceeding 30 amperes and located within 1.5 m (5 ft) measured horizontally of the inside walls of a hydromassage tub shall be protected by a ground-fault circuit interrupter(s). </div> <bR> <div> <B>6. Where in the code book is it required to put GFCI stickers on GFCI protected outlets on new construction with a ground?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div>  <A NAME="6__gfci_stickers_not_required_1"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> GFCI stickers: Not required, see <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><U>GFCI Stickers</U></FONT> </div> <bR> <div> <B>7. Can a washer 20 amp circuit feed another outlet in the laundry room for general use and if so can we use standard duplex receptacles on both instead single outlet ? </B></div> <bR> <div> You can do either combination as long as the additional outlet(s) is part of the laundryroom. </div> <div> <B>210.11 Branch Circuits Required.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Dwelling Units.</B> </div> <div> <B>(2) Laundry Branch Circuits.</B> In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one additional 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the laundry receptacle outlet(s) required by 210.52(F). This circuit shall have no other outlets. </div> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>(F) Laundry Areas.</B> In dwelling units, at least one receptacle outlet shall be installed for the laundry. </div> <bR> <div> <B>8. Do some municipalities require a smoke detector in every bedroom in either single family or multifamily?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks TOM</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Some local municipalities may require smoke detectors in every bedroom under a local ordinance, but the State of Georgia only requires them near the bedroom areas and at least one on each floor of a dwelling. Now let's not get Arc-fault protection and smoke detectors confused. Arc-fault detect arcing in the circuits and cause the power to disconnect at it's source. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >Smoke detector only Spence smoke</FONT> and only sends out an audible alarm to alert you and others. </div> <bR> <div> <B>210.12 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Definition</B>. An arc-fault circuit interrupter is a device intended to provide protection from the effects of arc faults by recognizing characteristics unique to arcing and by functioning to de-energize the circuit when an arc fault is detected. </div> <div> <B>(B) Dwelling Unit Bedrooms</B>. All branch circuits that supply 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere outlets installed in dwelling unit bedrooms shall be protected by an arc-fault circuit interrupter listed to provide protection of the entire branch circuit.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bathroom_circuits_11142004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bathroom circuits 11/14/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I am finishing my basement and am located in VA. The local building inspector stated they had no local ordinances other than the 1999 NEC when I applied for the permit. I have installed 2 circuits in the bathroom, 1 to serve the fan/vent/ceiling light fixture, and 1 which serves 2 GFCI recpt's and the lights above the mirror at the vanity. Am I allowed to use the recpt circuit for the lighting or do the recpt's need to be totally separate? </B></div> <div> <B>My second question regards GFCI in an unfinished workshop located in the basement. I believe the code states that all recpt's in an unfinished basement must be GFCI. Do I need a GFCI for 220V equipment, such as a 120v bandsaw and 120v dust collector? I can define them as dedicated outlets or convenience outlets if it makes a difference, but I have been unable to locate a 120v GFCI recpt or breaker, what is the correct method by code or otherwise? </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you in advance for any info.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>-Eric</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Question 1 answer:</B> </div> <div> If the State of Virginia is on the 1999 NEC and doesn't have a local ordinance, then you shall comply with Article </div> <div> 210.11(C)(3).</div> <div> <B>210-11. Branch Circuits Required</B> </div> <div> <B>(c) Dwelling Units.</B> </div> <div> <B>(3) Bathroom Branch Circuits</B>. In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the bathroom receptacle outlet(s). Such circuits shall have no other outlets. </div> <div> <I><B>Exception: Where the 20-ampere circuit supplies a single bathroom, outlets for other equipment within the same bathroom shall be permitted to be supplied in accordance with Section 210-23(a)</B></I><I>.</I></div> <div> As you can see, with exception, you are permitted to have the complete bathroom on the same 20 amp branch circuit.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Question 2 answer:</B> </div> <div> If you look up Article 210.8, it will read that all 125 volt single phase receptacles, not 220 volts.</div> <div> <B>210-8. Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel</B> </div> <div> <B>(a) Dwelling Units</B>. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>All 125-volt, single-phase,</B></FONT> 15- and 20-ampere receptacles installed in the locations specified below shall have ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel. </div> <div> <B>5. Unfinished basements.</B> For purposes of this section, unfinished basements are defined as portions or areas of the basement not intended as habitable rooms and limited to storage areas, work areas, and the like.</div> <div> Ground-fault protection (which is one phase to ground) is for personal protection. Since we are always subject to be grounded in all areas of Article 210.8, a shock hazard is highly possible. 240 volts or 208 volts is normally phase to phase, where most people will not come in contact with which is called short circuit.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="3_wire___ground_equipment_11142004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>3 Wire & ground equipment 11/14/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Sir, </B></div> <div> <B>I am from the UK currently working in S America where they apply the NEC. We normally work with either 2 wire single phase, 3 wire three phase, or 4 wire three phase. I have a piece of equipment that requires a 3 wire (two phase and neutral supply). This equipment total rating is 3.8 kW. They recommend a 20A circuit breaker. Assuming a balanced load over the two phases each phase will take 1.9 kw or 15.8A. As the neutral current will be the vector sum of the phase current, would you normally provide overload protection in the neutral also? This arrangement is not one we would use in the UK as we are required to protect all live conductors. </B></div> <div> <B>Regards, </B></div> <div> <B>Graeme </B></div> <bR> <div> If you are complying with the 2002 NEC, then you cannot install overload protection on the neutral conductor.</div> <div> <B>430.37 Devices Other Than Fuses — In Which Conductor.</B> </div> <div> Where devices other than fuses are used for motor overload protection, Table 430.37 shall govern the minimum allowable number and location of overload units such as trip coils or relays.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Table 430.37 Overload Units</B> </div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="676" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 58 WIDTH="197"><div> <B>Kind of Motor</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="241"><div> <B>Supply System</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="218"><div> <B>Number and Location of Overload Units, Such as Trip Coils or Relays</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="197"><div> 2-phase ac</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> 3-wire, 2-phase ac, ungrounded</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="218"><div> 2, one in each phase</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 WIDTH="197"><div> 2-phase ac</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="241"><div> 3-wire, 2-phase ac, one conductor grounded</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> 2 in ungrounded conductors</div> <bR> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <bR> <div> I can't help you on the right overcurrent protections since you didn't reveal the voltage. Table 430.149 shall be your ampacity chart and 430.52 will calculate your short circuit-ground fault protection table.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="switching_1172004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Switching 11/7/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi, I am a journeyman electrician. I am currently wiring this addition; it has one entrance from the home (hallway) and on the other side across from each other is (2) doorwalls. I know a outside light is required. But do I have to 3 and way the interior lighting. And also is a doorwall considered a entrance? When you wire a home You never put a 3-way next to doorwall that comes off a deck into a kitchen. Can you Help? </B></div> <bR> <div> I have no ideal what a doorwall is. Please E-mail me again and I'll try to answer your question. </div> <div> Ed Stubbs</div> <bR> <div> <B>A doorwall is a sliding glass door. Usually 6 to 8 ft. wide. Usually an entrance from a deck or patio. Most doorwalls have no way to unlock from the outside. The 2002 NEC has no reference to doorwalls or sliding glass doors. </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you </B></div> <div> <B>Anthony D.</B></div> <bR> <div> I can help you with this question. </div> <div> Article 210.70 requires a switched light for exterior side of outside doors with an entrance or exist. Doorwalls (patio doors) normally don't have a means to enter a dwelling unless the occupants have or installed a key entrance lock. Even if this was an entrance, the code only addresses one switch entering a habitable room.</div> <div> <B>210.70 Lighting Outlets Required.</B> </div> <div> Lighting outlets shall be installed where specified in 210.70(A), (B), and (C). </div> <div> <B>(A) Dwelling Units.</B> In dwelling units, lighting outlets shall be installed in accordance with 210.70(A)(1), (2), and (3). </div> <div> <B>(2) Additional Locations.</B> Additional lighting outlets shall be installed in accordance with (a), (b), and (c). </div> <div> <B>(a) </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>At least one wall switch</B></FONT>-controlled lighting outlet shall be installed in hallways, stairways, attached garages, and detached garages with electric power. </div> <div> <B>(b) </B>For dwelling units, attached garages, and detached garages with electric power, at least one wall switch–controlled lighting outlet shall be installed to provide illumination on the exterior side of outdoor entrances or exits with grade level access. A vehicle door in a garage shall not be considered as an outdoor entrance or exit. </div> <div> <B>(c)</B> Where one or more lighting outlet(s) are installed for interior stairways, there shall be a wall switch at each floor level, and landing level that includes an entry way, to control the lighting outlet(s) where the stairway between floor levels has six risers or more.</div> <div> Common practice of installing a 3 way or 4 way switch for all entrance would always make your work in good standings with the owner, sells person or general contractor when turning over a new home or addition. Wouldn't you want that in your home? </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="moble_home_10272004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Mobile home 10/27/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I live in Tucson, Arizona and have yet to find anyone that can tell me what I need to know. I am living in a mobile home that has the main panel w/meter set in the ground. It has two main wires coming in. 1 surely must be hot, the other Neutral. So where is the ground? The other thing is it has the capacity for 2 100 amp breakers. My home uses all of the 100 amp currently there but I wish to install a subpanel and branch out of it with electrical for my outbuilding (home office), garage. Fish ponds, outside lighting, etc. any suggestions on how this should be done. I know it must be in conduit and I must use #2 wiring, but where does the hot , neutral, and ground attach into the sub. </B></div> <div> <B>Michael</B></div> <bR> <div> Reading your question gives me the impression that you are not an electrician, so answering your question may be as difficult as me asking a brain surgeon to explain to me why the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body in detail. </div> <bR> <div> What you need is a licensed electrician to stop at your mobile home and look at your wiring.</div> <bR> <div> I can tell you that you do have a neutral conductor, which is that bare conductor called the grounded conductor that is connected to the center lug of the meter enclosure and bonded to the neutral bar in the main disconnect next to the meter or the main/panelboard in your mobile home. I'm not sure if you are under a local ordinance, so there are so many issues that are not clear to me. I also can tell you that your 100 amp double pole breaker service is 100 amps on phase A and 100 amps on phase B and your mobile home will not have a demand for 100 amps. You can possibly install a 60 amp double pole breaker from your main and supply another panelboard for your office, garage, pond, etc.</div> <div>  </div> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="power_company_transformer_1132004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Power company transformer 11/3/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>There was a problem with the power company transformer and the next month my energy bill came back very high there was also a bad connection at the service point can that affect the meter where I was getting low voltage and as soon as they change it my bill can back to normal. I guess my question is can those problems affect the consumption?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Devon</B></div> <div> <B> </B></div> <div> This may be one question you may have to get an engineers opinion. I can guess and pick at some theories on arcing, voltage drop and power surge that could change your power consumption and cause your rates to change. </div> <bR> <div> One thing I did think about is how the power company transformer ahead of your meter is affecting your bill. I do know some engineers at the power company, but I don't know who your power company is. Maybe if you send me information, I can refer you to the right department. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="switch_mounting_height_10252004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Switch mounting height 10/25/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Ed, </B></div> <div> <B>What is the mounting height for a light switch to be in compliance with the Americans with handicaps? </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks </B></div> <div> <B>David</B></div> <bR> <div> Well David; </div> <div> Only through my 38 years of being an electrician and reading specifications, I'm aware that you, everybody else and myself have been installing switches at the handicap height for many years. The height is 48 inches on center. </div> <bR> <div> Since light switches are general use for everyone, it became a common practice to locate the switch at 48 inches, not like motor switches, attic and control switches. The NEC has always required the maximum height to be 6 foot 6 inches and changed to 6 ft. 7 in. in the 1996 NEC, Article 380-8, then changed to Article 404.8 in the 2002 NEC.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="200_amp_service_10192004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>200 Amp Service 10/19/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I was wondering if it's legal to run two 100 amp panels off of one 200 A service? What I want to do is run a 100 A panel in the house and run a 100 A disconnect that feeds a 100 A panel in a pole barn both off of the 200 A meter. </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks </B></div> <div> <B>Ted</B></div> <bR> <div> Yes, it is legal. </div> <div> The size of the service to the single family dwelling shall not have a rating of less than 100 amperes. Since we know you have a 200 amp service entrance conductor to the house, you can break it down to a maximum of six mains where at least one shall not be less than 100 amps to the single family dwelling. There are several articles that cover this question. Article 230.79 and 230.71.</div> <bR> <div> <B>230-79. Rating of Service Disconnecting Means</B> </div> <div> <B>(c) One-Family Dwelling.</B> For a one-family dwelling, the service disconnecting means shall have a rating of not less than 100 amperes, 3-wire. </div> <div> <B>(d) All Others</B>. For all other installations, the service disconnecting means shall have a rating of not less than 60 amperes. </div> <div> <B>230-71. Maximum Number of Disconnects</B> </div> <div> <B>(a) General.</B> The service disconnecting means for each service permitted by Section 230-2, or for each set of service-entrance conductors permitted by Section 230-40, Exception Nos. 1 or 3, shall consist of<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" > not more than six switches or six circuit breakers mounted in a single enclosure, in a group of separate enclosures</FONT>, or in or on a switchboard. There shall be no more than six disconnects per service grouped in any one location. For the purpose of this section, disconnecting means used solely for power monitoring equipment or the control circuit of the ground-fault protection system, installed as part of the listed equipment, shall not be considered a service disconnecting means.</div> <bR> <div> Since there will be two main breakers, the conductors leaving the main service enclosure(s) will be feeders. The feeder to the house shall not be less than the 100 amp disconnect serving the dwelling. </div> <div> <B>215-2. Minimum Rating and Size</B> </div> <div> <B>(d) Individual Dwelling Unit or Mobile Home Conductors.</B> Feeder conductors for individual dwelling units or mobile homes need not be larger than service-entrance conductors. Section 310-15(b)(6) shall be permitted to be used for conductor size.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="afci_1072004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>AFCI 10/7/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I am a homeowner in Georgia and I am contemplating replacing my circuit </B></div> <div> <B>breaker panel. It is an old Federal Pacific panel and I am concerned </B></div> <div> <B>about the possibility of the breakers not tripping in an overload </B></div> <div> <B>condition.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>My question concerns NEC 210.12. </B></div> <div> <B>If I replace my panel, and I don't add any circuits, or do any other </B></div> <div> <B>construction, in your opinion, would I be required by 210.12 to add Arc </B></div> <div> <B>Fault Circuit Interrupters to the bedroom circuits? I have read 210.12 </B></div> <div> <B>but I can't find an interpretation pertaining to existing structures. My house was built in 1986 and the bedroom circuits are not on separate breakers, so I have a feeling I would </B></div> <div> <B>need to rewire the house to comply with this requirement. Your thoughts.....Ron</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div>  <A NAME="some_contractors_inspectors"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> Some contractors, inspectors misinterpret the mandatory applications of the NEC. (<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="The Authority Having Jurisdiction"><U><U>Authority Having Jurisdiction</U></U></A></FONT>) </div> <div> <B>210-12. Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection</B> </div> <div> <B>(a) Definition</B>. An arc-fault circuit interrupter is a device intended to provide protection from the effects of arc faults by recognizing characteristics unique to arcing and by functioning to de-energize the circuit when an arc fault is detected. </div> <div> <B>(b) Dwelling Unit Bedrooms.</B> All branch circuits that supply 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacle outlets installed in dwelling unit bedrooms shall be protected by an arc-fault circuit interrupter(s). This requirement shall become effective January 1, 2002.</div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Bare in mind, some local municipalities may have gone to the Georgia State Amendments to adopt a local amendment to require arc-fault breakers to be installed if you change or upgrade the service to the home. Remember, the article reads" outlets installed in the bedrooms." Those municipalities that do require them are doing it for safety reason and do understand the importance of arc-faults in the bedrooms. (</FONT><A HREF="id43_arc_fault_protection_may_24_2002_.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (1999, 1"><U><U>See arc-fault protection</U></U></A><U>)</U></div> <bR> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="panelboard_in_closets_9272004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Panelboard in closets 9/27/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I just received a drawing with a subpanel located in a single family dwelling unit bathroom. I generally don't install panelboards in closets, and bathrooms, however, is there a code reference that prohibits installations in these locations?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>David</B></div> <bR> <div> Yes there is a code section. </div> <div> <B>ARTICLE 240 Overcurrent Protection</B> </div> <div> <B>240.24 Location in or on Premises.</B> </div> <div> <B>(D) Not in Vicinity of Easily Ignitible Material. </B>Overcurrent devices shall not be located in the vicinity of easily ignitible material, such as in clothes closets. </div> <div> Examples of locations where combustible materials may be stored are linen closets, paper storage closets, and clothes closets. </div> <div> <B>(E) Not Located in Bathrooms.</B> In dwelling units and guest rooms of hotels and motels, overcurrent devices, other than supplementary overcurrent protection, shall not be located in bathrooms as defined in Article 100.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="bonding_tvss_9272004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Bonding TVSS 9/27/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed, does the race way to a tvss have to be bonded at each end? </B></div> <div> <B>Thanks, John</B></div> <bR> <div> I assume you are talking about a Television Sub-Station (TVSS). If I am correct, we'll go to Article 810 Radio & Television Equipment.</div> <div> <B>810.1 Scope.</B> </div> <div> <I>This article covers antenna systems for radio and television receiving equipment, amateur radio transmitting and receiving equipment, and certain features of transmitter safety. This article covers antennas such as multi-element, vertical rod, and dish, and also covers the wiring and cabling that connects them to equipment. This article does not cover equipment and antennas used for coupling carrier current to power line conductors.</I> </div> <div> <I><B>810.21 Grounding Conductors — Receiving Stations.</B></I> </div> <div> <I><B>(D) Mechanical Protection.</B></I><I> The grounding conductor shall be protected where exposed to physical damage, or the size of the grounding conductors shall be increased proportionately to compensate for the lack of protection. Where the grounding conductor is run in a metal raceway, </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>both ends </B></I><I>of the raceway shall be bonded to the grounding conductor or to the same terminal </I></FONT><I>or electrode to which the grounding conductor is connected.</I></div> <div> Not much more to say. Hope this what you wanted.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="commercial_kitchen_gfci_8282004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Commercial kitchen GFCI 8/28/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello Ed, </B></div> <div> <B>I am aware of the new requirement of the 2002 NEC for all 15 & 20A, single phase receptacles to now be GFCI receptacles. This Art. gives no exceptions as does Art. 210.8 ( A ) for appliances. Is there any provision that you know of for exceptions for the appliances in a commercial kitchen? </B></div> <div> <B>Thank You, </B></div> <div> <B>Larry</B></div> <bR> <div> Yes there is!</div> <div> <B>ARTICLE 210 Branch Circuits</B> </div> <div> <B>210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Other Than Dwelling Units.</B> All 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles installed in the locations specified in (1), (2), and (3) shall have ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel: </div> <div> (1) Bathrooms </div> <div> (2) Rooftops </div> <div> (3) Kitchens </div> <div> Section 210.8(B)(3) is new for the 2002 Code and requires all 15- and 20-ampere, 125-volt receptacles in nondwelling-type kitchens to be GFCI protected. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>This requirement applies to each and every 15- and 20-ampere, 125-volt kitchen receptacle, whether or not the receptacle serves countertop appliances. </B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Accident data related to electrical incidents in nondwelling kitchens reveal the presence of many hazards, including poorly maintained electrical apparatus, damaged electrical cords, wet floors, and employees without proper electrical safety training. Mandating some limited form of GFCI protection for high-hazard areas such as nondwelling kitchens should help prevent electrical accidents. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="receptacles_question_8182004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Receptacles question 8/18/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hello, I found your page looking for an answer to a question, I'm on my final year of my apprenticeship and we recently had a test and in one of the questions I could not find its answer in the code, the question is </B><I><B>how many branch circuits are required in a residence? </B></I><B>I know that we have to have at least two 20-amp small-appliances circuits in the kitchen, one 20-amp circuit in the laundry and one 20-amp for the bath(s). The tricky part of the question is that it doesn't give you any square footage but we have to have an answer, I answered four but I'm not very convinced with this answer, could you please help me with this? Thanks </B></div> <div> <B>Erick</B></div> <bR> <div> Well Erick: </div> <div> I wish you had E-mailed me the question and the multiple choice answers so I could assist you on the only possible answer.</div> <div> Article 220 is where we need to go. </div> <div> <B>220.3 Computation of Branch Circuit Loads.</B> </div> <div> Branch-circuit loads shall be computed as shown in 220.3(A) through (C). </div> <div> <B>(A)</B><I> Lighting Load for Specified Occupancies. A unit load of not less than that specified in Table 220.3(A) for occupancies specified therein shall constitute the minimum lighting load. </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>The floor area for each floor shall be computed </I></FONT><I>from the outside dimensions of the building, dwelling unit, or other area involved. For dwelling units, the computed floor area shall not include open porches, garages, or unused or unfinished spaces not adaptable for future use.</I></div> <bR> <div> Notice that the area floor space shall be computed in the calculations. If you don't, you can't calculate a 800 SQ FT from a 8,000 SQ. FT. dwelling.</div> <div> <B>(10)</B> <I>Dwelling Occupancies. In one-family, two-family, and multifamily dwellings and in guest rooms of hotels and motels, the outlets specified in (1), (2), and (3) are included in the general lighting load calculations of 220.3(A). No additional load calculations shall be required for such outlets. </I></div> <div> Even this section shows what is in your general lighting load, and shall not require additional load calculations. Who ever made this question may have given you a Sq. ft. in an earlier question <B>or</B> they figured your crystal ball was back from the repair shop.<I> </I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="licenses__8102004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Licenses? 8/10/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Hi Mr. Ed Stubbs, I have a question about a project started by an unlicensed electrician, and the owner wants me to finish it and have it inspected. Would I be liable for there installations.</B></div> <div> <B>Thank you, Daniel </B></div> <bR> <div> The State of Georgia is very clear on electricians working without an Electrical Contractors Licenses. So, who ever he or she is can be cited by the local jurisdiction for working without a licenses, be fined and possible jail time; and not to leave out the cost of returning the money for services performed.</div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >The local municipality will require that the work be permitted by a valid license holder to correct any violations found and make it safe. If you touch it, you shall be liable. You want to be a master, then master the work and check everything out. There are two people you have to protect, yourself and the customer. </FONT><A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="The Authority Having Jurisdiction"><U><U>The authority having jurisdiction</U></U></A><U> </U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >also have an obligation to protect the consumer. How would it look if (AHJ) didn't make a contractor responsible for the wiring installation? Should the violations be ignored? Should you ignore them? If something goes wrong and their are injuries, who will be responsible? Someone has too. Take charge and be all you can be.</FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="branch_circuit_862004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Branch circuit 8/6/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Good day, I have been researching the meaning behind a </B><B><U>Branch circuit . </U></B><B>I am taking an at home schooling electrician's course and therefore it does mention this term frequently. However when they mention it is always in a different term. Like a Branch circuit is just a term for like a frayed wire....I am not sure. I dislike the fact that I must bother someone with such an easy question but if you wouldn't mind throwing an answer my way; my studies might come along a little easier. I appreciate your time and thanks . </B></div> <div> <B>Leslie . </B></div> <div> <B>electrician in training.</B></div> <bR> <div> Branch circuits are the conductors that connect from the last overcurrent device (fuse or circuit breaker) in a panelboard or switchgear to all outlets that feed a piece of equipment, such as a light, receptacle, switch, appliance, motor, refrigerator, etc. </div> <bR> <div> <B>Branch Circuit.</B> <I>The circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s).</I> </div> <div> <I>Exhibit below shows the difference between branch circuits and feeders. Conductors between the overcurrent devices in the panelboards and the duplex receptacles are branch-circuit conductors. Conductors between the service equipment or source of separately derived systems and the panelboards are feeders. </I></div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="1548b240.png" border=0 width="395" height="292" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> The term "Frayed wire" could be in a very large damaged conductor like a 1000 KCMILS copper conductor in a service, or as little as a # 22 awg fixture wire in a branch circuit, so "frayed" is not the same as a branch circuit.</div> <div> I hope this little information will help you in your studies.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="low_voltage_gas_appliances_852004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Low voltage gas appliances 8/5/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Dear Sir, </B></div> <div> <B>Are there any code requirements for a low voltage(24vac) gas appliance(AGA/CSA approved) being a certain distance from a swimming pool? I have heard 5 feet. If so, how do they measure the distance. </B></div> <div> <B>Your response is greatly appreciated </B></div> <div> <B>thanks Kevin.</B></div> <bR> <div> Since this is a gas related question, I would have to get information from a gas code book, or a professional in that field of expertise.</div> <div> The only information in the NEC for any equipment for pools is Article 680, which covers only electrical installations. </div> <div> One Article to consider is Article 680.22(A)(1) and (A)(4) where receptacles are not allowed to be less than 5 foot from the inside wall of the pool. </div> <div> <B>680.22 Area Lighting, Receptacles, and Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Receptacles.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >Circulation and Sanitation System, Location.</FONT> Receptacles that provide power for water-pump motors or for other loads directly related to the circulation and sanitation system shall be located at least 3.0 m (10 ft) from the inside walls of the pool, or not less than 1.5 m (5 ft) from the inside walls of the pool if they meet all of the following conditions: </div> <div> (1) Consist of single receptacles </div> <div> (2) Employ a locking configuration </div> <div> (3) Are of the grounding type </div> <div> (4) Have GFCI protection </div> <bR> <div> Since 680.22(A)(1) covers circulation & sanitation systems for power to the equipment, it would seem the practical reason why the 5 foot is suggested for the gas equipment.</div> <div> <B>(4)</B> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >Restricted Space.</FONT> Where a pool is within 3.0 m (10 ft) of a dwelling and the dimensions of the lot preclude meeting the required clearances, not more than one receptacle outlet shall be permitted if not less than 1.5 m (5 ft) measured horizontally from the inside wall of the pool. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="equestrian_riding_arena_7162004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Equestrian riding arena 7/16/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I have 3/0 copper underground lateral feeding an Equestrian riding arena.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>The building load is currently 130 amps.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>The owner wants to add 10 40amp 240v AC units to the building.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>This will bring my load up to 400 amps.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>What do you think my best approach is.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Can I just parallel another set of 3/0.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Or do I need to increase and parallel 4/0.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Or pull 600KCMIL.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Dave</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm not sure I can answer this question because I'm not sure if each one of these units is 40 amps each, single phase or three phase, or is the overcurrent device 40 amps?</div> <bR> <div> Just for the sake of a general answer for a general question, let's say you do need 400 amps? Is that the total load minus the 130 amps = 270 / 10 units = 27 amps. Well, you have to take the largest motor and add 25% to the 27 amps. (.25) X 27 = 6.25 + 270 + 130 = 406.25 amps. Since you have 3/0 copper (assume 75 C column) already, the other parallel conductor shall be the same size.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>310.4 Conductors in Parallel.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Aluminum, copper-clad aluminum, or copper conductors of size 1/0 AWG and larger, comprising each phase, neutral, or grounded circuit conductor, shall be permitted to be connected in parallel (electrically joined at both ends to form a single conductor).<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> The paralleled conductors in each phase, neutral, or grounded circuit conductor shall </div> <div> (1) Be the same length </div> <div> (2) Have the same conductor material </div> <div> (3) Be the same size in circular mil area </div> <div> (4) Have the same insulation type </div> <div> (5) Be terminated in the same manner</div> <div> In the 75 C column, 3/0 cu = 200 amps X 2 = 400 amps. This will not meet the minimum demand of 406 amps. A 600 KCMILS cu, 2 sets of 4/0 cu, or 2 parallel runs of 250 KCMILS alum. would meet the demand. If you send me more accurate information, I can give you an accurate answer.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="wiring_a_fan_and_receptacle_to_existing"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Wiring a fan and receptacle to existing wiring 6/30/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>MR. STUBBS </B></div> <div> <B>THE CURRENT WIRING IN THE BEDROOM HAS NO OVERHEAD LIGHTING. IT HAS A SWITCH THAT CONTROLS AN OUTLET. THIS OUTLET HAS 3 SETS OF WIRES ( 1 SET FROM SWITCH, 1 FROM SOURCE., AND I AM ASSUMING THE THIRD SET RUNS TO ANOTHER RECEPTACLE). I WOULD LIKE TO RUN THE WIRING I AM CONNECTING TO THE FAN AND THE WIRE FROM A NEW RECEPTACLE (TO BE IN THE HALLWAY) INTO THE SWITCH BOX . I WOULD LIKE TO CONNECT THE HOT WIRE TO THE SWITCH AND NEW RECEPTACLE BY PIG TAILING SO THAT THE RECEPTACLE IS ALWAYS HOT AND OF COURSE THE STANDARD HOOKUP SO THE FAN IS CONTROLLED BY THE SWITCH. I WILL HAVE CHANGE THE WIRING IN THE EXISTING RECEPTACLE SO THAT THE RECEPTACLE IS ALWAYS HOT. CAN YOU TELL ME IF THIS IS ACCEPTABLE? </B></div> <div> <B>THANKS, LARRY</B></div> <bR> <div> It's ok. See Article 210.70 </div> <div> <B>210.70 Lighting Outlets Required.</B> </div> <div> Lighting outlets shall be installed where specified in 210.70(A), (B), and (C). </div> <div> (A) Dwelling Units. In dwelling units, lighting outlets shall be installed in accordance with 210.70(A)(1), (2), and (3). </div> <div> (1) Habitable Rooms. At least one wall switch-controlled lighting outlet shall be installed in every habitable room and bathroom. </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 1: In other than kitchens and bathrooms, one or more receptacles controlled by a wall switch shall be permitted in lieu of lighting outlets.</I></div> <div> <I>The ceiling outlet is acceptable even if you have a ceiling fan without a light. The intent of the code is to have a </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><U>means to switch</U></I></FONT><I> an outlet to control a light.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="elevator_pits_6242004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Elevator Pits 6/24/2004 </B></div> <div> <B>Where can I find a code section that says you have to use weather proof boxes in an elevator pit?. I know that logically you would do this, but where do I find the code for this? I have looked in wet or damp locations and 620 elevators but no code says it has to be. Maybe I overlooked it. Thank you for all your help. Richie.</B></div> <bR> <div> Well Richie, looks like you did your homework. Let's help others who may have had the same question, but couldn't find the answer.</div> <div> Maybe we should look up the definition of damp or wet locations and see if an elevator pit falls under them.</div> <div> <B>Location, Damp</B>. Locations protected from weather and not subject to saturation with water or other liquids but subject to moderate degrees of moisture. Examples of such locations include partially protected locations under canopies, marquees, roofed open porches, and like locations, and interior locations subject to moderate degrees of moisture, such as some basements, some barns, and some cold-storage warehouses. </div> <div> <B>Location, Dry.</B> A location not normally subject to dampness or wetness. A location classified as dry may be temporarily subject to dampness or wetness, as in the case of a building under construction. </div> <div> <B>Location, Wet.</B> Installations under ground or in concrete slabs or masonry in direct contact with the earth; in locations subject to saturation with water or other liquids, such as vehicle washing areas; and in unprotected locations exposed to weather. </div> <div> Now, let's go to Article 620.24 and see if elevator pits are classified as a damp or wet location. </div> <div> <B>620.24 Branch Circuit for Hoistway Pit Lighting and Receptacle(s).</B> </div> <div> <B>(A)</B> Separate Branch Circuit. A separate branch circuit shall supply the hoistway pit lighting and receptacle(s). </div> <div> Required lighting shall not be connected to the load side of a ground-fault circuit interrupter. </div> <div> <B>(C)</B> Duplex Receptacle. At least one 125-volt, single-phase, duplex receptacle shall be provided in the hoistway pit.</div> <div> Last, go to the index under damp or wet locations. This section will refer you back to any section of the NEC where there are required conditions for damp or wet locations. Article 620.24 is not on the list.</div> <div> In conclusion, this location may not be a damp or wet location, but by all means, it is the PITS.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question:  <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="ok_i_need_your_help_6112004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>OK I need your help 6/11/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Section 210.52(c) 1,2,3 My Question is about (1) if I am reading this correctly if you have a counter top that is 12'' or wider it has to have an outlet if you have a counter top that is 4' in length then you only have to have one outlet so long as when you measure from the end of the counter top from either direction your outlet is not over 24'' from the end you are still within code no matter how deep the counter is i.e. 24" or whatever depth it is our only concern is the back wall that the counter butts up to NOT the side wall that the counter ends at am I correct ? I have a hand book but it does not show this application only wrap around counter tops if the counter top keeps going around the wall then the outlets can't be any farther apart than 4' and no farther than 24'' from a broken line range frig or whatever you may have that breaks the line. CAN YOU CLARIFY? This is big debate between me and my project manager. </B></div> <div> <B>Richie</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div>  <A NAME="well_richie_i_hope"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Well Richie, I hope your project manager doesn't fire you because you are 100% right. If you look at the </FONT> <A HREF="#example" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><I><B><U>example below</U></B></I></U></A><I><B><U>,</U></B></I>   <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >you will see that the maximum distance from the edge of any countertop to the first receptacle is 24 inches (300 mm). So if the countertop is 48 inches wide (left to right), then 24 inches will be half of the countertop and will comply with only one receptacle. Let's make the countertop 5 foot in length. The NEC shall now require a minimum of two receptacles because either side shall not be more than 24 inches from the edge and not more than 48 inches apart. Also note that the receptacle separations are measured along the wall space. I hope the rest of the Articles below are self explanatory.</FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Countertops.</B> In kitchens and dining rooms of dwelling units, receptacle outlets for counter spaces shall be installed in accordance with 210.52(C)(1) through (5). </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> <B>Wall Counter Spaces</B>. A receptacle outlet shall be installed at <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >each wall counter space that is 300 mm (12 in.) or wider. Receptacle outlets shall be installed so that no point along the wall line is more than 600 mm (24 in.) measured horizontally from a receptacle outlet in that space.</FONT> </div> <div> <B>(2) Island Counter Spaces.</B> At least one receptacle outlet shall be installed at each <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >island counter space with a long dimension of 600 mm (24 in.) or greater and a short dimension of 300 mm (12 in.) or greater.</FONT> </div> <div> <B>(3) Peninsular Counter Spaces.</B> At least one receptacle outlet shall be installed at each peninsular counter space with a <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >long dimension of 600 mm (24 in.) or greater and a short dimension of 300 mm (12 in.) or greater.</FONT> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#00FFFF" FACE="Arial" >A peninsular countertop is measured from the connecting edge.</FONT> </div> <div> (4) Separate Spaces. Countertop spaces separated by range tops, refrigerators, or sinks shall be considered as separate countertop spaces in applying the requirements of 210.52(C)(1), (2), and (3). </div> <div> (5) Receptacle Outlet Location. Receptacle outlets shall be located above, but not more than 500 mm (20 in.) above, the countertop. Receptacle outlets rendered not readily accessible by appliances fastened in place, appliance garages, or appliances occupying dedicated space shall not be considered as these required outlets. </div> <div> <I>Exception: To comply with the conditions specified in (a) or (b), receptacle outlets shall be permitted to be mounted not more than 300 mm (12 in.) below the countertop. Receptacles mounted below a countertop in accordance with this exception shall not be located where the countertop extends more than 150 mm (6 in.) beyond its support base. </I></div> <div> Dwelling unit receptacles that serve countertop spaces in kitchens, dining areas, and similar rooms, as illustrated in Exhibit 210.26, are required to be installed as follows: </div> <div> (1) <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >In each wall space wider than 12 in. and spaced so that no point along the wall line is more than 24 in. from a receptacle </FONT></div> <div> (2) Not more than 20 in. above the countertop [According to 406.4(E), receptacles cannot be installed in a face-up position. Receptacles installed in a face-up position in a countertop could collect crumbs, liquids, and other debris, resulting in a potential fire or shock hazard.] </div> <div> (3) At each countertop island and peninsular countertop with a short dimension of at least 12 in. and a long dimension of at least 24 in. (The measurement of a peninsular-type countertop is from the edge connecting to the non-peninsular counter.) </div> <bR> <div> <B> <A NAME="example"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Example:</B> </div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="15081ce0.png" border=0 width="385" height="462" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> Exhibit 210.26 Dwelling unit receptacles serving countertop spaces in a kitchen and installed in accordance with 210.52(C). <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="#well_richie_i_hope" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><I><B><U>Back</U></B></I></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="100_amp_underground_service_672004__3"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>100 amp underground service 6/7/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Can you tell me what size underground cable should be used to pull 100 amp service 500-600 feet?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Patricia</B></div> <bR> <div> Dear Patricia: </div> <div> You didn't give me enough information to work with. Is this service coming from the local power company? Is the service single phase or three phase? What is the voltage? Is this a residential or commercial location? Last question, are you using copper or aluminum? I will do this much and give you a formula to work from. If this is a single phase main service from the power company to your building or dwelling, you don't need a calculation. They calculate and supply the overhead or underground conductors. If you are supplying an underground from the main building or dwelling to another structure on the same property this will be a feeder. </div> <div> You have to know a few things first before you can began: </div> <div> VD = voltage drop </div> <div> K = constants which is copper (12.9) or aluminum (21.2) in your Ugly's Electrical References </div> <div> L = length of conductor or distance </div> <div> I = Ampacity demand or load calculation </div> <div> CM = circular mills of the conductor (Chapter 9, Table 8) 2002 NEC </div> <div> Let's start with voltage drop. You have two choices: 3% for branch circuits only and 5% for branch and feeder. </div> <div> I'll just work with a branch circuit only which is 3%. We'll just multiply 3% times different voltages. </div> <div> 120 X .03 = 3.6 volts 240 X .03 = 7.2 volts </div> <div> 208 X .03 = 6.24 volts 277 X .03 = 8.31 volts </div> <div> 480 X .03 = 14.4 volts 600 X .03 = 18.0 volts </div> <div> These are the voltage drops allowed for each one. </div> <div> The formula for single phase and three phase is next. </div> <div>                                        2<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> K<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> I <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0066" FACE="Arial" >x</FONT> L                                   2<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> K<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> I <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0066" FACE="Arial" >x</FONT> L  </div> <div> single phase : VD = -----------------------  or        Cm = ------------------------- </div> <div>                                           CM                                                  VD </div> <div>                                     1.73<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> K<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> I <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0066" FACE="Arial" >x</FONT> L                               1.73<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> K<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" > x</FONT> I <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0066" FACE="Arial" >x</FONT> L </div> <div> three phase: VD = -------------------------- or        Cm = ----------------------------- </div> <div>                                            CM                                                 VD </div> <div> Again, since I don't have enough information I can't give you much more.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="split_bolt_connectors_5242004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Split bolt connectors 5/24/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>What is the maximum Number of wires that can be spliced using a split bolt</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>connector? Is this in the Code?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Chuck</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> Since split bolts are a manufactures product and are used as a connection device, our code only requires that you comply with Article 110.2 and 110.3, manufactures listing and label. </div> <bR> <div> <B>110.2 Approval.</B> </div> <div> The conductors and equipment required or permitted by this Code shall be acceptable only if approved. </div> <div> <I>FPN:See 90.7, Examination of Equipment for Safety, and 110.3, Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment. See definitions of Approved, Identified, Labeled, and Listed.</I></div> <div> All electrical equipment is required to be approved as defined in Article 100 and, as such, to be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction (also defined in Article 100). Section 110.3 provides guidance for the evaluation of equipment and recognizes listing or labeling as a means of establishing suitability. </div> <bR> <div> Approval of equipment is the responsibility of the electrical inspection authority, and many such approvals are based on tests and listings of testing laboratories. </div> <div> <B>110.3 Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment</B>. </div> <div> (A) Examination. In judging equipment, considerations such as the following shall be evaluated: </div> <div> (1) Suitability for installation and use in conformity with the provisions of this Code </div> <div> FPN:Suitability of equipment use may be identified by a description marked on or provided with a product to identify the suitability of the product for a specific purpose, environment, or application. Suitability of equipment may be evidenced by listing or labeling. </div> <div> (2) Mechanical strength and durability, including, for parts designed to enclose and protect other equipment, the adequacy of the protection thus provided </div> <div> (3) Wire-bending and connection space </div> <div> (4) Electrical insulation </div> <div> (5) Heating effects under normal conditions of use and also under abnormal conditions likely to arise in service </div> <div> (6) Arcing effects </div> <div> (7) Classification by type, size, voltage, current capacity, and specific use </div> <div> (8) Other factors that contribute to the practical safeguarding of persons using or likely to come in contact with the equipment </div> <div> For wire-bending and connection space in cabinets and cutout boxes, see 312.6, Table 312.6(A) and Table 312.6(B), and 312.7, 312.9, and 312.11. For wire-bending and connection space in other equipment, see the appropriate NEC article and section. For example, see 314.16 and 314.28 for outlet, device, pull, and junction boxes, as well as conduit bodies; 404.3 and 404.18 for switches; 408.3(F) for switchboards and panelboards; and 430.10 for motors and motor controllers. </div> <div> (B) Installation and Use. Listed or labeled equipment shall be installed and used in accordance with any instructions included in the listing or labeling. </div> <div> Connectors, terminals and wirenuts are limited on the amount of conductors you can slide in the opening. Since split bolts are adjustable and completely exposed without covering, you have multiple combination of conductors you can install in the split bolt and choice of direction for the conductors. When you purchase the split bolt, look and see what the box information says or look at the split bolt and see if the maximum number and/or minimum size is stamped on it. Split bolts have always had the versatility of multiple uses and they do make good connections.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="great_web_page_strange_box_5242004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Great web page, strange box 5/24/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I guess that would be a confusing subject. But it's more than one subject.</B></div> <div> <B>First of all, I ran across your web page and found it to be very interesting.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Your extensive background and strong knowledge of the code shows up in the answer you give. I may be back asking questions in the future. Though I am not an electrician, I do have lots of technical background in lots of things, including electrical, electronics, computers, and many other areas. Things like electricity are a hobby to me. My professional life involves computers, networks, data centers, etc (with occasional electrical issues to consider, usually inside computer equipment cabinets).</B></div> <div> <B>Since I read you are an inspector, I figure you might have more concern than most regarding this thing I found recently on the web:</B></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.quick220.com/pictures.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.quick220.com/pictures.htm"><U><B>http://www.quick220.com/pictures.htm</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Scary looking?</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>I was discussing this in other forums, and the conclusion is that if it were interpreted under NEC, it could be in several violations. The two big ones that were suggested were that overcurrent protection would not be on a common trip breaker, and that the separate poles of the circuits involved could be running in separate raceways, with induction of voltage to metal structure and/or other conductors. But I am interested in what someone like yourself (an inspector, and therefore strongly in touch with safety issues) would say about this thing.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>There's no indication of any UL listing. Would it need to have one?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Should this thing be taken off the market?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>And I guess I'll toss in a real question:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I'm designing a house right now, which I might get around to having built in a few years. One thing I expect to be doing is having the wiring divided up into more separate circuits than usual. For example no circuit will serve more than a single room. To avoid a massive bundle of wires (and all the thermal derating issues), I want to section off areas of the house with their own subpanels. The kitchen will get its own. There might be 4 or 5 of these. But I don't want their metallic look to distract from the wood look I plan for the interior of the house. So my idea is to put each panel in a closet. But my concern is that if the closet is sufficiently large to meet the space requirements, that closet could end up gathering many things to be stored, and result in blocking access to the panel. So I have an alternate idea.</B></div> <div> <B>Instead of a usual closet dimension such as a 40 inch by 40 inch box, the electrical closet will be not really a closet, but more of a wall behind a door. The door will be like any other door to a closet or room, but when it is opened up, there will be just a few inches from the back of the door to the wall behind. There will be enough space to mount a surface panel with maybe a inch or two between the front of the panel and the back of the wooden door when closed. This closet would thus be specific purpose exclusively for electrical, and impractical for storing much of anything.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Assuming the wooden door is open at least 90 degrees, and perhaps as much as 180 degree (this could be done if needed), would it be possible to measure the width of working space required by NEC 110.26(A)(2) as the space one can move around in (which will be the run of the hallway, and so would be very wide), or would the door opening itself have to comply and thus be 30 inches wide (despite the panel only being 14 inches wide)? Would there otherwise be any potential problems with kind of approach to locating a subpanel?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>P. Howard</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Well Mr. Howard:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>First let me apologize for not answering your question sooner. I didn't realize I hadn't finished it. One of the other readers E-mailed me for your question and answer. It is obvious your question drew others attention.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> You have just shown me a very interesting site and code question. You are absolutely right on your concerns about that product you showed me. Chapter 3 of the 2002 NEC is the wiring method used in regards to supplying all devices and equipment.</div> <bR> <div> When the manufacture plugged in two separate drop cord to supply one device, it became a wiring method. Since SO, SJ cords, etc., are not wiring methods, they are in violation of the NEC.</div> <bR> <div> <B>300.3 Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Conductors of the Same Circuit.</B> All conductors of the same circuit and, where used, the grounded conductor and all equipment grounding conductors and bonding conductors shall be contained within the same raceway, auxiliary gutter, cable tray, cablebus assembly, trench, cable, or cord, unless otherwise permitted in accordance with 300.3(B)(1) through (4). </div> <div> This general rule remains consistent with electrical theory; that is, to reduce inductive heating and to avoid increases in overall circuit impedance, all circuit conductors of an individual circuit must be grouped. Similar requirements are found in 300.5(I). </div> <bR> <div> <B>210.7 Branch Circuit Receptacle Requirements.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Multiple Branch Circuits.</B> Where more than one branch circuit supplies more than one receptacle on the same yoke, a means to simultaneously disconnect the ungrounded conductors supplying those receptacles shall be provided at the panelboard where the branch circuits originated. </div> <div> In 210.7(C), specifying a means to simultaneously disconnect the ungrounded conductors is a safety issue that applies to devices (actually, the single yoke) where more than one branch circuit is involved.</div> <div>  </div> <div> <B>210.21 Outlet Devices.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Receptacles.</B> </div> <div> <B>(1) Single Receptacle on an Individual Branch Circuit.</B> A single receptacle installed on an individual branch circuit shall have an ampere rating not less than that of the branch circuit. </div> <div> <B>110.3 Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Examination.</B> In judging equipment, considerations such as the following shall be evaluated: </div> <div> <B>(1)</B> Suitability for installation and use in conformity with the provisions of this Code </div> <div> <I>FPN:Suitability of equipment use may be identified by a description marked on or provided with a product to identify the suitability of the product for a specific purpose, environment, or application. Suitability of equipment may be evidenced by listing or labeling. </I></div> <div> Bare in mind, no equipment has to be listed and labeled, but the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) does not have to except any equipment that is not listed and labeled. Any equipment that is cord and plug can be installed at any time by anyone for any safe reason. Testing labs such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL) were created to protect the consumer, contractors and inspectors from unsafe and dangerous equipment that may be supplied by a manufacture. I wouldn't buy one.</div> <bR> <div> Now for the real question: </div> <div> There are two areas to cover. The first one is the separate panelboards and separate circuits with the massive bundles of wires. I am sure that you are a little in the dark on residential wiring. If you install your circuits like you described to me, you're in for a very, very expensive and unnecessary electrical installation. Calculation of a dwelling is quit different from commercial wiring, because it is based on convenience and a demand factor. How many amps are you going to pull in any one room? 2 amps, 5 amps, 10 amps? Also, what is the load on about 6 branch circuits all bonded together going to 6 bedrooms or combination of bedroom, hall, bathroom, etc? Will all rooms pull maximum ampacity at the same time to cause a lot of heat on the conductors? The only room that may pull a lot of amps would be the kitchen. Tell me, how many kitchen appliances do you have running at the same time, and how many hours and days do you do that? In your experience on any home you lived in, How many times have the kitchen breakers tripped? Your branch circuits are covenant outlets, so you have a choice of locations.</div> <bR> <div> Your last question is regarding the panelboard in the closet. You cannot install a panelboard in any closet period. It doesn't matter if you put a door in front of it. Article 240.24 clearly states on closets and bathrooms. </div> <div> <B>240.24 Location in or on Premises.</B> </div> <div> <B>(A) Accessibility.</B> Overcurrent devices shall be readily accessible unless one of the following applies: </div> <div> <B>(D) Not in Vicinity of Easily Ignitible Material.</B> Overcurrent devices shall not be located in the vicinity of easily ignitible material, such as in clothes closets. </div> <div> <I>Examples of locations where combustible materials may be stored are linen closets, paper storage closets, and clothes closets. </I></div> <div> <B>(E) Not Located in Bathrooms.</B> In dwelling units and guest rooms of hotels and motels, overcurrent devices, other than supplementary overcurrent protection, shall not be located in bathrooms as defined in Article 100.</div> <div> Closets are now and always will be the most dangerous areas for fires and combustible materials, why increase the possibility of an electrical fire. A hidden panelboard is not practical for safety, readily accessible and a mean for anyone to find and reset the breaker. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="ungrounded_gfci_5192004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Ungrounded GFCI 5/19/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Maybe you can help me. I have ungrounded three prong outlets in portions of my house. I have used GFCI's to "protect" these outlets. I know I have to mark these as "ungrounded GFCI", but the stickers did not come with the GFCI. Do you have any idea where to purchase such stickers?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Jim.</B></div> <bR> <div> Since this is not a code question, I'll do my best to plug you in with my best answer. </div> <bR> <div> The only thing I could come up with is for you to go back to the supplier and ask what manufacture that they purchased from comes with a "no ground" sticker. Since I don't know where this E-mail coming from, I have no way of telling you what supply house would have them. </div> <div> Be sure you go to an electrical supplier and not the other place that supplies<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B> anything</B></FONT> for<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B> anybody</B></FONT> and<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B> nobody</B></FONT> knows<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B> nothing </B></FONT>about <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>anything</B></FONT>, but they claim they know <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>everything</B></FONT> about <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>somethings</B></FONT>. That's all I know about<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B> this thing</B></FONT>.</div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Send us your code question:</FONT><U> </U><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="smoke_detectors_5172004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Smoke detectors 5/17/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs does a smoke detector for a family dwelling have to be on a separate circuit (dedicated) or can it be on most any receptacle circuit or lighting circuit. I can not find anything in code that says it SHALL be. I am wondering if this could be a manufactures recommendation. multi family dwelling a high rise condo's?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Richie</B></div> <bR> <div> That question has been asked of me quite a few times. I am glad you have asked on my web site. I can now clear this question for many people that read my Quik Talk article. </div> <div> The main answer to this question is that it is not required to be on a separate circuit in a single or multifamily dwelling. You can put on any circuit except for the requirements of article 210.11(C)(2) and (C)(3); and 210.52(B).</div> <div>  </div> <div> <B>210.11 Branch Circuits Required.</B> </div> <div> <B>(C) Dwelling Units.</B> </div> <div> <I>(2) Laundry Branch Circuits. In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one additional 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the laundry receptacle outlet(s) required by 210.52(F). This circuit shall have no other outlets.</I> </div> <div> <I>(3) Bathroom Branch Circuits. In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, at least one 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply the bathroom receptacle outlet(s). Such circuits shall have no other outlets. </I></div> <div> <B>210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets.</B> </div> <div> <B>(B) Small Appliances</B>. </div> <div> (2) No Other Outlets. The two or more small-appliance branch circuits specified in 210.52(B)(1) shall have no other outlets. </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 1: A receptacle installed solely for the electrical supply to and support of an electric clock in any of the rooms specified in 210.52(B)(1).</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 2: Receptacles installed to provide power for supplemental equipment and lighting on gas-fired ranges, ovens, or counter-mounted cooking units.</I> </div> <bR> <div> If the smoke detectors are installed in the bedroom or connected to the bedroom circuit, Article 210.12 requires that the bedroom circuit shall be arc-fault protected. During this new code change, another issue came up about the smoke detectors being on the same circuit as the arc-fault breaker. If for some reason you have an arc-fault on the bedroom circuit, it will disable the power to the smoke detector. The smoke detectors are required to have battery backup, but there is no guarantee that everyone would change the battery annually. See: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="#arcing_fault_breakers_192004_" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Arcing fault breakers</U></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="let_there_be_light_562004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Let there be light 5/6/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Greetings Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I have a question please.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Here's the scenario: I have a 3 phase, 4 wire circuit (480Y/277V.a.c) to serve a lighting load through a contractor (all the lights are @ 277V .a.c. with a common neutral). Only two phases for lighting will be switched with the third being unswitched.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>The question: It is permitted to take the third (unswitched) phase through the contractor housing if it will not be switched by the contractor? If not, do I assume correctly that I need a separate conduit, from the source pdrd, for the unswitched phase and a J-box to intercept the "load side" conduit (two phase conductors and neutral) from the contractor so that all conductors (3 phase conductors and neutral) can then be routed to the lights?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Hopefully I explained this clearly for you to address.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thank you for your insight,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Franchot H</B></div> <bR> <div> Sorry I took so long to answer your question. My every day inspections, evening training classes and Saturday seminars take a little out of me sometimes. Worst of all, the network locked up my E-mail and sent me the same messages over and over at least 20 times which gave me over 600 messages, some having pictures and plus a read receipt for all my sent messages causes quit a mess with my outlook express. </div> <div> This is not a difficult question to answer. Contractors and Inspectors have always assumed that you can't pass conductors through an enclosure or panelboard. This not true with exceptions. Article 300.3(B) requires that all conductors of the same circuit be run together.</div> <bR> <div> <B>300.3 Conductors.</B> </div> <div> <I>(B) Conductors of the Same Circuit. All conductors of the same circuit and, where used, the grounded conductor and all equipment grounding conductors and bonding conductors shall be contained within the same raceway, auxiliary gutter, cable tray, cablebus assembly, trench, cable, or cord, unless otherwise permitted in accordance with 300.3(B)(1) through (4). </I>Now lets go to Article 312.8. </div> <bR> <div> <B>312.8 Enclosures for Switches or Overcurrent Devices.</B> </div> <div> <I>Enclosures for switches or overcurrent devices shall not be used as junction boxes, auxiliary gutters, or raceways for conductors feeding through or tapping off to other switches or overcurrent devices, unless adequate space for this purpose is provided. The conductors shall not fill the wiring space at any cross section to more than 40 percent of the cross-sectional area of the space, and the conductors, splices, and taps shall not fill the wiring space at any cross section to more than 75 percent of the cross-sectional area of that space.</I> </div> <div> A contractor is a switch. Notice this section doesn't allow other taps, switches or overcurrent devices in the enclosure, but does allow it if you have adequate space in a area.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="quik_talk_question_562004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Quik Talk Question 5/6/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I received my electrical licenses last year (with help from your class) and since I have began pulling permits for jobs I have noticed how easy it is to get a permit. At least with the counties I have dealt with, usually all it takes is the licensee's name (or business name), address, and license number, most of which can be obtained from the secretary of state--------. They have sometimes asked for a copy of the business permit, but once they have it on file they never ask for it again. I was wondering if there is some way of keeping up with how many permits are issued in a person's name and how responsibility would be handled if a problem ever came up?</B></div> <bR> <div> I can't speak for any other city or county, but every permit you and everyone pulls is in the computer system forever. </div> <div> The local municipalities do have some responsibility in keeping up with your permits and other records, but the best means of protection your information and licenses is you. If you stay on top and check on your own, you will become known from those municipalities and there will be less chances of error. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="afci_breaker_4202004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>AFCI Breaker 4/20/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs, </B></div> <div> <B>Great tip on finding branch circuit shorts. Recently I installed an AFCI on a new installed branch circuit supplying a bedroom addition. The AFCI immediately trips when reset (as if a "dead short"). Circuit holds when placed on a standard breaker. Will the tip on finding branch circuit shorts work for AFCI's as well? Is this even considered a short? Your input is highly valued.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Oh! by the way, feel free to elaborate. My knowledge of the industry is a bit above average. GA.state master electrician, 17 years IBEW</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Pancho</B></div> <bR> <div> Maybe I can help you again. The arc-fault and the ground-fault devices work the same way with the neutrals. </div> <bR> <div> Since Arc-fault breakers came out after I stopped doing electrical repairs, I had to figure out how to troubleshoot with the electrical contractor on the job.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT>Through my background experience, I tested my theory on how to troubleshoot the arc-fault tripping. What I did was turn off all breakers except the arc-fault breaker. I turned on one breaker at a time until the arc-fault breaker tripped. Once the circuit that tripped the arc-fault is found, I traced that neutral circuit to any junction box in common with the arc-fault neutral. The neutrals were probably bonded together. </div> <div> If you want to test my theory, replace the arc-fault with a GFCI breaker and see if you have the same results.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="grounded_receptacle_4202004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Grounded Receptacle 4/20/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I INSTALLED A NEW RECEPTACLE AND IT IS GROUNDED TO THE SERVICE BOX. I HAVE TWO OTHER RECEPTACLES THAT ARE KNOB AND TUBE. CAN I RUN GREEN GROUND WIRE FROM THE GROUND SCREWS ON THESE TWO RECEPTACLES TO THE GROUNDED RECEPTACLE? </B></div> <div> <B>LARRY</B></div> <bR> <div> I'm not sure if the knob and tube are on the same circuit. </div> <div> Either way, you have two choices. Bond a grounded receptacle to an available grounded water pipe or steel structure, or install a GFCI receptacle or breaker with a grounded type receptacle. There is one more choice, and that is to leave a two wire ungrounded receptacle in the outlet.</div> <bR> <div> <B>VII. Methods of Equipment Grounding</B> </div> <div> <B>250.130 Equipment Grounding Conductor Connections.</B> </div> <div> <I>Equipment grounding conductor connections at the source of separately derived systems shall be made in accordance with 250.30(A)(1). Equipment grounding conductor connections at service equipment shall be made as indicated in 250.130(A) or (B).</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I> For replacement of non–grounding-type receptacles with grounding-type receptacles and for branch-circuit extensions only in existing installations that do not have an equipment grounding conductor in the branch circuit, connections shall be permitted as indicated in 250.130(C).</I></FONT> </div> <div> <I>(A) For Grounded Systems. The connection shall be made by bonding the equipment grounding conductor to the grounded service conductor and the grounding electrode conductor.</I> </div> <div> <I>(B) For Ungrounded Systems. The connection shall be made by bonding the equipment grounding conductor to the grounding electrode conductor.</I> </div> <div> <I>(C) Nongrounding Receptacle Replacement or Branch Circuit Extensions. The equipment grounding conductor of a grounding-type receptacle or a branch-circuit extension shall be permitted to be connected to any of the following: </I></div> <div> <I>(1) Any accessible point on the grounding electrode system as described in 250.50 </I></div> <div> <I>(2) Any accessible point on the grounding electrode conductor </I></div> <div> <I>(3) The equipment grounding terminal bar within the enclosure where the branch circuit for the receptacle or branch circuit originates </I></div> <div> <I>(4) For grounded systems, the grounded service conductor within the service equipment enclosure </I></div> <div> <I>(5) For ungrounded systems, the grounding terminal bar within the service equipment enclosure</I> </div> <div> FPN:See 406.3(D) for the use of a ground-fault circuit-interrupting type of receptacle.</div> <div> <B>406.3 General Installation Requirements.</B> </div> <div> <I><B>(D) Replacements</B></I><I>. Replacement of receptacles shall comply with 406.3(D)(1), (2), and (3) as applicable.</I> </div> <div> <I>(1) Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where a grounding means exists in the receptacle enclosure or a grounding conductor is installed in accordance with 250.130(C), grounding-type receptacles shall be used and shall be connected to the grounding conductor in accordance with 406.3(C) or 250.130(C). </I></div> <div> <I>(2) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters. Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code.</I> </div> <div> <I>(3) Nongrounding-Type Receptacles. Where grounding means does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (a), (b), or (c). </I></div> <div> <I>(a) A nongrounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another nongrounding-type receptacle(s). </I></div> <div> <I>(b) A nongrounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall be marked “No Equipment Ground.” An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle. </I></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I>(c) A nongrounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) </I></FONT><I>where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding-type receptacles supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall be marked “GFCI Protected” and “No Equipment Ground.” An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles. </I><A HREF="id22_gfci_in_ungrounded_homes_9142007.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2005 NE"><U><I>(back)</I></U></A></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="electrical_outlet_in_the_garage"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Electrical Outlet in the Garage 3/31/2004</B> </div> <div> Ed,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Hi am Kevin B from<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT>Houston, Texas searching for the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT>answer<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> What is the height requirement that an electrical outlet can be in the garage?<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Thanks</div> <bR> <div> There is no maximum or minimum height requirement in a garage that I am aware of. The NEC does require GFCI protection in the garage on any outlet 125 volt single phase circuit with exceptions.</div> <div>  </div> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="nm_b_in_a_commercial_building_3272004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>NM-B in a commercial building 3/27/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>I hope you can help me. I like your format with answering straight from the NEC. </B></div> <div> <B>I am remodeling a 5000sq ft commercial office building, one level building. The building is wood framed and will have an occupant load of no more than 50. No auditoriums. </B></div> <div> <B>I am unable to find that I must use a MC type cabling or conduit. </B></div> <div> <B>My question is nm-b romex will suffice in the walls and ceilings where protected? </B></div> <div> <B>Christian</B></div> <bR> <div> Hope I'm not to late to give you my answer. I was out of town for a week and I just opened up my E-mail. </div> <div> Since you have told me this is a commercial building and no auditoriums, we can rule out Article 518 "Place of Assembly". </div> <div> Let's go straight to your main concern. NM-B (romax is a brand name like Kotex, Kleenex and Jacuzzi) </div> <bR> <div> <B>ARTICLE 334 Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable: Types NM, NMC, and NMS</B> </div> <div> <B>334.10 Uses Permitted.</B> </div> <div> <I>Type NM, Type NMC, and Type NMS cables shall be permitted to be used in the following: </I></div> <div> <I>(1) One- and two-family dwellings. </I></div> <div> <I>(2) Multifamily dwellings permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction except as prohibited in 334.12. </I></div> <div> <I>(3) Other structures permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction except as prohibited in 334.12. Cables shall be concealed within walls, floors, or ceilings that provide a thermal barrier of material that has at least a 15-minute finish rating as identified in listings of fire-rated assemblies.</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I> </I></FONT></div> <div> <I>FPN No. 1:Building constructions are defined in NFPA 220-1999, Standard on Types of Building Construction, or the applicable building code, or both.</I> </div> <div> <I>FPN No. 2:See Annex E for determination of building types [NFPA 220, Table 3-1].</I> </div> <div> <B>334.12 Uses Not Permitted.</B> </div> <div> <I>(A) Types NM, NMC, and NMS. Types NM, NMC, and NMS cables shall not be used as follows: </I></div> <div> <I>(1) As open runs in dropped or suspended ceilings in other than one- and two-family and multifamily dwellings.</I> </div> <div> Revised for the 2002 Code, 334.12(A)(1) prohibits any nonmetallic sheathed cables installed as “open runs” in the space above accessible hung ceilings. This change does not affect dwelling-type occupancies. Open runs of cable, as used in this requirement, may be defined as cables installed as “open” or “not protected” installations that remain accessible after construction. </div> <div> For example, cables installed above a dropped sheet rock ceiling or dropped sheet rock soffit would not be considered “open” runs of cable, provided the area above the ceiling is not accessible (does not have removable tiles or does not contain an access panel). Very often, hung or dropped ceilings are accessible: therefore cables installed above these types of ceilings would be considered “open runs of cables” if the cables do not have additional protection. </div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="clearance_from_a_bathroom_toilet"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Clearance from a bathroom toilet 3/31/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Mr. Stubbs,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Hi my name is Kevin B from Houston, Texas I am trying to find the answer to the question below. </B></div> <div> <B>I was informed by a contractor you could help me or point me in the right direction.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I really appreciate it thanks .</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>What is the minimum clearance from the rim of a bathroom toilet that an interior wall can be?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Kevin</B></div> <bR> <div> Seeing that this is not an electrical question, I will have to think about my past plumbing experiences. There are two parts to a toilet (water closet). The stool and the tank. The rim I think you are talking about is the back of the tank that holds the water. The only clearance you need from the sheetrock wall is enough to rest the tank top properly. If you are talking about the stool on the floor, you have to install the stool bolts 11 1/2 to 12 inches from the wall to be able to set any water closet to fit. </div> <bR> <div> If this not what you are looking for, please rewrite the question or call a plumber. </div> <div> Since your in Texas, you may have to call a big plumber.</div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="maximum_breakers_in_panel_3182004"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Maximum breakers in panel 3/18/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Does the NEC address how may total amps of breakers can be installed in a 200 amp panel? </B></div> <div> <B>Tommy </B></div> <bR> <div> The answer is yes. There is a maximum </div> <div> 408.15 Number of Overcurrent Devices on One Panelboard. </div> <div> <I>Not more than 42 overcurrent devices (other than those provided for in the mains) of a lighting and appliance branch-circuit panelboard shall be installed in any one cabinet or cutout box.</I> </div> <div> <I>A lighting and appliance branch-circuit panelboard shall be provided with physical means to prevent the installation of more overcurrent devices than that number for which the panelboard was designed, rated, and approved.</I> </div> <div> <I>For the purposes of this article, a 2-pole circuit breaker shall be considered two overcurrent devices; a 3-pole circuit breaker shall be considered three overcurrent devices.</I> </div> <div> <I>“Class CTL” is the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. designation for the Code requirement for circuit limitation within a lighting and appliance branch-circuit panelboard and means “circuit limiting.”</I> </div> <div> <I>Class CTL panelboards incorporate physical features that, in conjunction with the physical size, configuration, or other means provided in Class CTL circuit breakers, fuseholders, or fusible switches, are designed to prevent the installation of more overcurrent protective poles than the number for which the panelboard is designed and rated. </I></div> <div> <I>It should be noted that switchboards, unlike panelboards, are not limited to 42 overcurrent devices or 42 </I>switches or devices. </div> <div> 110.3 Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment. </div> <div> <I>(B) Installation and Use. Listed or labeled equipment shall be installed and used in accordance with any instructions included in the listing or labeling.</I></div> <bR> <div> Send us your code question: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A></FONT></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="gfci_s_in_basements_3102004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>GFCI's in basements 3/10/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>Ed: </B></div> <div> <B>I am in the planning stage of rewiring my basement. I want to add GFCI protection to all of my receptacles. Should I put each circuit on a GFCI breaker or should I put GFCI receptacles in each circuit? If my first receptacle on a circuit is a GFCI receptacle, how many regular receptacles can I string after it? Also, how many GFCI strings can be contained on one circuit? For example, if I have a circuit with eight receptacles, is it acceptable to put one GFCI receptacle, three regular receptacles, one GFCI receptacle, and three regular receptacles? One last question, do you recommend using 20 amp circuits for basement receptacles or 15 amp circuits? </B></div> <div> <B>Thank you, Chuck</B></div> <bR> <div> Well Chuck, the answer is simple and cheap. Article 210.8(A)(5) requires GFCI protection only on unfinished basements. </div> <div> <I><B>Unfinished basements</B></I><I> — for purposes of this section, unfinished basements are defined as portions or areas of the basement not intended as habitable rooms and limited to storage areas, work areas, and the like </I></div> <div> <I>Exception No. 1: Receptacles that are not readily accessible.</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 2: A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and-plug connected in accordance with 400.7(A)(6), (A)(7), or (A)(8).</I> </div> <div> <I>Exception No. 3: A receptacle supplying only a permanently installed fire alarm or burglar alarm system shall not be required to have ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection.</I> </div> <div> <I>Receptacles installed under the exceptions to 210.8(A)(5) shall not be considered as meeting the requirements of 210.52(G). </I></div> <div> <I>An unfinished portion of a basement is limited to storage areas, work areas, and the like. The receptacles in the work area of the basement shown in Exhibit 210.12 must have GFCI protection. Section 210.8(A)(5) does not apply to finished areas in basements, such as sleeping rooms or family rooms, and GFCI protection of receptacles in those areas is not required. In addition, freezer and laundry receptacles do not require GFCI protection, in accordance with 210.8(A)(5), Exception No. 2. </I></div> <div> <I>Exception No. 3 was added for the 2002 Code to permit the omission of GFCI protection for outlets that serve burglar and fire alarm systems, thus adding a degree of reliability to these important systems. </I></div> <bR> <div> If you do choose to put GFCI protection on your finished basement, you can install a GFCI breaker in the panelboard, or you can install a GFCI receptacle at the first branch outlet and allow it to protect all receptacle outlets downstream. There is no limit on the amount of outlets you can protect on the GFCI protection device(s). </div> <bR> <div> Last question. The choice is yours on a 15 or 20 amp circuit. On the homes I used to wire up, I would put one 20 amp on a small basement and (2) 15 amp circuits on a large basement.</div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Send us your code question: </FONT><A HREF="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net"><U><U>Mailto:edstubbs1@comcast.net</U></U></A><U> </U></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id45_m.htm" TITLE="Let The Code Decide / Quik Talk (2002 NE"><U><U>Back to top</U></U></A></FONT> </div> <div> <IMG SRC="0824d0c0.png" border=0 width="589" height="12" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B> <A NAME="arcing_fault_breakers_192004_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <B>Arcing fault breakers 1/9/2004</B> </div> <div> <B>My area (KY) has adopted the NEC 2002 edition</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I am involved in a multi dwelling unit project in which there are no designated rooms- only spaces (these spaces are not identical)- there are at least 5 general types and sub-varieties of some of these. The only doors in a unit are at the entry to the apt. and at the bath entry.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>As you enter the unit, the area intended for sleeping is to the left; straight ahead is a short, narrow space that could best be described as a "hall" and is not considered to be in the sleeping area.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>There are two wall switches just inside the entry. One of these controls switched receptacles in the sleeping area and the related circuit is on an AFCI breaker. The second switch controls receptacles and maybe a light in the "hall".</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>The inspector has ruled that as the switch for the bedroom area is adjacent to that for the "hall", the breaker for the this circuit must be an AFCI type also.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Looking at 210.12(B) and Article 100 definition of "outlet", I don't agree.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>It would seem that unless a box in a bedroom area has provisions for allowing current to be taken from the system at the point (such as a light or receptacle), an AFCI breaker is not required. Are there other areas of the NEC that apply here?</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>I would be interested in your opinion of this situation. I can envision a layout where a home owner might want to have exterior security lighting switched from the bedroom. Then, if I'm interpreting the code incorrectly, the security lighting would have to be on an AFCI breaker.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>Thanks, Lou</B></div> <bR> <div> Hello Lou from Kentucky: </div> <div> You said your state or local municipality has adopted the 2002 NEC! Good, now check for local amendments from your local municipality. If there are none, we can move forward.</div> <div>  </div> <div> I can assure you that this question has come up many times before. We have had a meeting in my department concerning this article and interpretation. We also went back to the 2001 proposal for the 2002 NEC to find out who submitted the proposal and what was accepted.</div> <div>  <A NAME="nfpa_70___may_2001_rop"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> NFPA 70 — May 2001 ROP — Copyright 2000, NFPA </div> <div> (Log #2847)<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 2- 103 - (210-12): <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Accept in Principle</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Note: It was the action of the Technical Correlating Committee<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> that this Proposal be referred to Code-Making Panel 17 for further<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> consideration in Article 517. This will be considered as a Public<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Comment.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> SUBMITTER: Robert J. Clarey, Cutler-Hammer, Inc.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> RECOMMENDATION: Revise text as follows:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>(b) Dwelling Unit Bedrooms. All branch circuits that supply 125-</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacle outlets installed in</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>dwelling unit bedrooms shall be protected by an arc-fault circuit</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>interrupter(s). This requirement shall become effective January 1,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>2002.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (c) Dwelling Unit Living Areas. All branch circuits that supply<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere outlets installed in<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> dwelling units living areas shall be protected by an arc-fault circuit<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> interrupter(s).<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>FPN: A dwelling unit living area is any space, that can be</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>normally occupied, other than bedrooms, bathrooms, toilet</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>compartments, kitchens, closets, halls, storage, garage or utility</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>spaces.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (d) Guest Rooms. All branch circuits that supply 125-volt, single-<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> phase, 15- and 20-ampere outlets installed in guest rooms in hotels,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> motels, and similar occupancies shall be protected by an arc-fault<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> circuit interrupter(s) in accordance with the requirements for<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> dwelling units in 210-12(b) and 210-12(c).<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (e) Limited Care Facility Bedrooms. All branch circuits that<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> supply 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere outlets installed in<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> limited care facility bedrooms shall be protected by an arc-fault<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> circuit interrupter(s).<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>SUBSTANTIATION</B><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >: The 1999 National Electrical Code mandates</FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> the protection of all branch circuits that supply receptacle outlets<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> installed in dwelling unit bedrooms. This Code wording was<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> influenced, in part, by Comments during the 1999 Code Cycle,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> such as Comment 2-65 (1). That Comment addresses the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> enhanced safety provided by AFCI's in sleeping and living areas;<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> areas that were identified as being most prone to electrical fires as<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> a result of low voltage arcing. The present proposal is aimed at<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> broadening the protection of AFCI's to the branch circuits<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> supplying all bedroom outlets in dwelling units, in guest rooms and<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> in limited care facilities. It is also aimed at broadening the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> protection of AFCI's to the branch circuits of living areas in<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> dwelling units and in guest rooms.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> During the last Code Cycle, Comment 2-65 was Accepted in<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Principle, and the present Code text in 210-12 of the 1999 National<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Electrical Code reflects the Panel Action wording on Comment 2-<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 65. The associated Panel Statement (1) reads:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> "The Panel has limited the requirements to dwelling unit<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> bedrooms to permit these new devices to be introduced into the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> public domain on a gradual basis.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> The panel also notes that this does not prohibit their use in other<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> circuits throughout dwelling units. An effective date of January 1,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 2002 was established to allow industry to accommodate the new<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> requirement and to allow a transition period".<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>The substantiation for the present proposal is as follows:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>With respect to 210-12(b), the present restriction to bedroom</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>receptacle outlets only partially satisfies the intended protection of</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>the circuits supplying dwelling unit bedrooms. These rooms are</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>also associated with lighting outlets, and the branch circuits</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>supplying these lighting outlets should also be protected. </B><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >The</FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> proposal, therefore, is to delete the word "receptacle" in order to<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> provide AFCI protection to the circuits supplying all bedroom<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> outlets.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>With respect to 210-12(c), the proposal is the extend AFCI fire</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>protection to the circuits supplying dwelling unit living areas. This</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>change, in conjunction with 210-12(b), would provide AFCI</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>protection to the circuits supplying outlets in all dwelling unit</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>rooms with the exception of bathrooms, toilet compartments,</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>kitchens, closets, halls, storage, garage or utility spaces.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> With respect to 210-12(d), the intent is to extend the enhanced<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> safety benefits of AFCI's in dwelling units to comparable occupancy<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> locations (bedrooms and living areas) in the guest rooms (210-60)<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> of hotels, motels and similar occupancies.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> With respect to 210-12(e), the intent is to extend the enhanced<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> safety benefits of AFCI's to the bedrooms of Limited Care Facilities<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> as defined in 517-3. These facilities cater to persons who are<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> incapable of self-preservation or who suffer from some form of<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> mental limitation. These handicaps complicate the rapid exiting<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> of buildings, and fire safety needs to be increased by the addition<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> of AFCI's.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> This overall Code proposal is justified on the basis of enhanced<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> safety. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission has<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> published (2), for example, 1996 Residential Fire Loss Estimates.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> CPSC provides estimates of the fires losses, in residential structures,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> for the total electrical distribution system. For 1996 the estimate is<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 41600 fires, 370 civilian deaths, 1430 civilian injuries, and $682.5M<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> in property losses. Many of these fires and much of this loss of life<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> could have been prevented by AFCI's. But for AFCI's to be effective,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> it is necessary to provide arc fault detection and protection to as<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> many dwelling-unit supply-circuits as possible. The Code proposal is<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> also justified by the changes, since the last Code cycle, which<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> demonstrate that industry has indeed accommodated to the new<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> requirements.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> First, in February 1999, Underwriters Laboratories published the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> first Edition of UL 1699 "Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupters" (3). The<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> branch/feeder AFCI's described in that document are substantially<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> identical to the "AFCI's classified for mitigating the effects of arcing<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> faults" that were available during the 1999 Code cycle, and that were<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> previously described in a draft standard. The branch/feeder AFCI's<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> described in UL 1699 protect the installed wiring, and also provide<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> protection against line to neutral and line to ground arcing faults in<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> the cords connected to the outlets. The existence of this standard,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> and of the associated branch/feeder products, indicates that the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> products have matured. Second, many circuit breaker<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> manufacturers now offer combination circuit breakers and<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> branch/feeder AFCI's. Thus AFCI devices are readily available.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Third, manufacturers have gained hundreds of millions of<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> operating-hours experience with AFCI's. The consumers have<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> benefited from the enhanced arcing fault protection.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Further, consumers have not experienced "nuisance tripping" due<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> to the false identification of circuit waveforms such as the inrush<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> transients to motors, and the normally occurring arcing waveforms<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> associated with devices such as thermostats, motors, and switches.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Fourth, AFCI manufacturers have made numerous AFCI<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> presentations to fire inspectors, electrical inspectors, and other<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> groups concerned with public safety. This has raised awareness of<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> both the technology and the associated safety potential, and the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> overwhelming response has been both positive and enthusiastic.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Fifth, in 1999 the Consumer Product Safety Commission has made<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> a brief report (4) entitled "Preventing Home Fires: Arc Fault Circuit<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Interrupters (AFCI's)". This report includes the statement, "Several<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> years ago, a CPSC study identified arc fault detection as a promising<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> new technology. Since then, CPSC electrical engineers have tested<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> the new AFCI's on the market and found these products to be<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> effective". Thus AFCI's have moved from the conceptual stage, as<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> discussed in the 1995 UL Report for CPSC "Technology for<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Detecting and Monitoring Conditions that Could Cause Electrical<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Wiring System Fires" to the practical stage. In particular, AFCI's are<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> available on the market and are effective.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> In view of the positive changes that have occurred since the last<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> cycle, and the continuing heavy toll in human lives, in human<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> injury, and in property losses occasioned by electrical distribution<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> fires, the Code Panel is urged to adopt this proposal. The objective<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> is to optimize protection for dwelling unit bedrooms, for dwelling<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> unit living area circuits, for the comparable guest rooms of hotels<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> and motels, and for the bedrooms of limited care facilities.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> References:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (1) National Electrical Code Committee Report on Comments,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Comment 2-65, pages 99-100, 1998.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (2) "1996 Residential Fire Loss Estimates", U.S. Consumer Product<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Safety Commission Report, 1998.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (3) "Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupters", Underwriters Laboratories<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Inc., UL 1699 Standard for Safety, First Edition, February 26, 1999.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> (4) "Preventing Home Fires: AFCI's", Consumer Product Safety<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Review, Volume 4, #1, page 6, Summer 1999.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Note: Supporting material is available upon request at NFPA<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Headquarters.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> PANEL ACTION: Accept in Part.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> The panel accepts the deletion of the term "receptacle" in (b) of the<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> proposal. The panel rejects the remainder of the proposal.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>PANEL STATEMENT: The panel rejects the submitter's requested</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>expansion of the AFCI's usage beyond the dwelling unit bedroom</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B>circuits.</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> The panel continues to support the introduction of this product,<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> based on the data received and reviewed on this subject, but believes<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> it is prudent to limit the requirement to bedrooms to gain further<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> experience.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> The limited care facility issue is outside the scope of Code-Making<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> Panel 2 and recommends that the Technical Correlating Committee<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> forward this item to Code-Making Panel 17 for action.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> NUMBER OF PANEL MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 12<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> VOTE ON PANEL ACTION:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> AFFIRMATIVE: 11<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> NEGATIVE: 1<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> EXPLANATION OF NEGATIVE:<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> BROWN: See my Explanation of Negative Vote on Proposal 2-102.<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> The <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" >red</FONT> comments in the proposal directs the requirements to the bedroom only. </div> <div> Let's go to definition on "Outlets" </div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0099FF" FACE="Arial" ><I><U>Outlet. A point on the wiring system at which current is taken to</U></I></FONT><I><U> </U></I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><U>supply utilization equipment</U></I></FONT><I><U>.</U></I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <I><U>An example is a lighting outlet or a receptacle outlet. </U></I></div> <bR> <div> Notice it didn't mention switched (switch controlled) outlets, but does state to supply utilization equipment. </div> <bR> <div> Finally we'll go to Article 210-12 </div> <div> <B>210.12 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection.</B> </div> <div> (A) Definition. An arc-fault circuit interrupter is a device intended to provide protection from the effects of arc faults by recognizing characteristics unique to arcing and by functioning to de-energize the circuit when an arc fault is detected. </div> <div> (B) Dwelling Unit Bedrooms. All branch circuits that supply 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere outlets installed in dwelling unit bedrooms shall be protected by an arc-fault circuit interrupter listed to provide protection of the entire branch circuit. </div> <div> <U>Section 210.12 requires that AFCI protection be provided on branch circuits that supply outlets (</U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B><U>receptacle, lighting,</U></B></FONT><U> etc.) in dwelling unit bedrooms. The requirement is limited to 15- and 20-ampere 125-volt circuits. There is no prohibition against providing AFCI protection on other circuits or in locations other than bedrooms. Because circuits are often shared between a bedroom and other areas such as closets and hallways, providing AFCI protection on the complete circuit would comply with 210.12. </U></div> <bR> <div> Again, we stating lighting and receptacle outlets that will supply directly to connections that will supply utilization equipment in the bedroom. </div> <div> Now what about the hall or as you mentioned exterior security light. Each location has a title. Bathroom, Hall, kitchen, closet, basement,